滇黔桂盆地早二叠世亚丁斯克期的沉积环境分异与䗴有孔虫响应

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

亚丁斯克期华南滇黔桂地区沉积环境分异明显,主要发育局限或半局限海台地沉积区、开阔海台地沉积区和台地边缘沉积区,不同沉积区䗴有孔虫动物群面貌也有所区别。本文详细研究了黔南地区的猴场打望剖面和惠水竹子冲剖面阿瑟尔期—亚丁斯克期的地层,在打望剖面识别出4个䗴类化石带,由老至新为Pseudoschwagerina beedei-Sphaeroschwagerina constans共存延限带、Staffella xiushuiensis-Eoparafusulina contracta富集带、Pseudofusulina ellipsoidalis富集带和Misellina subcycloidea间隔带。竹子冲剖面识别出3个化石带,由老至新为Pseudoschwagerina uddeni-Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica组合带、Eoparafusulina certa富集带和Staffella discoides延限带。对滇黔桂地区不同沉积相区剖面䗴类动物群以及沉积相特征的综合研究显示:开阔台地或台地边缘环境的䗴动物群以Pamirina为特征分子,同时还产出丰富的希瓦格䗴亚科(Schwagerininae)分子;局限或半局限台地环境的䗴类以史塔夫䗴亚科分子(Staffellininae)为主。沉积环境对䗴有孔虫的影响可能主要来自水动力、光照和氧气含量。个体较大、隔壁褶皱强烈的纺锤形希瓦格䗴亚科分子更适应水动力强、透光性好、氧气充足的水体;小个体、结构简单的史塔夫䗴亚科分子可在透光性差、含氧量较低的水体中生存。

关键词: 亚丁斯克期, 滇黔桂盆地, 䗴有孔虫, 生物地层, 古生态

Abstract:

During the Artinskian age of the Early Permian, the marine environment was diverse in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi junction area, namely the Dianqiangui Basin, in South China, where restricted or semi-restricted marine lagoon and open and marginal marine platforms have been recognized and distinct fusulinid fauna evolved. The current study is designed to pursue the relationships among different marine environments and fusulinids. Two carbonate sections, the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections in southern Guizhou, were studied in detail and described here for their Asselian to Artinskian strata. The Artinskian strata of the Dawang Section are mainly composed of sparite bioclastic and microcrystalline bioclastic limestones, indicating an open or marginal marine platform environment. Eighty-two fusulinid species belonging to 19 genera are recovered there, and four fusulinid biostratigraphic zones are recognized, including, in ascending order, the Pseudoschwagerina beedei-Sphaeroschwagerina constans concurrent range zone, the Staffella xiushuiensis-Eoparafusulina contracta abundance zone, the Pseudofusulina ellipsoidalis abundance zone, and the Misellina subcycloidea interval zone. In the Zhuzichong Section, calcareous mudstones were deposited during the Artinskian, suggesting a restricted or semi-restricted marine lagoon environment. Sixty-two fusulinid species belonging to 14 genera are found there and three fusulinid zones have been defined, ascendingly: the Pseudoschwagerina uddeni-Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica assemblage zone, the Eoparafusulina certa abundance zone, and the Staffella discoides range zone. Moreover, another section of this area, the Zongdi Section, was introduced for its Artinskian strata, as well as the Staffella-Pseudoendothyra assemblage zone recognized there. An extended cross-sectional study, covering sections featuring different types of marine environments in the Dianqiangui Basin, revealed the characteristics of fusulinid fauna that evolved there. During the Artinskian, Pamirina was the typical genus in the open or marginal marine platform along with thriving schwagerines, while staffellines developed abundantly in the restricted or semi-restricted environment. The main marine environmental factors affecting the fusulinid foraminifera included hydrodynamics and sunlight and oxygen, which could explain the fusulinid distributions in different marine environments. Fusulinids developed large fusiform tests and strong septa flutes, such as schwagerines, with small test surface-to-volume ratios, therefore are more suited for the open and marginal platform environments with strong waves, good sunlight, and sufficient oxygen. However, staffellines have small lenticular tests and simple inner structures with large test surface-to-volume ratios, which enabled their survival in restricted environments with less sunlight and low oxygen.

