浅覆盖区隐伏萤石矿找矿预测:以内蒙古赤峰俄力木台为例

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.1.7

地学前缘 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 208-220.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.1.7

• 三维地质建模与隐伏矿预测评价 • 上一篇下一篇

浅覆盖区隐伏萤石矿找矿预测:以内蒙古赤峰俄力木台为例

唐利¹(), 张寿庭¹^,^*(), 王亮¹, 裴秋明², 方乙³, 曹华文⁴, 邹灏⁵, 尹少波¹^,⁶

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 四川成都 611756
3.西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 四川成都 610500
4.中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081
5.成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川成都 610059
6.淮矿西部煤矿投资管理有限责任公司, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000

收稿日期:2021-01-02 修回日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-05-23
通讯作者: 张寿庭
作者简介:唐利(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事固体矿产资源勘查评价方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail: ltang@cugb.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2652019191);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2652019047)

Exploration of concealed fluorite deposit in shallow overburden areas: A case study in Elimutai, Inner Mongolia, China

TANG Li¹(), ZHANG Shouting¹^,^*(), WANG Liang¹, PEI Qiuming², FANG Yi³, CAO Huawen⁴, ZOU Hao⁵, YIN Shaobo¹^,⁶

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Faculty of Geosciences and Environment Engineering, South West Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
4. Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
5. School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
6. Huai Mine West Mine Investment Management Co, Ltd., Ordos 017000, China

Received:2021-01-02 Revised:2021-01-21 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-05-23
Contact: ZHANG Shouting

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

内蒙古赤峰地区发育一系列受断裂控制的热液脉型萤石矿床,区内成矿地质条件优越,找矿潜力较大。本文利用地质特征-地球物理-地球化学-遥感解译(地-物-化-遥)综合找矿方法进行浅覆盖区萤石矿体的定位预测研究,对寻找隐伏矿床和探寻萤石接替资源具有重要意义。俄力木台地区是林西水头萤石成矿带的南段延伸,第四系覆盖严重,是开展浅覆盖区隐伏矿体找矿预测方法实践的理想地区。研究区域的萤石矿体在垂向上呈现分带特征,自上而下分为硅质顶盖、头部矿体、中部矿体和尾部矿体4部分。俄力木台地区的硅质顶盖露头以发育强硅化角砾岩、次生石英岩和石英网脉带为特征,头部矿体露头见萤石粗脉体产出,二者矿化露头的高差30~50 m。WorldView-2遥感影像揭示俄力木台地区含矿断裂带的空间展布与线性变化特征,矿化带中-北段呈近SN向,南段主要呈NNE-NE向。地-物-化综合剖面中矿化露头、甚低频低阻异常带、便携式X射线荧光分析土壤Ca元素高值异常带和土壤偏提取地球化学测量F元素高值异常带分布一致,该异常组合可作为本区含矿断裂带和隐伏萤石矿体的重要预测标志。结合甚低频电磁测量扫面,俄力木台断续出露的矿化蚀变带与SN向甚低频低阻异常带相吻合,预示该区可能发育隐伏-半隐伏萤石矿体。在俄力木台东段重点预测地带布置的钻孔见矿效果良好,目前揭露的部位为硅质顶盖、头部矿体或构造狭缩带,较高品位的萤石主矿体尚未揭露,其深部具有良好的资源潜力和找矿前景。

关键词: 地-物-化-遥找矿方法, 成矿预测, 隐伏萤石矿, 俄力木台, 内蒙古

Abstract:

The Chifeng area in Inner Mongolia, China possesses a series of fracture-hosted hydrothermal vein-type fluorite deposits and is considered having a superior economic mineralization potential. In this study, we present an integrated prospecting approach integrating geological, geophysical, geochemical, and remote sensing techniques for exploration of concealed fluorite deposit in shallow overburden areas. The study area in Elimutai in the southern extension of the Shuitou fluorite belt, covered widely by Quarternary sediments, is ideal for such exploration. The fluorite orebodies in the study area show vertical zonation with, from top to bottom, distributions of silicified cap and head, main, and tail orebodies. The silicified cap in Elimutai is characterized by highly silicified breccia, secondary quartzite and quartz stockwork, whereas the head orebody contains fluorite vein. The outcrop of silicified cap is 30-50 m higher in latitude than the head orebody. The WorldView-2 remote sensing image reveals a linear distribution of ore-controlling fractures in the SN-striking northern/central segment and NNE-NE-striking southern segment. The results show the overlapping of mineralized outcrop, low-resistivity anomaly zone (by very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) analysis), positive Ca anomaly zone (by portable X-ray fluorescence (PXF) analysis), and positive F anomaly zone (by partial extraction geochemistry (PEG) analysis). The multi-anomalies can be used as indicator for the exploration and prediction of ore-controlling fractures and concealed fluorite orebody. In combination with VLF-EM mapping, the mineralized and altered outcrop zone overlaps with the SN-trending VLF low-resistivity anomaly zone, indicating the mineralization potential of the Elimutai area for concealed and semi-concealed fluorite. At the key prediction zone in Elimutai, the drill cores reveals the concealed fluorite ore well, exposing silicified cap, head orebody or narrow fractures. The overall evidence suggests that the deeper level of Elimutai is highly likely to contain the economically significant main fluorite orebody.

