石油类污染的岩溶地下水环境特征:以淄博市大武水源地为例

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.23

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 539-547.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.23

• 表层地球系统与生态环境效应 • 上一篇下一篇

石油类污染的岩溶地下水环境特征:以淄博市大武水源地为例

郭永丽¹^,²(), 肖琼¹^,², 章程¹^,²^,^*(), 吴庆¹^,²

1.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 广西桂林, 541004
2.联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心/岩溶动力系统与全球变化国际联合研究中心, 广西桂林, 541004

收稿日期:2021-08-26 修回日期:2021-11-28 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-01-05
通信作者: 章程
作者简介:郭永丽(1989—),女,博士,副研究员,主要从事岩溶地下水环境方面的研究工作。E-mail: ylguo89@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFE0204700);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0107100);对发展中国家科技援助项目(KY201802009);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFDA050002);国家自然科学基金项目(41702277);中国科学院国际合作局国际伙伴计划项目(132852KYSB20170029-01)

Characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted karst groundwater environment: A case study of groundwater source in Dawu, Zibo City, northern China

GUO Yongli¹^,²(), XIAO Qiong¹^,², ZHANG Cheng¹^,²^,^*(), WU Qing¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR and GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
2. International Research Centre on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO; National Center for International Research on Karst Dynamic System and Global Change, Guilin 541004, China

Received:2021-08-26 Revised:2021-11-28 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-01-05
Contact: ZHANG Cheng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

岩溶裂隙水资源是北方重要的供水水源,文中选取山东省淄博市大武岩溶裂隙水源地为例,开展石油类污染的岩溶地下水环境特征研究,不仅为岩溶地下水资源的可持续开发利用提供指导,也为岩溶裂隙水环境演化研究奠定基础。文中选取地下水水位、t、pH值、Eh、DO、 $NO 3 -$ 、 $SO 4 2 -$ 、 $HCO 3 -$ 、Cl^-、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,2,3-三氯丙烷、四氯乙烯、三氯乙烯和ΣVOCs作为石油类有机物污染的岩溶地下水环境指标,利用同位素技术、多元统计法和图解法等分析各指标间的相互作用机制来揭示石油类污染地下水的过程及影响程度。区内地下水水动力场和环境条件有利于有机物生物降解作用的发生,有氧和厌氧呼吸同时存在,且无产甲烷过程的发生;ΣVOCs占DOC的比例较小,但仍是影响地下水环境的主要因素之一;地下水体中DIC来源于有机物生物降解的平均百分率为33.93%;综合考虑石油类污染的地下水水化学特征可更有效地解译地下水环境的影响机制。

关键词: 石油类污染, 岩溶地下水环境指标, 相互作用机制

Abstract:

Karst aquifers are the main source of water in northern China. Here, the Dawu karst aquifer, located in Zibo City, Shandong Province, China, is selected to study the environmental characteristics of groundwater pollution due to petroleum hydrocarbons contamination, which would provide scientific guidance for sustainable utilization of karst groundwater resources and lay the foundation for studying the evolution of karst groundwater environment. Groundwater level, temperature, pH, Eh, DO, $NO 3 -$ , $SO 4 2 -$ , $HCO 3 -$ , Cl^-, trichloromethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene and ΣVOCs are selected as the hydrogeochemical indicators. Isotope technique, multivariable statistical method, graphical method and other methods are used to analyze the interrelationships among the hydrogeochemical indicators, in order to reveal the pollution processes and their influencing factors. Hydrodynamic field and environmental conditions in the aquifer are suitable for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The occurrences of aerobic and anaerobic respiration without methanogenic activities are demonstrated by hydrogeochemical indicators and isotopes. Although ΣVOC is the small part of DOC in the groundwater system, petroleum hydrocarbons are one of the most important factors influencing groundwater environment contributing 33.93% groundwater DIC on average. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the chemical characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbons-polluted groundwater can help to better understand the mechanisms influencing groundwater environment.

