Resource-environmental joint forecasting in the Luanchuan mining district, China through big data mining and 3D/4D modeling

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.1.1

Abstract

Abstract:

The “fourth paradigm” of the 21 ^st century Earth Science, the fourth industrial era and the 5G+ intelligent communication provide mineral researchers with a new opportunity to study the relationship between mining development and environmental protection. This study is based on the geoscientific theory that emphasizes the connections between geodynamic background, metallogenic process and quantitative assessment. Taking the Luanchuan mining district as an example, using geoscience big data (multi-dimensional, multi-scale geological, geophysical, geochemical, multi-temporal hyperspectral/high-resolution remote sensing, real-time mining data) platform, including deep artificial intelligence mining technology as well as 3D/4D multi-disciplinary, multi-parameter, multi-scale modeling technology, we constructed a 3D geological model, a metallogenic process model and a quantitative exploration model at the district and deposit scales, and performed quantitative prediction and assessment of the related mineral resources. The aim was to achieve dynamic assessment of high-precision 3D geo-environmental (rock, structure, hydrology, soil, etc.) protection and comprehensive development and utilization of resources in digital mines, so as to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable mineral resource development in the study area. The research results are summarized in three main aspects: (1) Application of geoscience big data in resource prediction and assessment of district. By mining geoscience big data such as 3D geological modeling, geological and geophysical forward/backward interpretation, geochemical and remote sensing data mining, etc., with use of the self-developed GeoCube2.0 software, deep target optimization and comprehensive mineral resources assessment were achieved for the Luanchuan mining district (500 km² in area, 2.5 km deep). The predicted Mo, W and Pb-Zn-Ag resources in the mining district were 6.5, 1.5 and 5 million tons, respectively. (2) Three-dimensional geologic modeling of ore deposit and mineral exploration related to mining environment. Field data collected from the Nannihu-Sandaozhuang-Shangfang open pits and the Luotuoshan deep channel mining zones show that the spatial correlation between the NW-trending porphyry-skarn deposit/orebody and groundwater space is not high, and the NE-trending faults—usually tensional or tenso-torsional in the post-metallogenic period—are the pathway for groundwater migration. In the NW-trending Pb-Zn deposit, there are significant secondary metalloid leaching, where shallow Pb-Zn oxides and Mn-Fe minerals are associated with malachite and bloom from water erosion. There is a risk of groundwater pollution in the high-altitude Pb-Zn mining zone as well as in the Lengshui and Bailugou deposits, where NE-trending faults are developed outside of the porphyry-skarn Mo(W) deposits in the study area. (3) Geoscience model construction in intelligent digital mines for resource-environmental joint assessment and planning. A 3D geological model, with relevance to ancient mining caves, open pits, and deep laneways in the mining area, was established for large mines to provide guidance for the mining industry toward sustainable resource development. Using hyperspectral database, 3D models for both useful and harmful mineral elements were constructed to unite the mineral exploration, mining and processing processes in facilitating the recovery of harmful elements (As, Sb, Hg, etc.). And high resolution WorldView-2 images were used to gauge the distribution of Fe-containing pollutants in waste water and slag slurry of significant tailings reservoirs in protecting against surface runoff and soil pollution.

Key words: big data mining, 3D/4D modeling, quantitative prediction and assessment, resource and environment, intelligent mine, Luanchuan mining district

CLC Number:

P612

WANG Gongwen, ZHANG Shouting, YAN Changhai, PANG Zhenshan, WANG Hongwei, FENG Zhankui, DONG Hong, CHENG Hongtao, HE Yaqing, LI Ruixi, ZHANG Zhiqiang, HUANG Leilei, GUO Nana. Resource-environmental joint forecasting in the Luanchuan mining district, China through big data mining and 3D/4D modeling[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(3): 139-155.

