Characteristics and prospecting significance of thermoluminescence patterns and cell parameters of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao, Jiaodong Peninsula

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.27

Abstract

Abstract:

The Jiaodong Peninsula is one of the most important bases of gold resources in China. In recent years, great breakthroughs have been made in deep prospecting of gold deposits, especially a super large undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao has been discovered. Presently only limited research has been done on this deposit. Based on the genetic and mineral prospecting theory, we systematically studied the temporospatial distribution patterns of thermoluminescence and cell parameters of connective mineral quartz from the deposit. We found the following typomorphic characteristics of quartz very important for gold prospecting: (1) The quartz thermoluminescence curves showed characteristic singlet and shoulder-like peaks at the mid range temperatures in the early and late mineralization stages, and an asymmetric doublet peak with the strongest emission intensity over the mid-to-high temperature range in the main mineralization stage. (2) The peak temperatures and emission intensities on the thermoluminescence curves showed vertical fluctuations in volatility correlating with gold mineralization. (3) Quartz (Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀) values ranged between 1.92 and 3.30, indicating gap filling was the major way of incorporating trace elements into quartz. (4) Spatiotemporal variation of quartz cell parameters followed a clear pattern of increasing a₀ and V₀, decreasing c₀/a₀ from the early to late mineralization stages, indicating temperature and elemental impurity had an influence on quartz cell parameters. (5) In the depth of the ore body, the quartz thermoluminescence curves showed higher peak temperature, larger emission intensity fluctuation, singlet and shoulder-like peaks, and large a₀and V₀values, suggesting a good downward mineralization prospect.

Key words: thermoluminescence of quartz, cell parameters, distribution characteristics in time and space, prospecting sign, Sanshandao undersea gold deposit

CLC Number:

SONG Yingxin, LI Shengrong, SHEN Junfeng, ZHANG Long, LI Wentao, ZENG Yongjie. Characteristics and prospecting significance of thermoluminescence patterns and cell parameters of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao, Jiaodong Peninsula[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(2): 305-319.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Geological sketch map showing gold deposit distribution in the metallogenic district of northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula. Adapted from [17].

Fig.2 (a) Bedrock geological sketch map of the Sanshandao gold deposit area and (b) geological sketch map of the mining district of theundersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao. Adapted from [18].

Fig.3 Combined geological sections along exploratory lines (a) and geological sections along No.32 exploratory line (b) of the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao. Adapted from [22].

Fig.4 Ore features and cutting relationships at different mineralization stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Table 1 Characteristics of thermoluminescence parameters for quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

样品编号	采样标高/m	矿物组合	阶段划分	峰型	峰位温度/℃	半峰宽的强度/s^-1	发光强度/s^-1	发光总强度/s^-1	金品位 w(Au)/10^-6
s3204-1107	-1 107	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅰ	肩峰	285	70	380	29 556	0.05
s3204-1112	-1 112	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py、Ccp	Ⅲ	单峰	272	60	1 130	75 334	0.15
s3204-1115	-1 115	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	277	55	770	47 056	0.38
s3207-1417	-1 417	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	277	60	610	40 667	2.73
s3208-1468	-1 468	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	277	55	1 300	79 445	0.8
s3208-1478	-1 478	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	275	50	235	13 055	0.45
s3208-1480	-1 480	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	283	60	1 460	97 335	3.9
s3208-1551	-1 551	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	287	60	200	13 333	1.58
s3210-76	-76	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	240	45	310	15 500	0.2
s3210-1076	-1 076	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	双峰	248	45	550	27 500	5.96
s3210-1076	-1 076	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	双峰	310	100	740	82 223	5.96
s3210-1504	-1 504	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅰ	单峰	290	70	560	43 556	0.05
s3210-1533	-1 533	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py、Po	Ⅲ	单峰	275	90	1 320	132 002	0.7
s3210-1723	-1 723	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	283	55	470	28 722	3.05
s3210-1745	-1 745	Qtz、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	300	80	150	10 000	0.32
s3210-1771	-1 771	Qtz、Py、Cal、Ves	Ⅳ	无峰	—	—	—	—	—
s3211-241	-241	Qtz、Ser、Py、Gn、Sp	Ⅲ	肩峰	277	75	300	25 000	0.55
s3213-873	-873	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	270	70	1 350	105 001	0.3
s3214-672	-672	Qtz、Py、Gn、Sp	Ⅲ	单峰	275	85	360	34 000	0.5
s3214-700	-700	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	278	70	395	30 722	1.38