Key words: petroleum hydrocarbons, hydrogeochemical indicators, interrelationships

中图分类号:

X54
P641.12

郭永丽, 肖琼, 章程, 吴庆. 石油类污染的岩溶地下水环境特征:以淄博市大武水源地为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(2): 539-547.

GUO Yongli, XIAO Qiong, ZHANG Cheng, WU Qing. Characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted karst groundwater environment: A case study of groundwater source in Dawu, Zibo City, northern China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(2): 539-547.

图/表 8

图1 研究区 a—水文地质简图和取样点;b—水文地质剖面图A—B。

Fig.1 The study area. (a) the schematic hydrogeological map and sampling points, (b) the hydrogeological section map from point A to point B

表1 污染源区监测井中挥发性有机物检出组分、检出率及占ΣVOCs百分比

Table 1 Detection rate of VOC and percentage of VOC in total VOCs of groundwater monitoring wells located at the contamination site

序号	检出组分	检出率/%	百分比/%	序号	检出组分	检出率/%	百分比/%
1	三氯甲烷	100.00	47.34	9	1,1-二氯乙烯	50.00	0.90
2	1,2-二氯丙烷	100.00	3.16	10	1,2-二氯乙烷	33.33	0.29
3	1,2,3-三氯丙烷	100.00	0.94	11	顺-1,2-二氯乙烯	33.33	0.74
4	四氯乙烯	100.00	2.20	12	1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷	16.67	0.84
5	三氯乙烯	100.00	2.60	13	二氯甲烷	16.67	0.82
6	1,1-二氯乙烷	83.33	10.49	14	反-1,2-二氯乙烯	16.67	0.61
7	1,1,2-三氯乙烷	83.33	24.64	15	氯苯	16.67	0.04
8	四氯化碳	50.00	4.40

图2 降水量和监测井地下水水位随时间变化图

Fig.2 Variation curves of precipitation and groundwater levels in monitoring wells over time

图3 地下水水位的时空变化特征

Fig.3 Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of groundwater levels

图4 ΣVOCs、DO、 NO 3 -、 SO 4 2 -、 HCO 3 -和Cl-的空间分布图

Fig.4 Spatial distribution maps of ΣVOCs, DO, NO 3 -, SO 4 2 -, HCO 3 - and Cl-

表2 各环境指标的最小值、最大值和平均值

Table 2 Minimum, maximum and average values of groundwater environment indexes

指标	t/℃	pH		Eh/mv		c_B/(mg·L^-1)
指标	t/℃	pH		Eh/mv		DO		Cl^-		$SO 4 2 -$		$HCO 3 -$		$NO 3 -$
最小值	15.72	6.78		150.1		2.72		59.95		75.23		242.88		34.79
最大值	25.85	7.46		209.3		9.25		159.72		191.8		302.71		78
平均值	20.13	7.13		181.3		6.44		106.04		122.81		277.79		53.44
指标	DOC /(mg∙L^-1)		c_B/(μg∙L^-1)
指标	DOC /(mg∙L^-1)		三氯甲烷		1,2-二氯丙烷		1,2,3-三氯丙烷		四氯乙烯		三氯乙烯		ΣVOCs
最小值	0.65		0.49		0.24		0.23		0.34		0.28		2.66
最大值	1.79		268		15.82		3.99		11.44		14.24		547.96
平均值	1.25		50.65		4.17		2.19		3.45		4.3		111.61

