胶东三山岛北部海域金矿床石英热释光和晶胞参数特征及其找矿意义

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.27

地学前缘 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 305-319.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.27

胶东三山岛北部海域金矿床石英热释光和晶胞参数特征及其找矿意义

宋英昕¹(), 李胜荣²^,^*(), 申俊峰², 张龙³, 李文涛⁴, 曾勇杰⁵

1.自然资源部金矿成矿过程与资源利用重点实验室; 山东省金属矿产成矿地质过程与资源利用重点实验室; 山东省地质科学研究院, 山东济南 250013
2.地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室; 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
3.中国地质调查局牡丹江自然资源综合调查中心, 黑龙江牡丹江 157000
4.云南省地震局, 云南昆明 650225
5.江苏省地质勘查技术院, 江苏南京 210049

收稿日期:2019-01-01 修回日期:2020-02-16 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-03
通讯作者: 李胜荣
作者简介:宋英昕(1989—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事矿物学、岩石学、矿床学研究。E-mail: songying.xin2008@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600106);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600606);山东省重点研发计划项目(2017CXGC1601)

Characteristics and prospecting significance of thermoluminescence patterns and cell parameters of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao, Jiaodong Peninsula

SONG Yingxin¹(), LI Shengrong²^,^*(), SHEN Junfeng², ZHANG Long³, LI Wentao⁴, ZENG Yongjie⁵

1. Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Processes and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Natural Resources; Shandong Key Laboratory of Mineralization Geological Processes and Resources Utilization in Metallic Minerals; Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences, Jinan 250013, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3. Mudanjiang Natural Resources Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Mudanjiang 157000, China
4. Yunnan Provincial Seismological Bureau, Kunming 650225, China
5. Geological Exploration Technology Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210049, China

Received:2019-01-01 Revised:2020-02-16 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-03
Contact: LI Shengrong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

胶东是中国最重要的黄金资源基地之一,近年来深部找矿取得重大突破,特别是在三山岛北部海域发现超大型金矿床。深入研究其成矿规律,对于指导今后的找矿勘探意义重大。笔者应用成因矿物学和找矿矿物学理论,选取该矿床的贯通性矿物石英,对其热释光和晶胞参数特征的时空分布规律及与金矿化的关系进行了系统研究。结果表明:(1)石英热释光曲线以中温单峰、肩峰和不对称双峰为特征。主成矿阶段发光曲线出现中温峰和高温峰的双峰,发光强度大;(2)石英热释光峰位温度、发光强度在垂向上的波动变化与矿石金品位套合较好;(3)石英(Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀)值的变化范围在1.92~3.30,指示微量元素进入石英的方式以填隙为主;(4)随着成矿阶段由早至晚,石英晶胞参数a₀和V₀逐渐升高,c₀/a₀逐渐降低,表明石英的晶胞参数可作为识别其结晶阶段的标识之一;(5)钻孔深部石英热释光峰位温度较高,发光强度波动性较大,峰型呈单峰和肩峰,石英晶胞参数a₀、V₀仍较大,指示该矿深部仍有较好的找矿前景。

关键词: 石英热释光, 晶胞参数, 时空变化, 找矿标志, 三山岛北部海域金矿

Abstract:

The Jiaodong Peninsula is one of the most important bases of gold resources in China. In recent years, great breakthroughs have been made in deep prospecting of gold deposits, especially a super large undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao has been discovered. Presently only limited research has been done on this deposit. Based on the genetic and mineral prospecting theory, we systematically studied the temporospatial distribution patterns of thermoluminescence and cell parameters of connective mineral quartz from the deposit. We found the following typomorphic characteristics of quartz very important for gold prospecting: (1) The quartz thermoluminescence curves showed characteristic singlet and shoulder-like peaks at the mid range temperatures in the early and late mineralization stages, and an asymmetric doublet peak with the strongest emission intensity over the mid-to-high temperature range in the main mineralization stage. (2) The peak temperatures and emission intensities on the thermoluminescence curves showed vertical fluctuations in volatility correlating with gold mineralization. (3) Quartz (Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀) values ranged between 1.92 and 3.30, indicating gap filling was the major way of incorporating trace elements into quartz. (4) Spatiotemporal variation of quartz cell parameters followed a clear pattern of increasing a₀ and V₀, decreasing c₀/a₀ from the early to late mineralization stages, indicating temperature and elemental impurity had an influence on quartz cell parameters. (5) In the depth of the ore body, the quartz thermoluminescence curves showed higher peak temperature, larger emission intensity fluctuation, singlet and shoulder-like peaks, and large a₀and V₀values, suggesting a good downward mineralization prospect.