Figures/Tables 15

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级别	地段-编号	靶区	坐标中心位置 (X,Y,Z)	靶区概述	矿种	估算资源量(含储量) /万t
A	A1	大坪	553 400,3 748 700,1 040	大坪岩体周边为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下100 m见矿。地表出露岩体、Mo多金属矿脉,蚀变强,断裂构造与褶皱发育,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn 120
	A2	碾道沟	549 100,3 751 300,920	石宝沟岩体东北部为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下200 m见矿,有隐伏岩体(石宝沟岩体北部侧伏),NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn110
	A3	扎子沟	547 500,3 750 400,1 100	石宝沟岩体西北部为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下200 m见矿,有隐伏岩体(石宝沟岩体NE向侧伏),NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 120
	A4	大南沟	542 200,3 753 000,1 340	上房西南为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔500 m标高,有隐伏岩体,NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 10 Pb-Zn 100
	A5	冷水西	541 300,3 758 300,920	冷水西部为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔600 m标高,有隐伏岩体,NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 10 Pb-Zn 100
	A6	火神庙东	532 400,3 757 500,560	火神庙东为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔300 m标高以下,分布有隐伏中酸性岩体和基性岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn 110
	A7	鱼库北	544 900,3 749 400,860	东鱼库北部为浅隐伏地段,预测靶区地表以下200 m见矿,分布有隐伏中酸性岩体和基性岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 100
B	B1	黄背岭西、西北	540 990,3 750 800,1 250	黄背岭西、西北部为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区,西北部有Mo远景区。分布有隐伏岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩型-夕卡岩型Mo矿、热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 80
	B2	红洞沟东南部	539 800,3 747 400,1 100	红洞沟东南为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区。构造控矿特征显著;陶湾群地层内分布有酸性小岩体,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn	Pb-Zn 70
	B3	白沙洞东南	554 500,3 755 300,980	白沙洞东南为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区。NW、NE向构造控矿特征显著;出露官道口群地层,深部可能有燕山期岩体或岩脉,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn	Pb-Zn 60

级别	地段-编号	靶区	坐标中心位置 (X,Y,Z)	靶区概述	矿种	估算资源量(含储量) /万t
A	A1	大坪	553 400,3 748 700,1 040	大坪岩体周边为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下100 m见矿。地表出露岩体、Mo多金属矿脉,蚀变强,断裂构造与褶皱发育,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn 120
	A2	碾道沟	549 100,3 751 300,920	石宝沟岩体东北部为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下200 m见矿,有隐伏岩体(石宝沟岩体北部侧伏),NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn110
	A3	扎子沟	547 500,3 750 400,1 100	石宝沟岩体西北部为浅隐伏地段,预测地表以下200 m见矿,有隐伏岩体(石宝沟岩体NE向侧伏),NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 120
	A4	大南沟	542 200,3 753 000,1 340	上房西南为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔500 m标高,有隐伏岩体,NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 10 Pb-Zn 100
	A5	冷水西	541 300,3 758 300,920	冷水西部为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔600 m标高,有隐伏岩体,NE向构造控矿显著,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 10 Pb-Zn 100
	A6	火神庙东	532 400,3 757 500,560	火神庙东为隐伏矿段,预测靶区深达海拔300 m标高以下,分布有隐伏中酸性岩体和基性岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 30 Pb-Zn 110
	A7	鱼库北	544 900,3 749 400,860	东鱼库北部为浅隐伏地段,预测靶区地表以下200 m见矿,分布有隐伏中酸性岩体和基性岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩-夕卡岩型Mo与热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 100
B	B1	黄背岭西、西北	540 990,3 750 800,1 250	黄背岭西、西北部为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区,西北部有Mo远景区。分布有隐伏岩体,物探异常明显估算域:斑岩型-夕卡岩型Mo矿、热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn、Mo	Mo 40 Pb-Zn 80
	B2	红洞沟东南部	539 800,3 747 400,1 100	红洞沟东南为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区。构造控矿特征显著;陶湾群地层内分布有酸性小岩体,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn	Pb-Zn 70
	B3	白沙洞东南	554 500,3 755 300,980	白沙洞东南为Pb-Zn预测找矿靶区。NW、NE向构造控矿特征显著;出露官道口群地层,深部可能有燕山期岩体或岩脉,物探异常明显估算域:热液脉型Pb-Zn矿	Pb-Zn	Pb-Zn 60