表2 各环境指标的最小值、最大值和平均值

Table 2 Minimum, maximum and average values of groundwater environment indexes

指标	t/℃	pH		Eh/mv		c_B/(mg·L^-1)
指标	t/℃	pH		Eh/mv		DO		Cl^-		$SO 4 2 -$		$HCO 3 -$		$NO 3 -$
最小值	15.72	6.78		150.1		2.72		59.95		75.23		242.88		34.79
最大值	25.85	7.46		209.3		9.25		159.72		191.8		302.71		78
平均值	20.13	7.13		181.3		6.44		106.04		122.81		277.79		53.44
指标	DOC /(mg∙L^-1)		c_B/(μg∙L^-1)
指标	DOC /(mg∙L^-1)		三氯甲烷		1,2-二氯丙烷		1,2,3-三氯丙烷		四氯乙烯		三氯乙烯		ΣVOCs
最小值	0.65		0.49		0.24		0.23		0.34		0.28		2.66
最大值	1.79		268		15.82		3.99		11.44		14.24		547.96
平均值	1.25		50.65		4.17		2.19		3.45		4.3		111.61

图5 DIC和δ13CDIC的相关关系(虚线代表的地下水系统中相关的水文地球化学过程)

Fig.5 Relationship between DIC and δ13CDIC of sampling points. The dotted lines were the occurrent processes in the groundwater system

图6 δ13CDOC和ΣVOCs(a),δ13CDOC和DOC(b)相关关系图

Fig.6 Relationships maps of ΣVOCs vs δ13CDOC (a) and DOC vs δ13CDOC (b)