Key words: geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing prospecting techniques, mineral resource prediction, concealed fluorite deposit, Elimutai, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

P62
P619.215

唐利, 张寿庭, 王亮, 裴秋明, 方乙, 曹华文, 邹灏, 尹少波. 浅覆盖区隐伏萤石矿找矿预测:以内蒙古赤峰俄力木台为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(3): 208-220.

TANG Li, ZHANG Shouting, WANG Liang, PEI Qiuming, FANG Yi, CAO Huawen, ZOU Hao, YIN Shaobo. Exploration of concealed fluorite deposit in shallow overburden areas: A case study in Elimutai, Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(3): 208-220.

图/表 11

图1 (a)大兴安岭南段地质简图;(b)内蒙古林西水头萤石成矿带地质图(据文献[3]修改)

Fig.1 (a) Simplified geological map of the southern Great Xing’an Range, and (b) geological map of the Shuitou fluorite belt in Linxi, Inner Mongolia. Modified after [3].

图2 俄力木台地质概况及勘探线布置图

Fig.2 Geological map of Elimutai showing the prospecting lines

图3 俄力木台矿化地质特征 a,b—1号矿化露头;c,d—2号矿化露头;e,f—3号矿化露头;g,h—4号矿化露头;i—5号矿化露头。

Fig.3 Representative field photos of the Elimutai area, featuring outcrops

图4 俄力木台地区WorldView-2遥感影像图

Fig.4 WorldView-2 remote sensing image of the Elimutai area

表1 林西地区岩矿石物性特征

Table 1 Physical properties of fluorite ore and wall rocks in the Linxi area

采样地点	岩性描述	样本数	密度/(g·cm^-3)	电阻率/(Ω·m)	极化率/%	磁性/(10^-5SI)
宝山	岩体内含萤石石英脉	2	2.38	2 909	8.44	10.0
水头南	石英脉	10	2.20	6 567	3.47	13.5
水头北	燧石角砾岩、石英脉	4	2.28	5 187	2.99
马岱沟	含矿带石英脉	2	2.04			5.0
宝山	白色结晶硅质岩	6	2.11	7 072	1.04
水头南	富萤石矿石	4	2.55	13 049	0.90
水头北	萤石矿石	8	2.52	1 264	1.59
马岱沟	角砾状矿石	1	2.29	778	6.11	65.0
马岱沟	萤石矿石	1	2.54	632	0.98
宝山	粗晶富矿石	5	2.50	3 824	4.01
宝山	绿帘石化中粗粒花岗岩	5	2.08	1 373	2.55	147
宝山	中粗粒花岗岩	6	2.07	975	5.20	272
马岱沟	半风化花岗岩	1	2.05			320
水头南	强硅化流纹斑岩	8	2.06	996	3.25	194
水头北	变砂岩	2	2.70	780	2.53	1 033
水头北	黑色碳质板岩	2	2.57	130	65.7	1 448

图5 俄力木台地区甚低频低阻异常平面分布图(据文献[52]修改)

Fig.5 Planar mapping of low-resistivity anomaly zones by very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) measurements. Modified after [52].

图6 俄力木台10号勘探线物化探综合异常剖面图

Fig.6 Composite diagram showing, from top, F, Ca and low-resistivity anomaly profiles along the #10 prospecting line of Elimutai

图7 俄力木台20号勘探线物化探综合异常剖面图

Fig.7 Composite diagram showing, from top, F, Ca, and low-resistivity anomaly profiles along the #20 prospecting line of Elimutai

图8 热液裂隙充填型脉状萤石矿体垂向分带示意图(据文献[57]修改)

Fig.8 Vertical zonation model of fracture-hosted hydrothermal vein type fluorite orebody (modified after [57])

图9 俄力木台预测区物化探综合异常图

Fig.9 Superposition of geophysical (low-resistivity) and geochemical (F, Ca) anomaly measurements in the prediction zone of Elimutai

图10 俄力木台重点预测地带钻孔揭露的萤石矿化特征

Fig.10 Examples of fluorite orebodies from the Elimutai drill core

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浅覆盖区隐伏萤石矿找矿预测:以内蒙古赤峰俄力木台为例

Exploration of concealed fluorite deposit in shallow overburden areas: A case study in Elimutai, Inner Mongolia, China

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