地学前缘 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 342-352.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.4.16

• “健康地质调查”专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原东北缘土壤锌硒锗富集靶区优选及健康潜力评价

张亚峰1,2(), 施泽明1,*(), 苗国文2,*(), 许光2, 金戈1, 马风娟2, 姬丙艳3, 姚振2, 马瑛2   

  1. 1.成都理工大学 地球与行星科学学院, 四川 成都 610059
    2.青海省第五地质勘查院, 青海省富硒资源利用工程技术研究中心, 青海 西宁 810099
    3.青海省第四地质勘查院, 青海 西宁 810000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-28 修回日期:2025-04-18 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-04
  • 通信作者: *施泽明(1968—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事环境地球化学研究。E-mail: shizm@cdut.edu.cn; 苗国文(1980—),男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事地球化学研究。E-mail: 27861538@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张亚峰(1986—),女,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事健康地质、环境地球化学研究。E-mail: 371221815@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局国家公益性地质调查专项(GZTR20080117);中国地质调查局国家公益性地质调查专项(DD20160319-07);青海省地质勘查基金项目(DK10);青海省富硒资源利用工程技术研究中心专项基金项目(FX202401)

Optimal selection of soil zinc, selenium and germanium enrichment target areas and evaluation of their health potential on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

ZHANG Yafeng1,2(), SHI Zeming1,*(), MIAO Guowen2,*(), XU Guang2, JIN Ge1, MA Fengjuan2, JI Bingyan3, YAO Zhen2, MA Ying2   

  1. 1. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
    2. Qinghai Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Selenium-rich Resource Utilization, The Fifth Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810099, China
    3. The Fourth Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China
  • Received:2025-02-28 Revised:2025-04-18 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-04

摘要:

青藏高原东北缘地质结构复杂,农畜产业集聚,是开展健康地质服务农畜生产的良好区块。通过地质手段查明典型健康元素Zn、Se和Ge的分布、富集特征及健康潜力,可为挖掘地域特色资源禀赋、优选生态健康靶区、开展健康地质研究和发展特色产业提供技术支持。通过采集研究区8 273组表层土壤样品,分析测试pH及Zn、Se和Ge含量,选用地累积指数、标准比对、健康潜力指数和复合指数法多角度评价土壤Zn、Se和Ge的富集特征、规模和潜力。结果表明,研究区土壤整体呈低硒、低锗和高锌的背景,空间变异呈硒强、锗中和锌弱的特征。对照中国土壤背景值,研究区土壤Zn、Se和Ge的富集规模和强度依序递减; 对照现行相关标准和中国土壤统计分级,研究区土壤整体呈富锌贫硒锗的特征,局部存在富硒和富锗区,具有一定的健康贡献和生态潜力; 综合考虑富集程度和各指标健康贡献差异,研究区Zn和Se存在一定健康潜力,Ge具较低健康潜力,中度以上潜力区占比14.8%;对照健康元素组的复合指数,并以累计频率85%以上划定优势区,结合地质背景,土地利用、地貌景观和富集强弱规模等因素,选定优先利用靶区5处。靶区选定为快速推进青海健康地质的研究和应用深度提供了方向。

关键词: 青藏高原东北缘, 健康元素, 土壤锌、硒和锗, 靶区优选, 健康潜力

Abstract:

The northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, characterized by intricate geological architecture and concentrated agro-pastoral activities, presents an optimal field laboratory for health geology research. This study systematically investigated the spatial distribution, enrichment mechanisms, and health potential of critical essential elements (Zn, Se, Ge) using advanced geochemical prospecting techniques, establishing a scientific foundation for optimizing land resource utilization and delineating priority eco-health zones. A total of 8273 surface soil samples were collected and analyzed for pH, Zn, Se, and Ge content. Multi-criteria assessment frameworks incorporating the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), standard threshold comparison, health potential index (HPI), and a Composite Index were implemented. Key findings include: (1) Soils in the study area exhibit overall low Se, low Ge, and high Zn backgrounds, with spatial variability characterized by strong variation for Se, moderate for Ge, and weak for Zn. (2) Relative to Chinese soil background values, the degree and spatial extent of Zn, Se, and Ge enrichment decrease in that order. Compared to relevant national standards and soil classification criteria, soils are generally Zn-rich but Se-poor and Ge-poor, although localized Se-rich and Ge-rich zones exist, exhibiting potential health benefits. Health potential assessment (HPI) indicates moderate potential for Zn and Se, but lower potential for Ge. Areas with moderate or higher composite health potential constitute 14.8% of the region. (3) Priority target areas for utilization were identified by first selecting zones exceeding the 85th percentile of the Composite Health Potential Index, followed by refinement based on geological background, land use, geomorphology, and enrichment patterns. Five key target areas were delineated, providing strategic direction for in-depth healthy geology research and application in Qinghai.

Key words: the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, healthy elements, soil zinc, selenium and germanium, target area preference, health potential

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