参考文献 31

[1]	GHASEMIZADEH R, HELLWEGER F, BUTSCHER C, et al. Review: groundwater flow and transport modeling of Karst aquifers, with particular reference to the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2012, 20(8): 1441-1461. PMID
[2]	韩行瑞. 岩溶水文地质学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2015.
[3]	LANG F S, DESTAIN J, DELVIGNE F, et al. Characterization and evaluation of the potential of a diesel-degrading bacterial consortium isolated from fresh mangrove sediment[J]. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 2016, 227(2): 1-20. DOI URL
[4]	LEE T H, CAO W Z, TSANG D C W, et al. Emulsified polycolloid substrate biobarrier for benzene and petroleum-hydrocarbon plume containment and migration control: a field-scale study[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 666: 839-848. DOI URL
[5]	ZHU X Y, LIU J L, ZHU J J, et al. Characteristics of distribution and transport of petroleum contaminants in fracture-Karst water in Zibo Area, Shandong Province, China[J]. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 2000, 43(2): 141-150.
[6]	VARJANI S J, UPASANI V N. A new look on factors affecting microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants[J]. International Biodeteriorationand Biodegradation, 2017, 120: 71-83.
[7]	MARIĆ N, MATIĆ I, PAPIĆ P, et al. Natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbons-a study of biodegradation effects in groundwater (Vitanovac, Serbia)[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018, 190(2): 89. DOI PMID
[8]	CASSIDY D P, SRIVASTAVA V J, DOMBROWSKI F J, et al. Combining in situ chemical oxidation, stabilization, and anaerobic bioremediation in a single application to reduce contaminant mass and leachability in soil[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 297: 347-355. DOI URL
[9]	CHIU H Y, VERPOORT F, LIU J K, et al. Using intrinsic bioremediation for petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater cleanup and migration containment: effectiveness and mechanism evaluation[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2017, 72: 53-61. DOI URL
[10]	LV H, SU X S, WANG Y, et al. Effectiveness and mechanism of natural attenuation at a petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated site[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 206: 293-301. DOI PMID
[11]	LV H, WANG Y, WANG H. Determination of major pollutant and biogeochemical processes in an oil-contaminated aquifer using human health risk assessment and multivariate statistical analysis[J]. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: an International Journal, 2019, 25(3): 505-526. DOI URL
[12]	LV H, WANG Y, SU X S, et al. Combined ¹⁴C and δ¹³C analysis of petroleum biodegradation in a shallow contaminated aquifer[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2015, 74(1): 431-438. DOI URL
[13]	李培月. 人类活动影响下地下水环境研究: 以宁夏卫宁平原为例[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2014.
[14]	李沫蕊, 王韦舒, 任姝娟, 等. 运用改进综合评分法筛选典型污染物的研究: 以大武水源地地下水典型污染物筛选为例[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2014, 36(11): 72-77.
[15]	郭永丽, 吴庆, 翟远征, 等. 某水源地地下水中石油类有机污染特征[J]. 人民黄河, 2018, 40(10): 61-65, 81.
[16]	陈余道, 朱学愚, 刘建立. 淄博市大武水源地地下水中苯的归宿与治理建议[J]. 科学通报, 1998, 43(1): 81-85.
[17]	刘新华, 傅家谟, 沈照理, 等. 油类污染过程中地下水地球化学环境的变化: 以山东省淄博市某地下水水源地为例[J]. 地球化学, 1996, 25(4): 331-338.
[18]	GUO Y L, WU Q, LI C S, et al. Application of the risk-based early warning method in a fracture-Karst water source, North China[J]. Water Environment Research, 2018, 90(3): 206-219. DOI PMID
[19]	GUO Y L, WEN Z, ZHANG C, et al. Contamination and natural attenuation characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbons in a fractured Karst aquifer, North China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020, 27(18): 22780-22794. DOI URL
[20]	GUO Y L, ZHAI Y Z, WU Q, et al. Proposed APLIE method for groundwater vulnerability assessment in Karst-phreatic aquifer, Shandong Province, China: a case study[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(2): 1-14, 112. DOI URL
[21]	李铎, 王孝勤. 大武水源地地下水位下降防治对策[J]. 河北地质学院学报, 1996, 19(2): 127-131.
[22]	KANDUČ T, GRASSA F, MCINTOSH J, et al. A geochemical and stable isotope investigation of groundwater/surface-water interactions in the Velenje Basin, Slovenia[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2014, 22(4): 971-984. DOI URL
[23]	VERBOVŠEK T, KANDUČ T. Isotope geochemistry of groundwater from fractured dolomite aquifers in central Slovenia[J]. Aquatic Geochemistry, 2016, 22(2): 131-151. DOI URL
[24]	高宗军, 孙金凤, 鲁统民, 等. 淄博市大武水源地地下水有机污染物种类与分析评价[J]. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 38(4): 1-9.
[25]	梁小明, 张嘉妮, 陈小方, 等. 我国人为源挥发性有机物反应性排放清单[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(3): 845-854.
[26]	中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 5749—2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006.
[27]	蓝俊康. 山东淄博市临淄区地下水水-岩作用模型[J]. 桂林工学院学报, 1996, 16(4): 410-414.
[28]	YU X, GHASEMIZADEH R, PADILLA I, et al. Spatiotemporal changes of CVOC concentrations in Karst aquifers: analysis of three decades of data from Puerto Rico[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 511: 1-10. DOI URL
[29]	刘松霖. 淄博市大武水源地地下水水质演化规律分析及污染趋势预测[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2013.
[30]	PARKER S R, GAMMONS C H, SMITH M G, et al. Behavior of stable isotopes of dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrate in groundwater at a former wood treatment facility containing hydrocarbon contamination[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2012, 27(6): 1101-1110. DOI URL
[31]	郭永丽, 全洗强, 王奇岗, 等. 大武岩溶水源地地下水水化学特征及其影响因素[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2020, 18(4): 130-140.

石油类污染的岩溶地下水环境特征:以淄博市大武水源地为例

Characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted karst groundwater environment: A case study of groundwater source in Dawu, Zibo City, northern China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 31

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	涂春霖, 和成忠, 马一奇, 尹林虎, 陶兰初, 杨明花. 珠江流域沉积物重金属污染特征、生态风险及来源解析[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(3): 410-419.
[2]	刘海, 魏伟, 宋阳, 潘杨, 李迎春. 霍邱县城湖泊沉积物重金属污染特征、潜在生态风险及来源[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(3): 420-431.
[3]	曹伟, 张雷, 秦延文, 迟明慧, 赵艳民, 杨晨晨, 时瑶. 云蒙湖表层沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(5): 448-455.