珠江口盆地惠州运动的断裂响应研究:以阳江东凹为例

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.24

地学前缘 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 161-175.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.24

珠江口盆地惠州运动的断裂响应研究:以阳江东凹为例

张向涛¹(), 彭光荣¹, 王光增²^,³^,^*(), 刘欣颖², 赵利⁴, 杨悦², 占华旺², 于海洋², 马晓倩², 李三忠²^,³

1.中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司, 广东深圳 518000
2.中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室, 山东青岛 266100
3.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 山东青岛 266100
4.山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东泰安 271018

收稿日期:2021-04-26 修回日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-08-24
通信作者: 王光增
作者简介:张向涛(1969—),男,高级工程师,主要从事油气勘探和评价研究工作。Email: ZhangXT1@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42072235);国家自然科学基金项目(42002220);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202172003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202101013157);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019BD056)

Fault response to the Huizhou Movement in the Pearl River Mouth Basin: Insights from a case study of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag

ZHANG Xiangtao¹(), PENG Guangrong¹, WANG Guangzeng²^,³^,^*(), LIU Xinying², ZHAO Li⁴, YANG Yue², ZHAN Huawang², YU Haiyang², MA Xiaoqian², LI Sanzhong²^,³

1. Shenzhen Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Shenzhen 518000, China
2. Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
3. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
4. College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, Tai'an 271018, China

Received:2021-04-26 Revised:2021-05-13 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-08-24
Contact: WANG Guangzeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

惠州运动是最近确定的发生于珠江口盆地早、晚文昌过渡期的构造运动,以珠一坳陷对其响应最为典型。然而,这一运动是否波及珠江口盆地其他坳陷,以及它们的响应特征如何并不清楚。本文以珠三坳陷阳江东凹断裂体系为突破口,首先对其几何学和运动学特征进行了研究,然后从断裂体系的优势方位、组合样式、活动和迁移规律等角度对珠江口盆地对惠州运动的响应特征进行了研究。研究发现:阳江东凹古近系主要发育NE-NEE和E-W-NWW两组不同级别的断裂,这些断裂的发育演化主要受先存构造和区域构造运动两种因素控制。其中,先存构造主要影响主断裂带的优势发育部位、排列方式和整体走向等要素,可为这些断裂沿线后期构造的形成提供有利条件,而区域构造运动则导致该区优势断裂体系发生转换。对于阳江东凹而言,正是阳江—一统断裂前新生界左阶分支的左旋复活,才导致惠州运动后其内部形成了一系列小型走滑拉分盆地;虽然阳江东凹古近系断裂体系仍保留其前新生代先存构造的基本特征,如方位和组合样式等,但与珠一坳陷一致,惠州运动前后,其优势断裂体系也由早文昌沉积期的NE-NEE向张性断裂向晚文昌沉积期的近E-W-NWW向张扭性断裂转换,断裂活动强度也由南往北、由西向东发生了迁移和转换。珠江口盆地古近系断裂体系对惠州运动的统一响应说明惠州运动为南海北部影响广泛的构造运动,珠江口盆地不同坳陷对惠州运动的响应特征研究可为其内部各坳陷孤立发育的文昌组的跨盆对比提供构造依据,同时对于破解阳江东凹油气勘探困局也具有重要意义。

关键词: 惠州运动, 断裂体系, 文昌组, 阳江东凹, 珠江口盆地

Abstract:

