天文旋回约束下的沾化凹陷沙四上亚段高精度地层定量划分及等时对比

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.16

地学前缘 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 85-96.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.16

天文旋回约束下的沾化凹陷沙四上亚段高精度地层定量划分及等时对比

杜振京¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 陈冬霞¹^,³^,^*(), 刘惠民⁴^,⁵, 焦红岩²^,⁴, 马义权⁶

1.中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院, 北京 102249
2.中国石化胜利油田分公司页岩油项目部, 山东东营 257000
3.油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 北京 102249
4.页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室, 山东东营 257000
5.中国石化胜利油田分公司, 山东东营 257000
6.成都理工大学沉积地质研究院, 四川成都 610059

收稿日期:2024-07-07 修回日期:2024-09-28 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-14
通信作者: 陈冬霞
作者简介:杜振京(1981—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事常规油气与页岩油勘探研究与管理工作。E-mail: duzjsinopec@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41972124);国家重大专项“渤海湾超级盆地油气富集规律与新领域勘探技术(2024ZD1400100)”

High-resolution stratigraphic quantitative division and isochronous comparison of upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Zhanhua Depression under astronomical cycle constraints

DU Zhenjing¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), CHEN Dongxia¹^,³^,^*(), LIU Huimin⁴^,⁵, JIAO Hongyan²^,⁴, MA Yiquan⁶

1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2. Shale Oil Project Department, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, Beijing 102249, China
4. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Dongying 257000, China
5. Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China
6. Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

Received:2024-07-07 Revised:2024-09-28 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-14
Contact: CHEN Dongxia

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷始新统沙四上亚段是凹陷内湖相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探的重点层位,因其顶底均为不整合面、沉积厚度较薄、非均质性较强,该层段的高精度层序定量划分和对比较难,导致该区优质储层和油气甜点的分布规律认识不清。本文以沾化凹陷Lb井和Sb井为例,利用自然伽马(GR)测井曲线,开展沙四上亚段天文旋回分析,结合相关系数法和零假设(H₀)检验的沉积速率定量表征技术,通过天文统计调谐,建立高可靠性的沙四上亚段GR时间序列。结果表明,Lb沙四上亚段的沉积速率为5.8~10.3 cm/ka,沉积时间为2.2 Ma,Sb沙四上亚段的沉积速率为3.8 cm/ka,沉积时间为2.1 Ma。以长偏心率和短偏心率为四级和五级层序的划分标准,在Lb井的沙四上亚段划分出5个四级层序和一个湖扩半旋回,以及20个五级层序。在Sb井的沙四上亚段中划分出5.2个四级层序和20.2个五级层序。通过进一步对多口井GR数据的天文旋回分析,在研究区沙四上亚段整体划分出5.2~6个四级层序和20~23.5个五级层序,与油田砂层组划分具有良好的对应关系。针对没有绝对年龄控制这一问题,本文以识别的区域标志层和晚卢泰特期极热事件(LLTM)的响应特征为潜在的区域对比依据,实现区内典型钻井长偏心率尺度的高精度地层等时对比。不仅可以为横向准确追踪沙四上亚段优质储层提供重要的科学依据,而且可以为没有绝对年龄控制且顶底均为不整合面的地层开展区域等时对比提供一种新思路。

关键词: 旋回地层学, 沾化凹陷, 沙四上亚段, 湖相沉积, 高精度等时对比

Abstract:

The upper fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation in the Zhanhua Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin is a key interval for oil and gas exploration in the lacustrine carbonate system in the depression. Because its top and bottom are unconformable surfaces, with thin thickness and strong heterogeneity, it is difficult to quantitatively delineate and correlate high-resolution stratigraphic sequences of this interval, leading to a poor understanding of the distribution pattern of high-quality reservoirs and hydrocarbon sweet spots in the Zhanhua Depression. In this paper, we focused on wells Lb and Sb in the Zhanhua Depression and conducted cyclostratigraphic analysis of the upper fourth member of the Shahejie Formation using gamma ray (GR) logging curves. This was combined with quantitative characterization techniques for sedimentation rate based on the correlation coefficient method and null hypothesis (H₀) test, establishing a robust GR time series of upper fourth member of the Shahejie Formation. The results showed that the sedimentation rate is 5.8 to 10.3 cm/ka and the duration of sedimentation is 2.2 Myr in Well Lb, while the sedimentation rate is 3.8 cm/ka and the duration is 2.1 Myr in Well Sb. Using long eccentricity (405 kyr) and short eccentricity (~100 kyr) cycles as criteria for defining fourth- and fifth-order sequences, 5 fourth-order sequences and one lake-expanding half-cycle, and 20 fifth-order sequences were delineated in Well Lb. In Well Sb, 5.2 fourth-order sequences and 20.2 fifth-order sequences were delineated. By further analyzing the astronomical cycles of GR data from multiple wells, 5.2 to 6 fourth-order sequences and 20 to 23.5 fifth-order sequences are generally delineated within the upper fourth member of the Shahejie Formation, which correlates well with the delineation of sand groups in the oilfield. To address the issue of no absolute age control, we utilized regional marker beds and the response characteristics of the Late Lutetian Thermal Maximum (LLTM) as the basis for potential regional comparisons. This enabled high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic correlation on the long eccentricity scale for typical wells drilled in the region. This approach not only provides an important scientific basis for accurately tracing high-quality reservoirs in the upper fourth member of the Shahejie Formation but also offers a new method for regional isochronous correlation of strata lacking absolute age control and bounded by unconformities.

