石家庄地区浅层地下水铁锰分布特征及影响因素分析

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.7.4

地学前缘 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 206-218.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.7.4

• 水生态、草地生态及污染土壤修复 • 上一篇下一篇

石家庄地区浅层地下水铁锰分布特征及影响因素分析

张小文¹(), 何江涛²^,^*(), 黄冠星³

1.四川省地质工程勘察院集团有限公司, 四川成都 610072
2.中国地质大学(北京) 水资源与环境学院水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室, 北京 100083
3.中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北石家庄 050061

收稿日期:2020-01-08 修回日期:2020-06-01 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-25
通讯作者: 何江涛
作者简介:张小文(1995—),男,助理工程师,主要从事水文地质、工程地质相关工作。E-mail: 1978165803@qq.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查局项目“太行山前松散含水层多源污染水质调查”(DD20160309)

Iron and manganese in shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang: Distribution characteristics and a cause analysis

ZHANG Xiaowen¹(), HE Jiangtao²^,^*(), HUANG Guanxing³

1. Sichuan Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610072, China
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3. Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

Received:2020-01-08 Revised:2020-06-01 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-25
Contact: HE Jiangtao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

铁锰离子作为石家庄地区浅层超Ⅲ类地下水的主要贡献指标,严重威胁着当地供水水质安全及居民身体健康。本文在资料收集和水文地质调查的基础上,通过对138组地下水水样的采集和分析,研究了地下水中铁锰的空间分布特征,考虑水文地质条件差异和地下水开采、地表污染输入等人为因素,分析铁锰分布成因,并进行多元回归建立了影响因子和铁锰问题之间的数理关系,确定了区内铁锰分布的主控因素。结果表明:研究区Fe、Mn质量浓度平均值分别为0.2和0.04 mg/L,超Ⅲ类水样点分别占总水样点的15.2%、5.8%。其低值点主要分布在冲洪积扇顶部单元、地下水降落漏斗区域,主要受地下水开采影响,超采区易形成氧化环境使低价铁锰被氧化成高价难溶铁锰化合物,导致了铁锰浓度降低。铁锰中值点主要分布于冲洪积扇中部单元,中部单元岩性变细、水力梯度变小、易形成还原环境是导致铁锰集中在中部单元的天然优势。高值点呈点状或带状分布于石家庄市区北部、正定县、灵寿县南部等局部地区,主要由地表污染输入所贡献,污染物输入导致了氧化还原和酸碱环境的改变,促进了铁锰的还原溶解,造成铁锰浓度的升高。

关键词: 石家庄, 铁锰, 地下水开采, 地下水污染, 水文地质条件

Abstract:

Iron and manganese ions, as the main indicator contributing to the sub-Class III classification of shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang, pose serious risks to local water safety and residents’ health. Here, based on previous researches and a new hydrogeological survey, 138 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of high Fe/Mn groundwater influenced by hydrogeological conditions as well as human factors, such as groundwater development and ground pollution input. Multivariate regression was used to establish the mathematical relationship between the influencing factors and high Fe/Mn presence, and to determine the main controlling factors for the Fe/Mn distribution in the area. The results showed that the average Fe and Mn concentrations in the study area were 0.2 and 0.04 mg/L, respectively, with 15.2% and 5.8% water samples being classified as sub-Class III, respectively. The low level Fe/Mn is mainly found in the top unit of the alluvial-proluvial fan and groundwater dropping funnel areas, impacted by groundwater mining. The over-mining area is liable to form an oxidizing environment, where low oxidation state Fe/Mn are oxidized to form insoluble Fe-Mn compounds resulting in a decrease in Fe/Mn concentration. The median level Fe/Mn is mainly found in the central unit of the alluvial fan. As its lithology becomes finer and hydraulic gradient becomes smaller, the central unit is easy to form a reducing environment where Fe/Mn are concentrated as a result of such natural advantage. The high level Fe/Mn is mainly found in spots or bands in the northern part of the Shijiazhuang urban area, Zhengding County, and in southern Lingshou County, caused mainly by surface pollution. The input of pollutants leads to changes in the redox and acid-base environments and an increase in the Fe/Mn concentration.

