黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩有机质富集及有机质孔隙发育机制研究

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.5.35

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 101-109.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.5.35

黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩有机质富集及有机质孔隙发育机制研究

吴陈君¹(), 刘新社², 文志刚¹, 妥进才³^,^*()

1.油气地球化学与环境湖北省重点实验室(长江大学资源与环境学院), 湖北武汉 430100
2.中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 陕西西安 710018
3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2022-01-05 修回日期:2022-03-27 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-04-27
通信作者: *妥进才(1962—),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事页岩油气和有机地球化学研究工作。E-mail: jctuo@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:吴陈君(1988—),男,讲师,硕士生导师,主要从事非常规油气地球化学和储层研究工作。E-mail: wcj627@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国南方寒武系页岩有机质、流体和孔隙演化耦合机制研究”(41730421)

Mechanism of organic matter enrichment and organic pore development in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales in northern Guizhou

WU Chenjun¹(), LIU Xinshe², WEN Zhigang¹, TUO Jincai³^,^*()

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment (Yangtze University), Wuhan 430100, China
2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield, Xi’an 710018, China
3. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2022-01-05 Revised:2022-03-27 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-04-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于上扬子黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组典型钻孔剖面,通过对代表性样品TOC含量、矿物组成、主量元素、微量元素、孔隙特征等测试分析,对黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩有机质特征、沉积环境以及孔隙发育机制开展了系统研究,为黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩气的勘探提供参考。黔北地区牛蹄塘组中、下段发育富有机质页岩,TOC含量平均值为2.53%,TOC含量大于2.0%的富有机质页岩累积厚度约80 m。对氧化-还原环境敏感参数U/Th、Mo/Al和U/Al的研究表明,富有机质页岩形成于强还原性的沉积环境。牛蹄塘组中段富含黏土矿物的中等TOC含量页岩段较底部贫黏土矿物的高TOC含量页岩段孔体积和孔比表面积更高,有机质孔发育更好,可能与剖面下段排烃效率较高有关。富含黏土矿物的中等TOC含量页岩黏土矿物粒间孔较为发育,为生烃期原油或者运移沥青提供了一定的储集空间,并在更高热演化条件下二次裂解成气产生有机质孔。牛蹄塘组中段中等TOC含量页岩段较底部的高TOC含量页岩段为更有利的页岩气富集层段。

关键词: 黔北地区, 牛蹄塘组, 富有机质页岩, 有机质丰度, 古氧化-还原条件, 孔隙特征

Abstract:

Based on the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation profile from a cored well in the northern Guizhou area of the Upper Yangtze region, the organic matter characteristics, sedimentary environment and pore development mechanism of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang organic-rich shales were systematically studied by measuring organic carbon contents, mineral compositions, major and trace elements in and pore characteristics of typical shale samples. Organic-rich shales are well developed in the middle and lower parts of the Niutitang Formation, with the total organic carbon content (TOC abundance) ranging from 0.36% to 6.67%, or 2.53% on average. The organic-rich shale layer with TOC abundance greater than 2.0% has an overall thickness of about 80 m, and are formed in a strong reductive sedimentary environment according to the U/Th, Mo/Al and U/Al ratios. The pore volume and pore specific surface area in clay-rich shales with medium level TOC in the middle Niutitang Formation are higher than those in clay-poor shales with high TOC content in the bottom section. Intraparticle pores within clay aggregates are well-developed in clay-rich shales with medium level TOC in the middle Niutitang Formation, providing reservoir space for crude oil or asphalt migration during hydrocarbon generation. Abundant organic matter pores are formed by secondary oil cracking under higher temperature conditions during thermal evolution. The clay-rich shale layer with medium level TOC in the middle Niutitang Formation is more favorable for shale gas enrichment compared to the bottom high-TOC shale layer.

Key words: northern Guizhou, Niutitang Formation, organic-rich shale, organic matter abundance, paleoredox conditions, pore characteristics

中图分类号:

P618.130.1

吴陈君, 刘新社, 文志刚, 妥进才. 黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩有机质富集及有机质孔隙发育机制研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 101-109.