Key words: cyclostratigraphy, Zhanhua Depression, upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation, lacustrine deposits, high-resolution isochronous comparisons

中图分类号:

杜振京, 陈冬霞, 刘惠民, 焦红岩, 马义权. 天文旋回约束下的沾化凹陷沙四上亚段高精度地层定量划分及等时对比[J]. 地学前缘, 2025, 32(5): 85-96.

DU Zhenjing, CHEN Dongxia, LIU Huimin, JIAO Hongyan, MA Yiquan. High-resolution stratigraphic quantitative division and isochronous comparison of upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Zhanhua Depression under astronomical cycle constraints[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(5): 85-96.

图/表 7

图1 沾化凹陷区域地质背景(据文献[24,29,32-34]修改) a—渤海湾盆地及其构造单元划分(据文献[24]修改);b—沾化凹陷构造地质简图和研究钻井位置(据文献[29]修改);c—沾化凹陷新生代地层综合柱状图(据文献[32-34]修改)。

Fig.1 Regional geological background of Zhanhua Depression. Modified after [24,29,32-34].

图2 沙四上亚段沉积时期天文解决方案及其频谱分析结果 a—43.97~41.21 Ma天文解决方案(La2010d)[52];b—43.97~41.21 Ma天文解决方案MTM频谱分析结果;c—43.97~41.21 Ma天文解决方案FFT频谱演化分析结果。

Fig.2 Astronomical solutions for the depositional period of the upper fourth member of the Shahejie Formation and the results of its spectral analysis. Modified after [52].

图3 沾化凹陷西部Lb井沙四上亚段频谱分析及相关系数法和零假设(H0)检验沉积速率定量表征 a—Lb井沙四上亚段GR测井曲线及其去趋势的结果;b—GR测井曲线的约31.7 m滤波和约7.4 m滤波;c—去趋势的GR测井曲线MTM频谱分析(上)和FFT频谱演化分析(下)结果;d—去趋势的GR测井曲线的相关系数法(上)和演化相关系数法(下)分析结果;e—去趋势的GR测井曲线的零假设(H0)检验(上)和演化H0检验(下)结果,d和e中的白线是405 ka长偏心率调谐得到的沉积速率;f—天文调谐后的GR时间序列;g—GR时间序列的405 ka滤波和约100 ka滤波。

Fig.3 Spectral analysis and quantitative characterization of sedimentation rate by correlation coefficient method and null hypothesis (H0) test for sedimentation rate of upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Well Lb in western part of Zhanhua Depression

图4 沾化凹陷西部Sb井沙四上亚段频谱分析及相关系数法COCO和零假设(H0)检验沉积速率定量表征 a—Sb井沙四上亚段GR测井曲线及其去趋势的结果;b—GR测井曲线的约17 m滤波和约4 m滤波;c—去趋势的GR测井曲线MTM频谱分析(上)和FFT频谱演化分析(下)结果;d—去趋势的GR测井曲线的相关系数法(上)和演化相关系数法(下)分析结果;e—去趋势的GR测井曲线的零假设(H0)检验(上)和演化H0检验(下)结果,d和e中的白线是405 ka长偏心率调谐得到的沉积速率;f—天文调谐后的GR时间序列;g—GR时间序列的405 ka滤波和约100 ka滤波。

Fig.4 Spectral analysis and quantitative characterization of sedimentation rate by correlation coefficient method and null hypothesis (H0) test for sedimentation rate of upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Well Sb in western part of Zhanhua Depression

图5 沾化凹陷西部地区沙四上亚段标志层区域对比

Fig. 5 Regional correlation of marker beds in upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in western area of Zhanhua Depression

图6 晚卢泰特期极热事件LLTM在沾化凹陷西部地区沙四上亚段的响应(深海碳氧同位素源自文献[22])

Fig.6 Response of the Late Lutetian Thermal Maximum (LLTM) in upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in western area of Zhanhua Depression. Deep-sea carbon and oxygen isotopes from [22].

图7 沾化四陷西部地区沙四上亚段偏心率级高频旋回划分与对比

Fig. 7 Division and correlation of high- resolution cycles on the eccentricity scale in upper fourth member of Shaheie Formation in western area of Zhanhua Depression

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天文旋回约束下的沾化凹陷沙四上亚段高精度地层定量划分及等时对比

High-resolution stratigraphic quantitative division and isochronous comparison of upper fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Zhanhua Depression under astronomical cycle constraints

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