Key words: Shijiazhuang, iron and manganese, groundwater exploitation, groundwater pollution, hydrogeological conditions

中图分类号:

P641
X523

张小文, 何江涛, 黄冠星. 石家庄地区浅层地下水铁锰分布特征及影响因素分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(4): 206-218.

ZHANG Xiaowen, HE Jiangtao, HUANG Guanxing. Iron and manganese in shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang: Distribution characteristics and a cause analysis[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(4): 206-218.

图/表 13

图1 研究区地理位置及水文地质略图

Fig.1 Geographic location and hydrogeological sketch map of the study area

图2 滹沱河冲洪积扇地层B-B'剖面图(据文献[14]修改)

Fig.2 B-B' stratigraphic profile of the Hutuo River alluvial-pluvial fan. Modified after [14].

图3 研究区潜在污染源及地下水采样点位置

Fig.3 Potential pollution sources and groundwater sampling sites in the study area

表1 铁锰质量浓度描述性统计

Table 1 Iron and manganese concentration data statistics

指标	分区	ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)				变异系数/ %
指标	分区	最大值	最小值	平均值	中位值	变异系数/ %
Fe	顶部	3.38	<0.03	0.170	0.053	2.579
	中部	5.21	<0.03	0.219	0.060	2.886
	整区	5.21	<0.03	0.197	0.056	2.802
Mn	顶部	0.16	<0.01	0.012	<0.01	2.301
	中部	2.44	<0.01	0.055	<0.01	5.221
	整区	2.44	<0.01	0.035	<0.01	6.012

图4 研究区水质状况及铁锰分布特征

Fig.4 Groundwater quality and Fe/Mn distribution characteristics in the study area

图5 异常识别后铁锰浓度描述性统计

Fig.5 Iron/Manganese concentration data statistics after anomaly recognition for the top and middle units

图6 研究区1984—2010年浅层地下水位变差(a)及现状水力梯度分级(b)(据文献[25]修改)

Fig.6 Change of shallow groundwater level from 1984 to 2010 (a) and present-day hydraulic gradient of shallow groundwater (b) in the study area. Modified after [25].

图7 铁锰浓度与开采指数关系图

Fig.7 Relationship between groundwater exploitation index and Fe/Mn concentration

图8 不同开采指数下铁锰浓度分布特征

Fig.8 Distribution characteristics of Fe/Mn concentration under different exploitation indexes

图9 铁锰因子得分与污染荷载关系图

Fig.9 Relationship between Fe/Mn influencing factor score and anthropogenic inputs

图10 不同污染指数采样点铁锰浓度分布特征

Fig.10 Distribution characteristics of Fe/Mn concentrations at sampling sites under different anthropogenic inputs

图11 不同氧化还原环境下铁锰因子得分

Fig.11 Iron/Manganese influencing factor scores in different redox environments

图12 石家庄地区铁锰成因曲面拟合结果

Fig.12 Matlab surface fitting results for iron and manganese genesis in the Shijiazhuang area

