Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 181-201.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.9.5

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Archaeological discoveries and research on the remains of an ancient flood event at the Majie Site in the Chengdu Plain

ZHU Cheng1(), XU Jiajia1, HUANG Ming2, YANG Zhanfeng2, ZHANG Na1, JIANG Zhanghua2, BAI Tieyong2, LU Fuzhi1   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Marine Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    2. Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2020-05-21 Revised:2020-07-28 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-03

Abstract:

We investigated an ancient flood event at the Majie site in Pixian County, Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The Majie site, first discovered in May, 2014, is located at 30°55'37.1″ N, 103°55'39″ E and has an elevation of 499.758 m. In the 2014CPMT1-T2 excavation section, we found ancient relics of an underground tree root system, a canoe brought by scouring, and nine tree trunks. The ancient tree relics were mainly ancient Chinese autumn maple (Bischafia javanica). Most of the woody sediments were deposited along the NW-NE-SW plane, indicating they were washed mainly from the direction of the Dujiangyan area of northwestern Pixian County. We determined the AMS14C ages of three tree trunks and a wood rafter to be (2420±70)-(2566±78) a BP. Since the Dujiangyan irrigation system was built by the Warring States period official Li Bing in 256 BC, the woody sediments at the Majie site should be the result of a southward ancient flooding of the Minjiang River in the Zhou Dynasty (1122-256 BC), before the construction of Dujiangyan. The results of zircon morphological identification and whole sectional analysis show that the morphological composition of zircon varied with burial depth, especially in the 2.6-2.4 ka BP detrital zircon populations, with larger proportion of round columnar zircon—evidence of long distance transport—and slightly smaller proportion of square biconical zircon, suggesting flooding events likely occurred during this period, and the detrital zircon had been transported to the Majie site area from afar.

Key words: Chengdu Plain, Majie Site, ancient flood event, archaeological remains, Baodun Culture

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