黄河三角洲地区地下水水质成因研究:以山东省东营市孤岛镇为例

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.12.30

地学前缘 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 469-483.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.12.30

黄河三角洲地区地下水水质成因研究:以山东省东营市孤岛镇为例

王威¹(), 程行², 高旭波²^,^*(), 田振环¹^,^*(), 刘春华³, 武占辉², 李成城², 孔淑琼²

1.山东省第一地质矿产勘查院/富铁矿勘查开发技术山东省工程研究中心, 山东济南 250109
2.中国地质大学(武汉), 湖北武汉 430074
3.山东省地质调查院, 山东济南 250013

收稿日期:2023-10-12 修回日期:2023-12-05 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
通信作者: *高旭波(1975—),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事岩溶及地下水水资源与水环境污染防治工作。E-mail: xubo.gao.cug@gmail.com;田振环(1983—),男,正高级工程师,主要从事海洋地质调查和海洋矿产勘查工作。E-mail: tt266003@163.com
作者简介:王威(1981—),男,博士,正高级工程师,主要从事水文地质环境地质调查评价工作。E-mail: www86_0@126.com
基金资助:
山东省第一地质矿产勘查院开放基金项目(2020DW02);国家自然科学基金项目(42172288);国家自然科学基金项目(41877204);国家自然科学基金项目(62171435)

The genesis of groundwater chemistry in Yellow River Delta: A case study of Gudao Town, Dongying City, Shandong Province

WANG Wei¹(), CHENG Xing², GAO Xubo²^,^*(), TIAN Zhenhuan¹^,^*(), LIU Chunhua³, WU Zhanhui², LI Chengcheng², KONG Shuqiong²

1. No.1 Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province/Shandong Engineering Research Center for Iron-rich Ore Exploration and Exploitation Technology, Jinan 250109, China
2. China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3. Shandong Regional Geological Survey, Jinan 250013, China

Received:2023-10-12 Revised:2023-12-05 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄河三角洲是我国重要的战略经济区。查明区域地下水水质特征和成因机制对于科学利用地下水资源、保护三角洲生态环境健康具有重要意义。论文以黄河三角洲地区山东省东营市孤岛镇为工作区,通过野外水文地质调查、水文地球化学监测和室内分析测试,系统地揭示了研究区地下水水质和成因机制。研究表明:(1)黄河水、海水、地表水、微咸地下水和地下咸水与卤水的主要水化学类型分别为HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca、Cl-Na、Cl-Na、Cl·HCO₃-Na和Cl-Na型;(2)地表水和微咸水靠近硅酸盐端员,微咸水形成过程中主要发生了阳离子交换和硅酸盐岩溶解作用,同时受白云石和石膏溶解作用的影响,硅酸盐溶蚀起主导作用;(3)咸水主要受硅酸盐岩和蒸发岩溶蚀作用控制,卤水则主要受蒸发岩溶解作用影响,盐分来源均与海水入侵有关;(4)地下水中Cl^-的浓度分布大体趋势为从沿海区域向内陆逐渐降低,F^-的浓度分布大体趋势为从入海口位置往内陆延伸逐渐降低,Na⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺和SO₄^2-的离子浓度分布与TDS浓度(溶解性固体总量)的分布规律整体一致,上述离子组分主要来源于古海水和现代海水入侵作用,而NH₄⁺浓度的分布规律呈现相反的趋势,浓度变化主要受强烈人类活动影响。

关键词: 黄河三角洲, 地下水水化学, 水污染, 水文地球化学过程

Abstract:

The Yellow River Delta is a key strategic economic zone in China, making it crucial to understand the characteristics and genetic mechanisms of groundwater quality for the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources and the protection of ecological and environmental health. Focusing on Gudao Town in the Yellow River Delta, this study systematically investigates groundwater quality and its formation mechanisms through field hydrogeological surveys, hydrogeochemical monitoring, and laboratory analysis. The findings are as follows: (1)The main hydrochemical types of different waters in the study area are HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca (Yellow River water), Cl-Na (seawater), Cl-Na (surface water), Cl·HCO₃-Na (brackish groundwater), and Cl-Na (underground brackish water and brine).(2)Surface water and brackish groundwater are closely associated with silicate end members. The formation of brackish water is primarily influenced by cation exchange and the dissolution of silicate rocks, with dolomite and gypsum dissolution playing a dominant role. (3) Brackish water is mainly controlled by the dissolution of silicate and evaporite rocks, with its salinity primarily attributed to seawater intrusion. (4) The Cl^- concentration in groundwater decreases progressively from the coastal area to the inland, while F concentration decreases from the estuary to the inland. The distribution patterns of Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and SO₄^2- concentrations align with that of total dissolved solids (TDS), indicating that these elements are primarily derived from the intrusion of both ancient and modern seawater. Additionally, changes in NH₄⁺ concentrations are largely influenced by human activities.

Key words: Yellow River Delta, groundwater chemistry, water pollution, hydrogeochemical processes

中图分类号:

P641.3
X143

王威, 程行, 高旭波, 田振环, 刘春华, 武占辉, 李成城, 孔淑琼. 黄河三角洲地区地下水水质成因研究:以山东省东营市孤岛镇为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2025, 32(2): 469-483.

WANG Wei, CHENG Xing, GAO Xubo, TIAN Zhenhuan, LIU Chunhua, WU Zhanhui, LI Chengcheng, KONG Shuqiong. The genesis of groundwater chemistry in Yellow River Delta: A case study of Gudao Town, Dongying City, Shandong Province[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(2): 469-483.

图/表 14

图1 区域水文地质略图 1—浅层地下淡水(矿化度<2 g/L);2—浅层地下微咸水(矿化度2~3 g/L);3—浅层地下咸水(矿化度>3~50 g/L);4—浅层地下卤水(矿化度>50 g/L);5—海域;6—城区;7—黄河;8—改道前黄河河道;9—浅层地下水埋深等值线(单位为m)。

Fig.1 Regional hydrogeological map

图2 研究区采样点分布图 1—黄河水取样点;2—海水取样点;3—地表池沼水取样点;4—地下水取样点;5—海域;6—城区;7—黄河;8—改道前黄河河道;9—取样剖面。

Fig.2 Locations of groundwater samples in the study area

表1 黄河水、海水理化性质指标和水化学特征统计表

Table 1 Statistical table of physical and chemical properties indicators and hydrochemical characteristics of Yellow River water and seawater

类型	特征	pH	DO浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	Eh/ mV	EC/ (μS·cm^-1)	离子浓度/(mg·L^-1)
类型	特征	pH	DO浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	Eh/ mV	EC/ (μS·cm^-1)	TDS	Na⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Ca²⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	HCO₃^-
黄河水	最大值	8.2	5.9	184.0	1 162.0	770	121	7.7	41	72	100	151	668
	最小值	7.9	4.5	72.0	691.0	566	100	4.8	28	54	35	119	387
	平均值	8.1	5.2	109.3	897.7	672	108	5.9	33	61	70	136	515
	标准差	0.1	0.6	52.8	196.6	84	9	1.3	5	8	27	13	116
海水	最大值	7.93	11.15	172.5	41 500	29 513	9 246	316	1 120	279	16 466	2 147	266
	最小值	7.90	10.78	154.9	41 300	29 323	8 964	304	1 100	266	15 989	2 123	250
	平均值	7.92	11.00	164.0	41 400	29 418	9 105	310	1 110	272	16 228	2 135	258
	标准差	0.015	0.185	8.8	100	94.64	140.82	5.84	10.26	6.58	238.30	12.03	7.82

图3 研究区池沼水水化学特征统计图

Fig.3 Statistical diagram of hydrochemical characteristics of pond and marsh water in the study area

图4 研究区沿剖面地下水水化学特征统计图

Fig.4 Statistical diagram of groundwater hydrochemical characteristics along the profile in the study area

图5 剖面A-A'水化学特征变化

Fig.5 Variations of hydrochemical characteristics along profile A-A'

图6 剖面B-B'水化学特征变化

Fig.6 Variations of hydrochemical characteristics along profile B-B'

图7 研究区所有样品的Piper三线图

Fig.7 Piper trilinear diagram of all samples in the study area

图8 研究区主要离子组分分布图

Fig.8 Contour map of major ion components in the study area

图9 吉布斯图反映的研究区地下水主要水化学作用

Fig.9 Major hydrochemical reactions of groundwater in the study area as reflected by Gibbs diagrams