参考文献 27

[1]	李亚松, 张兆吉, 费宇红, 等. 河北省滹沱河冲积平原地下水质量及污染特征研究[J]. 地球学报, 2014, 35(2):169-176.
[2]	张小文, 何江涛, 刘丹丹, 等. 滹沱河冲洪积扇浅层地下水水质外界胁迫作用分析[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2018, 45(5):48-56.
[3]	ZHANG Q Q, WANG H W, WANG Y C, et al. Groundwater quality assessment and pollution source apportionment in an intensely exploited region of Northern China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017, 24(20):16639-16650. DOI URL
[4]	LI Y S, ZHANG Z J, FEI Y H, et al. Investigation of quality and pollution characteristics of groundwater in the Hutuo River Alluvial Plain, North China Plain[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(7):1-10. DOI URL
[5]	ZHANG X W, HE J T, HE B N, et al. Assessment, formation mechanism, and different source contributions of dissolved salt pollution in the shallow groundwater of Hutuo River alluvial-pluvial fan in the North China Plain[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019, 26(35):35742-35756. DOI URL
[6]	刘琰, 乔肖翠, 江秋枫, 等. 滹沱河冲洪积扇地下水硝酸盐含量的空间分布特征及影响因素[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2016, 35(5):947-954.
[7]	United States Environmental Protection Agency. Secondary drinking water standards: guidance for nuisance chemicals[EB/OL].[2019-01-15]. https://www.epa.gov/sdwa/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals .
[8]	SPANGLER A H, SPANGLER J G. Groundwater manganese and infant mortality rate by county in north Carolina: an ecological analysis[J]. EcoHealth, 2009, 6(4):596-600. DOI URL
[9]	SPANGLER J G, REID J C. Environmental manganese and cancer mortality rates by county in north Carolina: an ecological study[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 2010, 133(2):128-135.
[10]	邹晓锦, 仇荣亮, 周小勇, 等. 大宝山矿区重金属污染对人体健康风险的研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2008, 28(7):1406-1412.
[11]	CARRETERO S, KRUSE E. Iron and manganese content in groundwater on the northeastern Coast of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2015, 73(5):1983-1995. DOI URL
[12]	SINGH A, SHARMA R K, AGRAWAL M, et al. Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of foodstuffs from the wastewater irrigated site of a dry tropical area of India[J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2010, 48(2):611-619. DOI URL
[13]	FARINA M, AVILA D S, DA ROCHA J B T, et al. Metals, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: a focus on iron, manganese and mercury[J]. Neurochemistry International, 2013, 62(5):575-594. DOI URL
[14]	孙晓林. 滹沱河冲洪积扇地下水数值模拟及其适宜水位控制研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2012.
[15]	HELSEL D R. Less than obvious: statistical treatment of data below the detection limit[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1990, 24(12):1766-1774. DOI URL
[16]	张英, 孙继朝, 黄冠星, 等. 珠江三角洲地区地下水环境背景值初步研究[J]. 中国地质, 2011, 38(1):190-196.
[17]	HUANG G X, SUN J C, ZHANG Y, et al. Impact of anthropogenic and natural processes on the evolution of groundwater chemistry in a rapidly urbanized coastal area, South China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2013, 463/464:209-221. DOI URL
[18]	侯春堂, 刘晓端. 华北平原水土地质环境图集[CM]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2010.
[19]	赵红梅, 赵华, 毛洪亮, 等. 华北平原滹沱河冲洪积扇第四纪地层划分[J]. 地层学杂志, 2014, 38(2):137-146.
[20]	张小文, 何江涛, 彭聪, 等. 地下水主要组分水化学异常识别方法对比: 以柳江盆地为例[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(8):3225-3234.
[21]	PENG C, HE J T, WANG M L, et al. Identifying and assessing human activity impacts on groundwater quality through hydrogeochemical anomalies and NO 3 -, NH 4 +, and COD contamination: a case study of the Liujiang River Basin, Hebei Province, P R China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(4):3539-3556.
[22]	廖磊, 何江涛, 彭聪, 等. 地下水次要组分视背景值研究: 以柳江盆地为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(1):267-275.
[23]	彭聪, 何江涛, 廖磊, 等. 应用水化学方法识别人类活动对地下水水质影响程度: 以柳江盆地为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2017, 24(1):321-331.
[24]	廖磊. 柳江盆地浅层地下水次要组分和微量组分视背景值研究[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2016.
[25]	张兆吉, 费宇红. 华北平原地下水可持续利用图集[CM]. 北京: 中国地图出版社, 2009.
[26]	李广贺, 赵勇胜, 何江涛, 等. 地下水污染风险源识别与防控区划技术[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2015.
[27]	王曼丽, 何江涛, 崔亚丰, 等. 基于折减系数的地下水污染风险评价方法探究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(12):4510-4519.

石家庄地区浅层地下水铁锰分布特征及影响因素分析

Iron and manganese in shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang: Distribution characteristics and a cause analysis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 27

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李志红, 王广才, 蔡五田, 刘菲, 黄丹丹. 某Cr(Ⅵ)污染场地修复的PRB反应材料及结构设计研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(5): 186-196.
[2]	闫丽娜，左昊，张聚全，李振宁，李胜荣. 石家庄市大气PM₁、PM_2.5 和PM₁₀ 中重金属元素分布特征及来源的对比研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26(3): 263-270.
[3]	于开宁，廖安然. 基于生态位理论的河北平原地下水开采潜力评价[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(1): 259-266.
[4]	刘淑琴，张尚军，牛茂斐，余力. 煤炭地下气化技术及其应用前景[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(3): 97-102.