Key words: thermoluminescence of quartz, cell parameters, distribution characteristics in time and space, prospecting sign, Sanshandao undersea gold deposit

中图分类号:

宋英昕, 李胜荣, 申俊峰, 张龙, 李文涛, 曾勇杰. 胶东三山岛北部海域金矿床石英热释光和晶胞参数特征及其找矿意义[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(2): 305-319.

SONG Yingxin, LI Shengrong, SHEN Junfeng, ZHANG Long, LI Wentao, ZENG Yongjie. Characteristics and prospecting significance of thermoluminescence patterns and cell parameters of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao, Jiaodong Peninsula[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(2): 305-319.

图/表 16

图1 胶西北成矿小区地质和金矿床分布图(据文献[17]) F1—三山岛断裂;F2—焦家断裂;F3—招平断裂。1—第四系;2—白垩系;3—早前寒武纪变质岩系;4—白垩纪崂山型花岗岩;5—白垩纪伟德山型花岗岩;6—白垩纪郭家岭型花岗岩;7—侏罗纪栾家河型花岗岩;8—侏罗纪玲珑型花岗岩;9—整合/不整合地质界限;10—断裂/主要控矿断裂;11—浅部大/中小型金矿床;12—深部大/中小型金矿床。

Fig.1 Geological sketch map showing gold deposit distribution in the metallogenic district of northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula. Adapted from [17].

图2 三山岛金矿床区域基岩地质图(a)及矿区地质图(b)(据文献[18]) F1—三山岛断裂; F2—三元断裂。

Fig.2 (a) Bedrock geological sketch map of the Sanshandao gold deposit area and (b) geological sketch map of the mining district of theundersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao. Adapted from [18].

图3 三山岛北部海域金矿床勘探线联合剖面图(a)及32号勘探线地质剖面图(b)(据文献[22])

Fig.3 Combined geological sections along exploratory lines (a) and geological sections along No.32 exploratory line (b) of the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao. Adapted from [22].

图4 三山岛北部海域金矿床不同阶段矿石特征和穿切关系 a—Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿化绢英岩(样品编号s3204-1107):石英呈乳白色,表面干净,粒度较粗;b—Ⅱ阶段石英黄铁矿矿石(样品编号s3208-1478):石英黄铁矿矿脉穿切早期形成的绢英岩,石英呈灰白色,粒度较细,与黄铁矿共生;c—Ⅲ阶段绢英岩化碎裂岩(样品编号s3211-241):多金属硫化物矿脉穿切早期形成的绢英岩,石英呈烟灰色,与多金属硫化物共生,呈脉状产出;d—Ⅳ阶段黄铁矿化碳酸盐化碎裂岩(样品编号s3210-1771):石英呈白色,与方解石组成石英碳酸盐岩脉穿插于早期形成的黄铁矿脉。

Fig.4 Ore features and cutting relationships at different mineralization stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

表1 三山岛北部海域矿区石英热释光参数特征

Table 1 Characteristics of thermoluminescence parameters for quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

样品编号	采样标高/m	矿物组合	阶段划分	峰型	峰位温度/℃	半峰宽的强度/s^-1	发光强度/s^-1	发光总强度/s^-1	金品位 w(Au)/10^-6
s3204-1107	-1 107	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅰ	肩峰	285	70	380	29 556	0.05
s3204-1112	-1 112	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py、Ccp	Ⅲ	单峰	272	60	1 130	75 334	0.15
s3204-1115	-1 115	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	277	55	770	47 056	0.38
s3207-1417	-1 417	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	277	60	610	40 667	2.73
s3208-1468	-1 468	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	277	55	1 300	79 445	0.8
s3208-1478	-1 478	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	275	50	235	13 055	0.45
s3208-1480	-1 480	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	283	60	1 460	97 335	3.9
s3208-1551	-1 551	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	287	60	200	13 333	1.58
s3210-76	-76	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	240	45	310	15 500	0.2
s3210-1076	-1 076	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	双峰	248	45	550	27 500	5.96
s3210-1076	-1 076	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	双峰	310	100	740	82 223	5.96
s3210-1504	-1 504	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅰ	单峰	290	70	560	43 556	0.05
s3210-1533	-1 533	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py、Po	Ⅲ	单峰	275	90	1 320	132 002	0.7
s3210-1723	-1 723	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	283	55	470	28 722	3.05
s3210-1745	-1 745	Qtz、Py	Ⅱ	肩峰	300	80	150	10 000	0.32
s3210-1771	-1 771	Qtz、Py、Cal、Ves	Ⅳ	无峰	—	—	—	—	—
s3211-241	-241	Qtz、Ser、Py、Gn、Sp	Ⅲ	肩峰	277	75	300	25 000	0.55
s3213-873	-873	Qtz、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	270	70	1 350	105 001	0.3
s3214-672	-672	Qtz、Py、Gn、Sp	Ⅲ	单峰	275	85	360	34 000	0.5
s3214-700	-700	Qtz、Pl、Kfs、Ser、Py	Ⅱ	单峰	278	70	395	30 722	1.38