Fig.5 Thermoluminescence patterns of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Table 2 Thermoluminescence curve parameters with different peak types for the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

峰型	数量	峰号	峰温/℃	半峰宽的强度/s^-1	发光强度/s^-1	发光总强度/s^-1
单峰	11	—	240~290	45~90	330~1 460	15 500~132 002
肩峰	6	—	275~300	50~80	150~770	10 000~47 056
无峰	1	—	—	—	—	—
双峰	1	1	248	45	550	27 500
双峰	1	2	310	100	740	82 223

Table 3 Measurements of quartz cell parameters for different metallogenic stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

产地	样品号	标高/m	成矿阶段	a₀/ $A °$	c₀/ $A °$	c₀/a₀	V₀/ $A ° 3$	Δa₀/ $A °$	Δc₀/ $A °$	(Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀)	金品位w(Au)/10^-6
	s3204-1112	-1 112	Ⅲ	4.917 6	5.409 3	1.099 99	113.29	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.566 64	0.15
	s3204-1115	-1 115	Ⅱ	4.918 9	5.410 2	1.099 88	113.36	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 70	0.38
	s3207-1417	-1 417	Ⅱ	4.92	5.412 1	1.100 02	113.46	0.000 3	0.000 1	3.300 06	2.73
	s3208-1468	-1 468	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.413 6	1.100 50	113.45	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.201 01	0.8
	s3208-1478	-1 478	Ⅱ	4.922 2	5.414 4	1.099 99	113.6	0.000 7	0.000 4	1.924 99	0.45
	s3208-1480	-1 480	Ⅱ	4.915 3	5.409 7	1.100 58	113.19	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 17	3.9
三山岛	s3208-1483	-1 483	Ⅲ	4.919	5.409 2	1.099 65	113.35	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.565 86	0.5
北部海域	s3210-1076	-1 076	Ⅱ	4.916 7	5.409 9	1.100 31	113.26	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 62	5.96
(本文)	s3210-1504	-1 504	Ⅰ	4.915 1	5.409 2	1.100 53	113.28	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 22	0.05
	s3210-1533	-1 533	Ⅲ	4.917 7	5.408 6	1.099 82	113.28	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 56	0.7
	s3210-1723	-1 723	Ⅱ	4.915 6	5.410 1	1.100 60	113.21	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 19	3.05
	s3210-1745	-1 745	Ⅱ	4.921 3	5.412	1.099 71	113.52	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 42	0.32
	s3211-241	-241	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 7	1.100 23	113.39	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 46	0.55
	s3213-873	-873	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 2	1.100 13	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.5
	s3214-672	-672	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.411 2	1.100 02	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.3
	s3214-700	-700	Ⅱ	4.918 7	5.406 6	1.099 19	113.11	0.000 9	0.000 4	2.475 00	1.38
	I-Q8-001	-70	Ⅱ	4.916 4	5.407 4	1.099 87	113.19
	I-Q8-010		Ⅱ	4.920 3	5.208 5	1.058 57	113.39
三山岛	I-3-005		Ⅲ	4.915 8	5.409 3	1.100 39	113.21
(陈光远等^[1])	I-Q7-Y		Ⅲ	4.916 4	5.409 9	1.100 38	113.24
	I-Q8-011			4.917 3	5.409	1.099 99	113.27
	I-QS-015			4.915 1	5.406 8	1.100 04	113.12
	I-QS-017			4.918 9	5.409 2	1.099 68	113.35