WU Chenjun, LIU Xinshe, WEN Zhigang, TUO Jincai. Mechanism of organic matter enrichment and organic pore development in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales in northern Guizhou[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(3): 101-109.

图/表 6

图1 上扬子地区牛蹄塘组页岩厚度等值线图(据文献[8]修改)

Fig.1 Distribution of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang organic-rich shales in the Upper Yangtze region. Modified from [8].

图2 牛蹄塘组页岩地球化学参数垂向上分布特征

Fig.2 Vertical changes of selected geochemical parameters for the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales in the studied well

图3 牛蹄塘组页岩岩相划分三角图

Fig.3 Ternary discrimination diagram for the mineralogical constituents of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales

图4 牛蹄塘组页岩氧化-还原参数V/Cr-Ni/Co(a)、U/Th-Ni/Co(b)

Fig.4 Cross plots of V/Cr vs. Ni/Co (a) and U/Th vs. Ni/Co (b) for the Niutitang shales

图5 牛蹄塘组页岩U/Th-TOC含量(a)、Mo/Al-TOC含量交会图(b)

Fig.5 Cross plots of TOC abundance vs. U/Th (a) and Mo/Al (b) for the Niutitang shales

图6 黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩扫描电镜微观孔隙特征 a—深度333.5 m,TOC含量3.66%,黏土含量34%;b—深度342.3 m,TOC含量2.11%,黏土含量33%;c—深度345.4 m,TOC含量5.61%,黏土含量26%;d—深度347.7 m,TOC含量6.67%,黏土含量23%;e—深度356.4 m,TOC含量3.49%,黏土含量34%;f—深度377.6 m,TOC含量2.4%,黏土含量36%;g—深度382.4 m,TOC含量3.62%,黏土含量31%;h—深度397.2 m,TOC含量2.1%,黏土含量27%;i—深度406.4 m,TOC含量6.6%,黏土含量27%。

Fig.6 SEM images showing pore characteristics of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales

参考文献 36

[1]	肖贤明, 宋之光, 朱炎铭, 等. 北美页岩气研究及对我国下古生界页岩气开发的启示[J]. 煤炭学报, 2013, 38(5): 721-727.
[2]	邹才能, 赵群, 董大忠, 等. 页岩气基本特征、主要挑战与未来前景[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(12): 1781-1796.
[3]	王玉芳, 冷济高, 李鹏, 等. 黔东北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气特征及主控因素分析[J]. 古地理学报, 2016, 18(4): 605-614.
[4]	赵文智, 李建忠, 杨涛, 等. 中国南方海相页岩气成藏差异性比较与意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(4): 499-510. DOI
[5]	翟刚毅, 包书景, 王玉芳, 等. 古隆起边缘成藏模式与湖北宜昌页岩气重大发现[J]. 地球学报, 2017, 38(4): 441-447.
[6]	张同伟, 张亚军, 贾敏, 等. 中国南方寒武系海相页岩含气性主控因素的科学问题[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2018, 37(4): 572-579, 794.
[7]	姜振学, 宋岩, 唐相路, 等. 中国南方海相页岩气差异富集的控制因素[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020, 47(3): 617-628. DOI
[8]	梁狄刚, 郭彤楼, 陈建平, 等. 中国南方海相生烃成藏研究的若干新进展(一): 南方四套区域性海相烃源岩的分布[J]. 海相油气地质, 2008, 13(2): 1-16.
[9]	李贤庆, 王哲, 郭曼, 等. 黔北地区下古生界页岩气储层孔隙结构特征[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2016, 45(6): 1172-1183.
[10]	郭旭升, 胡东风, 文治东, 等. 四川盆地及周缘下古生界海相页岩气富集高产主控因素: 以焦石坝地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 中国地质, 2014, 41(3): 893-901.
[11]	邱振, 邹才能. 非常规油气沉积学:内涵与展望[J]. 沉积学报, 2020, 38(1): 1-29.
[12]	王志刚. 涪陵页岩气勘探开发重大突破与启示[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(1): 1-6.
[13]	腾格尔, 刘文汇, 徐永昌, 等. 高演化海相碳酸盐烃源岩地球化学综合判识: 以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2006(2): 167-176.
[14]	HATCH J R, LEVENTHAL J S. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, USA[J]. Chemical Geology, 1992, 99(1/2/3): 65-82. DOI URL
[15]	JONES B, MANNING D A C. Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones[J]. Chemical Geology, 1994, 111(1/2/3/4): 111-129. DOI URL
[16]	ALGEO T J, LIU J S. A re-assessment of elemental proxies for palaeoredox analysis[J]. Chemical Geology, 2020, 540: 119549. DOI URL
[17]	TRIBOVILLARD N, ALGEO T J, BAUDIN F, et al. Analysis of marine environmental conditions based on molybdenum-uranium covariation: applications to Mesozoic paleoceanography[J]. Chemical Geology, 2012, 324/325: 46-58. DOI URL
[18]	ALGEO T J, LYONS T W. Mo-total organic carbon covariation in modern anoxic marine environments: implications for analysis of paleoredox and paleohydrographic conditions[J]. Paleoceanography, 2006, 21(1): PA1016.
[19]	JIANG S Y, ZHAO H X, CHEN Y Q, et al. Trace and rare earth element geochemistry of phosphate nodules from the lower Cambrian black shale sequence in the Mufu Mountain of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China[J]. Chemical Geology, 2007, 244(3/4): 584-604. DOI URL
[20]	WU C J, ZHANG L F, ZHANG T W, et al. Reconstruction of paleoceanic redox conditions of the lower Cambrian Niutitang shales in northern Guizhou, Upper Yangtze region[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2020, 538: 109457. DOI URL
[21]	ZHANG J P, FAN T L, ALGEO T J, et al. Paleomarine environments of the early Cambrian Yangtze platform[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2016, 443: 66-79. DOI URL
[22]	LIU K, FENG Q L, SHEN J, et al. Increased productivity as a primary driver of marine anoxia in the Lower Cambrian[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2018, 491: 1-9. DOI URL
[23]	LOUCKS R G, REED R M, RUPPEL S C, et al. Spectrum of pore types and networks in mud rocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mud rock pores[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2012, 96(6): 1071-1098. DOI URL
[24]	CURTIS M E, CARDOTT B J, SONDERGELD C H, et al. Development of organic porosity in the Woodford Shale with increasing thermal maturity[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2012, 103: 26-31. DOI URL
[25]	陈尚斌, 朱炎铭, 王红岩, 等. 川南龙马溪组页岩气储层纳米孔隙结构特征及其成藏意义[J]. 煤炭学报, 2012, 37(3): 438-444.
[26]	TIAN H, PAN L, XIAO X M, et al. A preliminary study on the pore characterization of Lower Silurian black shales in the Chuandong Thrust Fold Belt, southwestern China using low pressure N₂ adsorption and FE-SEM methods[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2013, 48: 8-19. DOI URL
[27]	HU H Y, ZHANG T W, WIGGINS-CAMACHO J D, et al. Experimental investigation of changes in methane adsorption of bitumen-free Woodford Shale with thermal maturation induced by hydrous pyrolysis[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2015, 59: 114-128. DOI URL
[28]	KATZ B J, ARANGO I. Organic porosity: a geochemist’s view of the current state of understanding[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2018, 123: 1-16. DOI URL
[29]	KO L T, LOUCKS R G, ZHANG T W, et al. Pore and pore network evolution of Upper Cretaceous Boquillas (Eagle Ford-equivalent) mudrocks: results from gold tube pyrolysis experiments[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2016, 100(11): 1693-1722. DOI URL
[30]	ZOU C N, ZHU R K, CHEN Z Q, et al. Organic-matter-rich shales of China[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2019, 189: 51-78. DOI
[31]	MA Y, ARDAKANI O H, ZHONG N N, et al. Possible pore structure deformation effects on the shale gas enrichment: an example from the Lower Cambrian shales of the Eastern Upper Yangtze Platform, South China[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2020, 217: 103349. DOI URL
[32]	汪泽成, 姜华, 王铜山, 等. 四川盆地桐湾期古地貌特征及成藏意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2014, 41(3): 305-312.
[33]	马子杰. 上扬子地区寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩有机质孔隙发育特征及主控因素[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2021.
[34]	李海, 刘安, 罗胜元, 等. 鄂西宜昌地区寒武系页岩孔隙结构特征及发育主控因素[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2018, 25(6): 16-23.
[35]	吴晓智, 柳庄小雪, 王建, 等. 我国油气资源潜力、分布及重点勘探领域[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(6): 146-155. DOI
[36]	徐旭辉, 陆建林, 王保华, 等. 中国海相盆地油气资源动态评价与有利勘探方向[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(6): 73-83. DOI

黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩有机质富集及有机质孔隙发育机制研究

Mechanism of organic matter enrichment and organic pore development in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang shales in northern Guizhou

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 36

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	邬忠虎, 孟祥瑞, 蓝宝锋, 刘敬寿, 巩磊, 杨玉翰. 基于CT试验的黔北凤冈地区牛蹄塘组含方解石脉页岩的力学行为研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(5): 117-129.
[2]	罗欢, 邵德勇, 孟康, 张瑜, 宋辉, 闫建萍, 张同伟. 鄂西宜昌地区寒武系页岩过剩钡成因及其对有机质富集的指示[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 66-82.
[3]	肖雪薇, 陈红汉, 刘秀岩, 彭中勤, 李培军, 王保忠. 湘西吉首斜坡带下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成气过程的流体包裹体证据:以湘吉地1井为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 181-194.
[4]	刘秀岩, 陈红汉, 肖雪薇, 李培军, 王保忠. 页岩气成气过程的流体包裹体证据——以重庆秀山剖面下寒武统牛蹄塘组为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 165-180.
[5]	马子杰, 唐玄, 张金川, 翟刚毅, 王玉芳, 梁国栋, 罗欢. 上扬子地区寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩有机质孔隙发育特征及主控因素[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 124-137.
[6]	唐玄, 郑逢赞, 梁国栋, 马子杰, 张家政, 王玉芳, 张同伟. 黔北寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩孔隙分形表征[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(3): 110-123.
[7]	陆太进, 戴慧, 田庚凡, 李克, 张健, 陈华, 柯捷. 基于气体吸附法和X射线Micro-CT三维成像技术定量解析天然和电化学处理绿松石孔隙特征[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(5): 247-253.
[8]	曾维特，丁文龙，张金川，李玉喜，王濡岳，久凯. 渝东南—黔北地区牛蹄塘组页岩微纳米级孔隙发育特征及主控因素分析 [J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26(3): 220-235.
[9]	陈江湛，曹函，孙平贺. 湘西北牛蹄塘组页岩可压裂性评价[J]. 地学前缘, 2017, 24(6): 390-398.
[10]	黄金亮,董大忠,李建忠,胡俊文,王玉满,李登华,王淑芳. 陆相页岩储层特征及其影响因素：以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组页岩为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(2): 158-166.
[11]	耳闯, 罗安湘, 赵靖舟, 张忠义, 白玉彬, 程党性, 吴伟涛, 魏之焜, 张杰. 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区三叠系延长组长7段富有机质页岩岩相特征[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(2): 108-117.
[12]	冷济高, 龚大建, 李飞, 李鹏. 黔东北地区牛蹄塘组页岩气勘探前景分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(2): 29-38.
[13]	王玉满，王淑芳，董大忠. 川南下志留统龙马溪组页岩岩相表征[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(1): 119-133.
[14]	曾维特，丁文龙，张金川. 渝东南黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝有效性研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(1): 96-106.
[15]	王濡岳，龚大建，丁文龙，冷济高. 上扬子地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层脆性评价：以贵州岑巩区块为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(1): 87-95.