图5 三山岛北部海域矿区石英热释光曲线类型图样品s3204-1112热释光曲线(a)和样品s3207-1417热释光曲线(b)为单峰型,样品s3211-241热释光曲线(c)和样品s3210-1745热释光曲线(d)为肩峰型,样品s3210-1076热释光曲线(e)为双峰型,样品s3210-1776热释光曲线(f)为无峰型。

Fig.5 Thermoluminescence patterns of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

表2 三山岛北部海域矿区不同峰型热释光曲线参数

Table 2 Thermoluminescence curve parameters with different peak types for the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

峰型	数量	峰号	峰温/℃	半峰宽的强度/s^-1	发光强度/s^-1	发光总强度/s^-1
单峰	11	—	240~290	45~90	330~1 460	15 500~132 002
肩峰	6	—	275~300	50~80	150~770	10 000~47 056
无峰	1	—	—	—	—	—
双峰	1	1	248	45	550	27 500
双峰	1	2	310	100	740	82 223

表3 三山岛北部海域金矿不同成矿阶段石英晶胞参数测定

Table 3 Measurements of quartz cell parameters for different metallogenic stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

产地	样品号	标高/m	成矿阶段	a₀/ $A °$	c₀/ $A °$	c₀/a₀	V₀/ $A ° 3$	Δa₀/ $A °$	Δc₀/ $A °$	(Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀)	金品位w(Au)/10^-6
	s3204-1112	-1 112	Ⅲ	4.917 6	5.409 3	1.099 99	113.29	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.566 64	0.15
	s3204-1115	-1 115	Ⅱ	4.918 9	5.410 2	1.099 88	113.36	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 70	0.38
	s3207-1417	-1 417	Ⅱ	4.92	5.412 1	1.100 02	113.46	0.000 3	0.000 1	3.300 06	2.73
	s3208-1468	-1 468	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.413 6	1.100 50	113.45	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.201 01	0.8
	s3208-1478	-1 478	Ⅱ	4.922 2	5.414 4	1.099 99	113.6	0.000 7	0.000 4	1.924 99	0.45
	s3208-1480	-1 480	Ⅱ	4.915 3	5.409 7	1.100 58	113.19	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 17	3.9
三山岛	s3208-1483	-1 483	Ⅲ	4.919	5.409 2	1.099 65	113.35	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.565 86	0.5
北部海域	s3210-1076	-1 076	Ⅱ	4.916 7	5.409 9	1.100 31	113.26	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 62	5.96
(本文)	s3210-1504	-1 504	Ⅰ	4.915 1	5.409 2	1.100 53	113.28	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 22	0.05
	s3210-1533	-1 533	Ⅲ	4.917 7	5.408 6	1.099 82	113.28	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 56	0.7
	s3210-1723	-1 723	Ⅱ	4.915 6	5.410 1	1.100 60	113.21	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 19	3.05
	s3210-1745	-1 745	Ⅱ	4.921 3	5.412	1.099 71	113.52	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 42	0.32
	s3211-241	-241	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 7	1.100 23	113.39	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 46	0.55
	s3213-873	-873	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 2	1.100 13	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.5
	s3214-672	-672	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.411 2	1.100 02	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.3
	s3214-700	-700	Ⅱ	4.918 7	5.406 6	1.099 19	113.11	0.000 9	0.000 4	2.475 00	1.38
	I-Q8-001	-70	Ⅱ	4.916 4	5.407 4	1.099 87	113.19
	I-Q8-010		Ⅱ	4.920 3	5.208 5	1.058 57	113.39
三山岛	I-3-005		Ⅲ	4.915 8	5.409 3	1.100 39	113.21
(陈光远等^[1])	I-Q7-Y		Ⅲ	4.916 4	5.409 9	1.100 38	113.24
	I-Q8-011			4.917 3	5.409	1.099 99	113.27
	I-QS-015			4.915 1	5.406 8	1.100 04	113.12
	I-QS-017			4.918 9	5.409 2	1.099 68	113.35

表3 三山岛北部海域金矿不同成矿阶段石英晶胞参数测定

Table 3 Measurements of quartz cell parameters for different metallogenic stages in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