图10 三端员图反映的研究区主要水化学作用

Fig.10 Major hydrochemical reactions in the study area as reflected by ternary diagrams

图11 [(Ca2++ Mg2+)-(SO42-+HCO3-)]-(Na++K+-Cl-)离子比例关系图

Fig.11 Ion ratio relation diagram of [(Ca2++Mg2+)-(SO42-+HCO3-)]-(Na++K+-Cl-)

图12 地下水主量离子化学计量关系散点图

Fig.12 Scatter plots of chemometric relationships of major ions in groundwater

图13 研究区地下水水化学及污染途径示意图

Fig.13 Sketch map of groundwater hydrochemistry and contamination patterns in the study area

参考文献 32

[1]	DAS K, MUKHERJEE A. Depth-dependent groundwater response to coastal hydrodynamics in the tropical, Ganges river mega-delta front (the Sundarbans): impact of hydraulic connectivity on drinking water vulnerability[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2019, 575: 499-512.
[2]	KIM J H, KIM K H, THAO N T, et al. Hydrochemical assessment of freshening saline groundwater using multiple end-members mixing modeling: a study of Red River Delta aquifer, Vietnam[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2017, 549: 703-714.
[3]	王杨君, 尹太举, 邓智浩, 等. 水动力数值模拟的河控三角洲分支河道演化研究[J]. 地质科技情报, 2016, 35(1): 44-52.
[4]	张玉贤, 甘义群, 周肖瑜, 等. 微生物参与下高氟区沉积物中氟的迁移行为[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(3): 228-235.
[5]	王聪, 梁杏, 李静. 唐山曹妃甸浅层水咸化机制及反向模拟[J]. 地质科技情报, 2012, 31(3): 104-108, 115.
[6]	王诚楠, 张伟东, 王雪峰, 等. 沿海区土壤线虫对海水入侵土壤盐渍化的响应[J]. 土壤学报, 2015, 52(5): 1135-1143.
[7]	XIA C C, LIU G D, MENG Y C, et al. Reveal the threat of water quality risks in Yellow River Delta based on evidences from isotopic and hydrochemical analyses[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2022, 177: 113532.
[8]	ZHOU L, ZHENG S S, CHEN D, et al. Hydrogeochemistry of fluoride in shallow groundwater of the abandoned Yellow River Delta, China[J]. Hydrology Research, 2021, 52(2): 572-584.
[9]	GUO B, LIU Y F, FAN J F, et al. The salinization process and its response to the combined processes of climate change-human activity in the Yellow River Delta between 1984 and 2022[J]. Catena, 2023, 231: 107301.
[10]	ZHI C S, CAO W G, WANG Z, et al. Genesis of As in the groundwater with extremely high salinity in the Yellow River Delta, China[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2022, 139: 105229.
[11]	YU M, LI Y Z, ZHANG K, et al. Studies on the dynamic boundary of the fresh-salt water interaction zone of estuary wetland in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2023, 188: 106893.
[12]	李绪兴, 闫肖瑶, 罗静, 等. 东营市黄河三角洲水环境治理现状与对策建议[J]. 中国水利, 2022(7): 82-85.
[13]	袁西龙, 李清平, 贾永山, 等. 黄河三角洲生态地质环境演化及其原因探索[J]. 地质调查与研究, 2008, 31(3): 229-235.
[14]	张效龙, 孙永福, 刘敦武. 黄河三角洲地区地下水分析[J]. 海洋地质动态, 2005, 21(6): 26-28.
[15]	安乐生, 赵全升, 叶思源, 等. 黄河三角洲浅层地下水化学特征及形成作用[J]. 环境科学, 2012, 33(2): 370-378.
[16]	曹建荣, 徐兴永, 于洪军, 等. 黄河三角洲浅层地下水化学特征与演化[J]. 海洋科学, 2014, 38(12): 78-85.
[17]	彭俊, 陈沈良. 近60年黄河水沙变化过程及其对三角洲的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(11): 1353-1362.
[18]	乔淑卿, 石学法. 黄河三角洲沉积特征和演化研究现状及展望[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2010, 28(3): 408-416.
[19]	安永会, 张福存, 姚秀菊. 黄河三角洲水土盐形成演化与分布特征[J]. 地球与环境, 2006, 34(3): 65-70.
[20]	LIU Q, FANG Z L, SHI Z, et al. Flow-sediment regulation regime influencing mobilization of trace metals in shallow aquifer and surface water in the Yellow River Delta, China[J]. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2021, 27(7): 1883-1901.
[21]	薛春汀, 周永青, 朱雄华. 晚更新世末至公元前7世纪的黄河流向和黄河三角洲[J]. 海洋学报, 2004, 26(1): 48-61.
[22]	姚秀菊, 王洪德, 张福存, 等. 黄河三角洲地区地下淡水(微咸水)的形成与演化[J]. 地球学报, 2002, 23(4): 375-378.
[23]	熊贵耀. 基于水化学和地球物理方法的莱州湾南岸咸水入侵研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2020: 1-94.
[24]	LI C C, GAO X B, LIU Y S, et al. Impact of anthropogenic activities on the enrichment of fluoride and salinity in groundwater in the Yuncheng Basin constrained by Cl/Br ratio, δ¹⁸O, δ²H, δ¹³C and δ⁷Li isotopes[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2019, 579: 124211.
[25]	GAO X B, LUO W T, LUO X S, et al. Indigenous microbes induced fluoride release from aquifer sediments[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 252: 580-590. DOI PMID
[26]	LUO W T, GAO X B, ZHANG X. Geochemical processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and fluoride contamination in the Yuncheng Basin, China: an area with complex hydrogeochemical conditions[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(7): e0199082.
[27]	LI C C, GAO X B, WANG Y X. Hydrogeochemistry of high-fluoride groundwater at Yuncheng Basin, northern China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 508: 155-165.
[28]	刘森. 莱州湾南岸地下咸水演化和咸水入侵过程机制研究[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学(武汉), 2018: 1-132.
[29]	韩汝杰, 李静, 李晓波. 莱州湾滨海平原沉积环境对古卤水盐分迁移能力的影响[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(5): 259-271.
[30]	薛佩佩, 文章, 梁杏. 地质统计学在含水层参数空间变异研究中的应用进展与发展趋势[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(1): 209-222.
[31]	WEN M Y, MA Z Q, GINGERICH D B, et al. Heavy metals in agricultural soil in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Eco-Environment and Health, 2022, 1(4): 219-228.
[32]	XU H Q, JIA Y, SUN Z D, et al. Environmental pollution, a hidden culprit for health issues[J]. Eco-Environment and Health, 2022, 1(1): 31-45.