Key words: Artinskian, Dianqiangui Basin, fusulinid foraminifera, biostratigraphy, paleoecology

中图分类号:

P52
P534.4

黄明立, 田坤烜, 史宇坤. 滇黔桂盆地早二叠世亚丁斯克期的沉积环境分异与䗴有孔虫响应[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(6): 313-328.

HUANG Mingli, TIAN Kunxuan, SHI Yukun. Artinskian (Early Permian) marine environmental disparity and evolved fusulinid foranminifa in the Dianqiangui Basin, South China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(6): 313-328.

图/表 9

图1 华南亚丁斯克期古地理图 (据文献[16,31]修改)

Fig.1 Paleogeographic map of South China in the Artinskian.Modified after [16,31].

图2 黔南打望剖面和竹子冲剖面交通位置图

Fig.2 Geographical locations of the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections in southern Guizhou

图3 竹子冲剖面和打望剖面主要?类属种(Ⅰ) 1—Triticites piloncillosensis Dunbar[DWF-1-3]; 2—T.paramontiparus Mesopathys [ZZC-F44-2]; 3—Zellia chengkungensis Sheng [ZZC-F98-1]; 4, 5—Pseudoschwagerina beedei Dunbar and Skinner [ZZC-F85-9、DWF-8-8]; 6—P.heritschi Kahler and Kahler [ZZC-F84-6]; 7—P.tianshanensis Chang [ZZC-F69-3]; 8—P.robusta Thompson and Wheeler [DWF-19-6]; 9—Sphaeroschwagerina sphaerica Scherbovich [ZZC-F89-4]; 10—P.uddeni Beede and Kniker[ZZC-F74-3]; 11—Robustoschwagerina xiaodushanica Shen, Wang and Zhong [ZZC-F97-6]; 12—R.guangxiensis Yang [DWF-22-5]; 13—S.ciceroidea Rauser-Cernoussova and Beljaev [ZZC-F89-7]; 14—R.densa Yang and Hao [DWF-10-6]; 15—S.constans Scherbovich [DWF-1-10]; 16—S.pulchra Kahler and Kahler [DWF-1-7]。方括号[]内为薄片登记号,ZZC标本采自贵州惠水竹子冲剖面,DWF或DW标本采自贵州猴场打望剖面,样品均保存在南京大学地球科学与工程学院。

Fig.3 Fusulinids from the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections (Ⅰ)

图4 竹子冲剖面和打望剖面主要?类属种(Ⅱ) 1—Eoparafusulina bella Chen [DWF-42-7-2]; 2—Schwagerina primigena Nogami [ZZC-F68-9]; 3—S.aculeate Thompson and Hazzard [DWF-19-4]; 4—E.ovatoides Liu, Xiao and Dong [DWF-35-4]; 5—E.certa Skinner and Wilde [ZZC-F77-3]; 6—S.ishiie Igo [DWF-67-2]; 7—E.contracta Schellwien [DW22-3-14]; 8—E.pseudosimplex Chen [ZZC-F97-4]; 9—E.shengi Chang [DWF-17-1]; 10—Pseudofusulina ellipsoidalis Sheng [DW121m-5]; 11, 12—E.ovata Chang [DW23-2-2,ZZC-F90-3]; 13—E.markamensis Zhang [DWF-58-17]; 14—P.gallowayi Chen [ZZC-F66-3]; 15—P.kraffti Schellwien [DWF-49-7]; 16—P.postkraffti Leven [DWF-38-6]; 17—P.tastubensis Vissarionova [ZZC-F85-4]; 18—Quasifusulina compacta Lee [DWF-10-3]; 19—P.callosa Rauser-Cernoussova [ZZC-F88-7]。薄片登记号规则同图3。

Fig.4 Fusulinids from the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections (Ⅱ)

图5 竹子冲剖面和打望剖面主要?类属种(Ⅲ) 1—Schubertella kingi Dunbar and Skinner [ZZC-F96-1];2—Sc.giraudi Deprat [DWF-71-5];3—Pamirina nobilis Wang and Sun [DWF-45-5];4—Nankinella mingshanensis Sheng and Rui [ZJCⅡ-13-2];5—Pseudoendothyra jazvensis Grozdilova and Lebedeva [DWF-11-4-1];6—Staffella xiushuiensis Zhang [DWF-70-1];7, 8—St.concava Chen and Wang [ZZC-F90-10、DW28-2-9];9—St.yanshanensis Chen, Zhang, Yang and Wang [DWF-26-9];10—Pseudoendothyra bradyi Moller [ZZC-F90-2];11—Ps.wanwantouensis Chang [DWF-28-6];12—Cancellina sp.1 [ZJCⅡ-14-3];13—St.batangica Zhang [DWF-24-1];14—St.jiaogensis Zhang [DW28-2-12];15—St.ciryi Skinner and Wilde [ZJCⅡ-12-1];16—St.rabanalensis Van Ginkel [ZJCⅡ-11-6];17, 18—Misellina ovalis Deprat [DWF-72-4,ZJCⅡ-13-4]; 19—Misellina subcycloidea Ishizaki [DWF-52-2]; 20—St.discoides Lee [ZJCⅡ-11-6]; 21—Quasifusulina deshengensis Sheng [ZZC-F68-1]; 22—Rugosofusulina wenshanensis Chen, Zhang, Yang and Wang [ZZC-F94-3]; 23—R.prisa Moeller [ZZC-F64-1]; 24—R.bicornis Chang [ZZC-F88-3]; 25—R.serrata Rauser-Cernoussova [ZZC-F87-2]; 26—R.intermedia Suleimanov [DWF-16-14]; 27—R.latioralis Rauser-Cernoussova [ZZC-F95-2]。薄片登记号规则同图3,ZJCⅡ标本采自贵州惠水竹子冲剖面。

Fig.5 Fusulinids from the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections (Ⅲ)

图6 打望剖面?带及?化石物种延限

Fig.6 Biostratigraphic zones and species ranges of fusulinid fossils in the Dawang Section

图7 竹子冲剖面?带及?化石物种延限

Fig.7 Biostratigraphic zones and species ranges of fusulinid fossils in the Zhuzichong Section

表1 贵州打望剖面、竹子冲剖面与中国(华南)早二叠世?带对比(中国华南?带根据文献[13,21,45])

Table 1 Correlation of Early Permian fusulinid zones of the Dawang and Zhuzichong Sections in Guizhou and South China (Fusulinid zones in South China adapted from [13,21,45]).

表2 滇黔桂盆地亚丁斯克期?类动物群组成对比

Table 2 Comparison of fusulinid faunas in the Artinskian Stage in the Dianqiangui Basin

亚科	属	开阔海台地或台地边缘环境各剖面种数											局限或半局限海台地环境各剖面种数
亚科	属	贵州打望	云南小独山		贵州扁平		贵州猴场		贵州大营打拜		广西隆林常么		贵州宗地	贵州普安龙吟	贵州竹子冲	广西宜山马脑山	贵州盘县新塘	贵州盘县上平川
Kahlerininae	Pamirina	1		4		1		7		2		1
Schwagerininae	Schwagerina	2		4		4		3				7	15	4
	Pseudofusulina	9		4				2		2		9	18	16
	Eoparafusulina	3						1					1
	Chalaroschwagerina			3		2		1				1	1
	Rugosofusulina							1		1				1
	Parafusulina											3	2	1
Staffellininae	Staffella	5		2				1		2		1	3	2	4	1	1	1
	Nankinella														2			3
	Pseudoendothyra											1	2			4	1
Pseudoschwa- gerininae	Sphaeroschwagerina			1
	Robustoschwagerina												1	1
	Zellia							1									1	1
参考文献		本文		[30]		[42]		[29]		[42]		[49]	[32,54]	[55]	本文	[28]	[42][42]

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