Table 3 Measurements of quartz cell parameters for different metallogenic stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

产地	样品号	标高/m	成矿阶段	a₀/ $A °$	c₀/ $A °$	c₀/a₀	V₀/ $A ° 3$	Δa₀/ $A °$	Δc₀/ $A °$	(Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀)	金品位w(Au)/10^-6
	s3204-1112	-1 112	Ⅲ	4.917 6	5.409 3	1.099 99	113.29	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.566 64	0.15
	s3204-1115	-1 115	Ⅱ	4.918 9	5.410 2	1.099 88	113.36	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 70	0.38
	s3207-1417	-1 417	Ⅱ	4.92	5.412 1	1.100 02	113.46	0.000 3	0.000 1	3.300 06	2.73
	s3208-1468	-1 468	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.413 6	1.100 50	113.45	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.201 01	0.8
	s3208-1478	-1 478	Ⅱ	4.922 2	5.414 4	1.099 99	113.6	0.000 7	0.000 4	1.924 99	0.45
	s3208-1480	-1 480	Ⅱ	4.915 3	5.409 7	1.100 58	113.19	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 17	3.9
三山岛	s3208-1483	-1 483	Ⅲ	4.919	5.409 2	1.099 65	113.35	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.565 86	0.5
北部海域	s3210-1076	-1 076	Ⅱ	4.916 7	5.409 9	1.100 31	113.26	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 62	5.96
(本文)	s3210-1504	-1 504	Ⅰ	4.915 1	5.409 2	1.100 53	113.28	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 22	0.05
	s3210-1533	-1 533	Ⅲ	4.917 7	5.408 6	1.099 82	113.28	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 56	0.7
	s3210-1723	-1 723	Ⅱ	4.915 6	5.410 1	1.100 60	113.21	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 19	3.05
	s3210-1745	-1 745	Ⅱ	4.921 3	5.412	1.099 71	113.52	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 42	0.32
	s3211-241	-241	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 7	1.100 23	113.39	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 46	0.55
	s3213-873	-873	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 2	1.100 13	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.5
	s3214-672	-672	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.411 2	1.100 02	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.3
	s3214-700	-700	Ⅱ	4.918 7	5.406 6	1.099 19	113.11	0.000 9	0.000 4	2.475 00	1.38
	I-Q8-001	-70	Ⅱ	4.916 4	5.407 4	1.099 87	113.19
	I-Q8-010		Ⅱ	4.920 3	5.208 5	1.058 57	113.39
三山岛	I-3-005		Ⅲ	4.915 8	5.409 3	1.100 39	113.21
(陈光远等^[1])	I-Q7-Y		Ⅲ	4.916 4	5.409 9	1.100 38	113.24
	I-Q8-011			4.917 3	5.409	1.099 99	113.27
	I-QS-015			4.915 1	5.406 8	1.100 04	113.12
	I-QS-017			4.918 9	5.409 2	1.099 68	113.35

Fig.6 Scatter plot of quartz cell parameters a0 vs. c0/a0 for the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Table 4 Characteristic thermoluminescence parameters of quartz from different metallogenic stages the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.7 Changes of quartz thermoluminescence parameters through mineralization stages I-III in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.8 Characteristics of vertical fluctuations of quartz thermoluminescence parameters along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.9 Changes of quartz cell parameters through metallogenic stages I-III in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.10 Characteristics of vertical fluctuations of quartz cell parameters along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.11 Correlation between quartz peak temperature (a) or luminescence intensity (b) and gold grade in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

Fig.12 Vertical projections of quartz peak temperature/gold grade (dash lines) contours (a) or luminescence intensity/gold grade (dash line) contours (b) along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

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