The Huizhou Movement is a newly-defined tectonic movement occurring to the Pearl River Mouth Basin during the transition period between the early and late Wenchang rifting stages. This movement is well-responded in the Zhu Ⅰ Depression of the basin, however, its impact and response characteristics in other depressions of the basin are not known. Taking the fault system of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag, Zhu Ⅲ Depression as an example, this paper first studies the geometry and kinematic characteristics of the fault system, then summarizes its response characteristics to the Huizhou Movement in terms of its preferential orientation, assemblage style, and activity and activity migration patterns. It was found that mainly NE-NEE- and EW-NWW-trending faults of different scales develop in the Paleogene strata of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag, and their formation and evolution are mainly dominated by the pre-existing fabrics/weaknesses and regional tectonic movements. The pre-existing fabrics/weaknesses determine the preferential position, array style and general orientation of the main fault belts, imparting a favorable structural condition for the formation of various later structures along the fault belts. In the Eastern Yangjiang Sag, it is the reactivation of the pre-Cenozoic left-stepping echelon array branches of the NW-trending Yangjiang-Yitong'ansha Fault Zone that leads to the formation of a series of small strike-slip pull-apart basins along the Yangjiang-Yitong'ansha Fault Zone during its sinistral motion after the Huizhou Movement. Regional tectonic movements result in structural transformation of basin's dominant fault system including both main and secondary faults. For instance, although the Paleogene fault system of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag retains the general characteristics of the pre-existing pre-Cenozoic fabrics, such as fault position, array style and orientation, its dominant fault system, like in the Zhu Ⅰ Depression, transforms from the NE-NEE-trending extensional faults in the early Wencheng deposition stage to the sub-parallel E-W-NWW-trending transtentional faults in the late Wenchang deposition stage in response to the Huizhou Movement, and fault activities also migrate from south to north and from east to west, accordingly. The consistent response of the fault system to the Huizhou Movement in the Pearl River Mouth Basin indicates the Huizhou Movement is a wide-spread tectonic movement occurring to the north margin of the South China Sea. Therefore parallel studies of fault response characteristics in different depressions of the Pearl River Mouth Basin can provide a tectonic basis for inter-depression/inter-sag comparison of the Wenchang Formation developed in isolation across the whole basin, and facilitate oil and gas exploration in the Eastern Yangjiang Sag.

Key words: Huizhou Movement, fault system, Wenchang Formation, Eastern Yangjiang Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

中图分类号:

P542

张向涛, 彭光荣, 王光增, 刘欣颖, 赵利, 杨悦, 占华旺, 于海洋, 马晓倩, 李三忠. 珠江口盆地惠州运动的断裂响应研究:以阳江东凹为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(5): 161-175.

ZHANG Xiangtao, PENG Guangrong, WANG Guangzeng, LIU Xinying, ZHAO Li, YANG Yue, ZHAN Huawang, YU Haiyang, MA Xiaoqian, LI Sanzhong. Fault response to the Huizhou Movement in the Pearl River Mouth Basin: Insights from a case study of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 161-175.

图/表 12

图1 珠江口盆地阳江东凹区域地质概况和主要构造单元

Fig.1 Geological survey and main tectonic units of Eastern Yangjiang Sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin

图2 阳江东凹新生代充填序列(据文献[25]修改)

Fig.2 Cenozoic sedimentary sequence in Eastern Yangjiang Sag. Modified after [25].

图3 阳江东凹不同级别断裂展布特征

Fig.3 Distribution characteristics of faults of different orders in Eastern Yangjiang Sag

图4 阳江东凹各洼陷断裂典型剖面特征(据文献[21]修改) 剖面位置见图1。

Fig.4 Fault characteristics in typical profiles across subsags of Eastern Yangjiang Sag. Modified after [21].

图5 文三段(a)和文二段(b)底界面断裂展布特征

Fig.5 Distribution characteristics of faults cutting through bottoms of E2w3 (a) and E2w2 (b)

图6 阳江东凹不同构造层断裂走向特征及其反映的构造应力场

Fig.6 Fault strike characteristics and their corresponding stress fields of different tectonic layers in Eastern Yangjiang Sag

图7 文一段(a)和恩下段(b)底界断裂展布特征

Fig.7 Distribution characteristics of faults cutting through bottoms of E2w1 (a) and E3eL (b)

图8 恩上段(a)和珠江组(b)底界断裂展布特征

Fig.8 Distribution characteristics of faults cutting through bottoms of E3eU (a) and E2z (b)

图9 阳江东凹NW向阳江—一统暗沙断裂带分支断裂空间组合样式

Fig.9 Spatial array of branches of NW-trending Yangjiang-Yitong'ansha Fault Zone in Eastern Yangjiang Sag

图10 阳江东凹一级断裂活动速率

Fig.10 Activity rates of first-order faults in Eastern Yanjiang Sag

图11 珠一坳陷文昌组断裂体系发育特征(据文献[41]修改)

Fig.11 Characteristics of fault system in Wenchang Formation of Zhu I Depression. Modified after [41].

图12 惠州运动前后珠一坳陷断裂活动(a)和应力场转换(b,c)特征(据文献[4]修改)

Fig.12 Characteristics of fault activity (a) and stress field transformation (b and c) in Zhu I Depression before and after Huizhou Movement. Modified after [4].

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珠江口盆地惠州运动的断裂响应研究:以阳江东凹为例

Fault response to the Huizhou Movement in the Pearl River Mouth Basin: Insights from a case study of the Eastern Yangjiang Sag

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