产地	样品号	标高/m	成矿阶段	a₀/ $A °$	c₀/ $A °$	c₀/a₀	V₀/ $A ° 3$	Δa₀/ $A °$	Δc₀/ $A °$	(Δa₀/a₀)/(Δc₀/c₀)	金品位w(Au)/10^-6
	s3204-1112	-1 112	Ⅲ	4.917 6	5.409 3	1.099 99	113.29	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.566 64	0.15
	s3204-1115	-1 115	Ⅱ	4.918 9	5.410 2	1.099 88	113.36	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 70	0.38
	s3207-1417	-1 417	Ⅱ	4.92	5.412 1	1.100 02	113.46	0.000 3	0.000 1	3.300 06	2.73
	s3208-1468	-1 468	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.413 6	1.100 50	113.45	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.201 01	0.8
	s3208-1478	-1 478	Ⅱ	4.922 2	5.414 4	1.099 99	113.6	0.000 7	0.000 4	1.924 99	0.45
	s3208-1480	-1 480	Ⅱ	4.915 3	5.409 7	1.100 58	113.19	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 17	3.9
三山岛	s3208-1483	-1 483	Ⅲ	4.919	5.409 2	1.099 65	113.35	0.000 7	0.000 3	2.565 86	0.5
北部海域	s3210-1076	-1 076	Ⅱ	4.916 7	5.409 9	1.100 31	113.26	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 62	5.96
(本文)	s3210-1504	-1 504	Ⅰ	4.915 1	5.409 2	1.100 53	113.28	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 22	0.05
	s3210-1533	-1 533	Ⅲ	4.917 7	5.408 6	1.099 82	113.28	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.749 56	0.7
	s3210-1723	-1 723	Ⅱ	4.915 6	5.410 1	1.100 60	113.21	0.000 8	0.000 4	2.201 19	3.05
	s3210-1745	-1 745	Ⅱ	4.921 3	5.412	1.099 71	113.52	0.000 4	0.000 2	2.199 42	0.32
	s3211-241	-241	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 7	1.100 23	113.39	0.000 6	0.000 3	2.200 46	0.55
	s3213-873	-873	Ⅲ	4.918 7	5.411 2	1.100 13	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.5
	s3214-672	-672	Ⅱ	4.919 2	5.411 2	1.100 02	113.38	0.000 5	0.000 2	2.750 32	0.3
	s3214-700	-700	Ⅱ	4.918 7	5.406 6	1.099 19	113.11	0.000 9	0.000 4	2.475 00	1.38
	I-Q8-001	-70	Ⅱ	4.916 4	5.407 4	1.099 87	113.19
	I-Q8-010		Ⅱ	4.920 3	5.208 5	1.058 57	113.39
三山岛	I-3-005		Ⅲ	4.915 8	5.409 3	1.100 39	113.21
(陈光远等^[1])	I-Q7-Y		Ⅲ	4.916 4	5.409 9	1.100 38	113.24
	I-Q8-011			4.917 3	5.409	1.099 99	113.27
	I-QS-015			4.915 1	5.406 8	1.100 04	113.12
	I-QS-017			4.918 9	5.409 2	1.099 68	113.35

图6 三山岛北部海域金矿石英晶胞参数a0-c0/a0图解

Fig.6 Scatter plot of quartz cell parameters a0 vs. c0/a0 for the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

表4 三山岛北部海域矿区不同成矿阶段的石英热释光参数特征

Table 4 Characteristic thermoluminescence parameters of quartz from different metallogenic stages the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图7 三山岛北部海域金矿不同阶段的石英热释光参数变化

Fig.7 Changes of quartz thermoluminescence parameters through mineralization stages I-III in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图8 三山岛北部海域矿区32号勘探线石英热释光参数垂向变化特征

Fig.8 Characteristics of vertical fluctuations of quartz thermoluminescence parameters along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图9 三山岛北部海域金矿不同成矿阶段石英晶胞参数变化曲线

Fig.9 Changes of quartz cell parameters through metallogenic stages I-III in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图10 三山岛北部海域金矿32号勘探线石英晶胞参数垂向变化特征

Fig.10 Characteristics of vertical fluctuations of quartz cell parameters along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图11 三山岛北部海域金矿石英的峰位温度-金品位(a)和发光强度-金品位(b)相关性

Fig.11 Correlation between quartz peak temperature (a) or luminescence intensity (b) and gold grade in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

图12 三山岛北部海域金矿32号勘探线石英的峰位温度和金品位等值线垂直纵投影图(a)以及发光强度和金品位等值线垂直纵投影图(b) 虚线为金品位等值线。

Fig.12 Vertical projections of quartz peak temperature/gold grade (dash lines) contours (a) or luminescence intensity/gold grade (dash line) contours (b) along No.32 exploratory line in the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao

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胶东三山岛北部海域金矿床石英热释光和晶胞参数特征及其找矿意义

Characteristics and prospecting significance of thermoluminescence patterns and cell parameters of quartz from the undersea gold deposit off northern Sanshandao, Jiaodong Peninsula

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