黄河三角洲地区地下水水质成因研究:以山东省东营市孤岛镇为例

The genesis of groundwater chemistry in Yellow River Delta: A case study of Gudao Town, Dongying City, Shandong Province

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 14

参考文献 32

相关文章 7

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吕良华, 乔文静, 张晗, 叶淑君, 吴吉春, 王水, 蒋建东. 脱卤杆菌介导的厌氧微生物富集菌群对1,2,4-三氯苯的降解特性[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(2): 472-480.
[2]	张广禄, 刘海燕, 郭华明, 孙占学, 王振, 吴通航. 华北平原典型山前冲洪积扇高硝态氮地下水分布特征及健康风险评价[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(4): 485-503.
[3]	侯国华, 高茂生, 叶思源, 赵广明. 黄河三角洲浅层地下水盐分来源及咸化过程研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(3): 145-154.
[4]	李志红, 王广才, 蔡五田, 刘菲, 黄丹丹. 某Cr(Ⅵ)污染场地修复的PRB反应材料及结构设计研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(5): 186-196.
[5]	张小文, 何江涛, 黄冠星. 石家庄地区浅层地下水铁锰分布特征及影响因素分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(4): 206-218.
[6]	刘淑琴，张尚军，牛茂斐，余力. 煤炭地下气化技术及其应用前景[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(3): 97-102.
[7]	郭清海,王焰新. 典型新生代断陷盆地内孔隙地下水地球化学过程及其模拟：以山西太原盆地为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2014, 21(4): 83-90.