地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 255-264.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.5.23

• 勘查评价方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

喜马拉雅成矿带嘎波伟晶岩型锂矿的找矿方法与深部背景研究

焦彦杰1,2(), 黄旭日2,*(), 李光明1, 付建刚1, 梁生贤1, 郭镜1   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局 成都地质调查中心(西南地质科技创新中心), 四川 成都 611230
    2.西南石油大学 地球科学与技术学院, 四川 成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-25 修回日期:2023-02-13 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 黄旭日
  • 作者简介:焦彦杰(1978—),男,正高级工程师,主要从事资源勘查与深部结构研究。E-mail: ajiaocd@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2901903);国家自然科学基金项目(42241206);国家科学技术部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究资助项目(2019QZKK0806);中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(DD20230337)

Prospecting methods and deep geological setting of the Gabo pegmatite lithium deposit in the Himalayan metallogenic belt

JIAO Yanjie1,2(), HUANG Xuri2,*(), LI Guangming1, FU Jiangang1, LIANG Shengxian1, GUO Jing1   

  1. 1. Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey (Geosciences Innovation Center of Southwest China), Chengdu 611230, China
    2. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2022-12-25 Revised:2023-02-13 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-10-20
  • Contact: HUANG Xuri

摘要:

锂资源为重要的稀有资源、战略资源,被广泛重视,在航空航天、原子能等领域发挥着重要作用。嘎波锂矿位于西藏洛扎县境内,北邻拉隆穹窿,南靠库拉岗日穹窿,是喜马拉雅成矿带新发现的伟晶岩型锂矿。矿区内多条含锂辉石伟晶岩脉,顺拆离带呈缓倾角产于变形带的大理岩夹片岩地层中,形成锂矿化与拆离带、大理岩密切的空间关系。针对嘎波伟晶岩型锂矿,开展了高密度电法、放射性测量、音频大地电磁测深的方法研究。结果表明,伟晶岩具有高电阻、低极化、重力低异常特征,无明显放射性异常。高密度电法成像表明云母片岩、堇青石、石榴石片岩为低电阻和高极化特征。音频大地电磁测深和高密度电法确定了伟晶岩、下拆离断层和穹窿核部花岗岩的相对空间位置。卫星重力和大地电磁资料显示,嘎波伟晶岩型锂矿位于南北向断裂或裂谷附近,其形成可能跟深部高导层、大规模岩浆分异演化结晶有关,空间结构和深部背景特征暗示,嘎波是喜马拉雅稀有金属成矿的潜力地区之一。

关键词: 喜马拉雅成矿带, 嘎波, 伟晶岩型锂矿, 找矿方法, 深部背景

Abstract:

Lithium, as an important strategic rare-metal resource, has been highly valued and plays an important role in aerospace, atomic energy and other fields. The Gabo lithium deposit is located in Luozha County, Tibet, adjacent to the Lalong dome in the north and the Kulagangri dome in the south. It is a newly discovered pegmatite lithium deposit in the Himalayan metallogenic belt. In the mining district, many gently-dipping spodumene-bearing pegmatite veins are developed along the detachment zone, in marble-intercalated schist strata of the detachment system, showing a close spatial relationship between lithium mineralization and the detachment zone and marble. In this paper, prospecting methods including high-density electric resistivity survey, radioactive survey and audio-frequency magnetotelluric sounding are investigated. The Gabo lithium pegmatite is characterized by high resistivity, low polarization and low gravity anomaly, without obvious radioactive anomaly. The spatial relationships between the Gabo pegmatite, the lower detachment fault, and granites in dome cores are determined by audio magnetotelluric and high-density resistivity surveys. Satellite gravity and magnetotelluric data show that the Gaibo lithium deposit is located near a north-south fault or rift valley, and its formation may be related to deep conductive layers and large-scale magma differentiation and crystallization. Its spatial structure and deep geological characteristics suggest that Gaibo is one of the potential areas for rare-metal mineralization in the Himalayas.

Key words: Himalayan metallogenic belt, Gabo, pegmatite lithium deposit, prospecting method, deep geological setting

中图分类号: