基于多源遥感数据的月球薛定谔盆地及邻区地质特征和演化分析

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.9.11

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 525-538.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.9.11

• 非主题来稿选登 • 上一篇

基于多源遥感数据的月球薛定谔盆地及邻区地质特征和演化分析

王颖¹^,²(), 丁孝忠¹^,²^,^*(), 韩坤英¹^,², 陈剑³, 刘敬稳⁴, 陆天启⁵, 王俊涛⁴, 石成龙¹^,², 金铭¹^,², 庞健峰¹^,²

1.中国地质科学院地质研究所, 北京 100037
2.中国地质调查局全国地质编图研究中心, 北京 100037
3.山东大学空间科学研究院, 山东威海 264209
4.中国科学院地球化学研究所月球与行星科学研究中心, 贵州贵阳 550002
5.广州海洋地质调查局三亚南海地质研究所, 海南三亚 510075

收稿日期:2022-06-10 修回日期:2022-09-08 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-07
通讯作者: *丁孝忠(1963—),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事区域地质和地质编图研究工作。E⁃mail: xiaozhongding@sina.com
作者简介:王颖(1997—),女,博士研究生,主要从事月球与行星地质编图与对比研究工作。E-mail: wymaggie0312@163.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221645);国家自然科学基金专项项目(41941003);科学技术部科技基础性工作专项项目“月球数字地质图编研”(2015FY210500)

Geological characteristics and evolution of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent areas: Insights from multi-source remote sensing data

WANG Ying¹^,²(), DING Xiaozhong¹^,²^,^*(), HAN Kunying¹^,², CHEN Jian³, LIU Jingwen⁴, LU Tianqi⁵, WANG Juntao⁴, SHI Chenglong¹^,², JIN Ming¹^,², PANG Jianfeng¹^,²

1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geology Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2. National Research Center of Geological Mapping, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China
3. Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
4. Lunar and Planetary Sciences Research Center, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
5. Sanya Institute of South China Sea Geology, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Sanya 510075, China

Received:2022-06-10 Revised:2022-09-08 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

薛定谔盆地位于月球背面南极-艾肯盆地西南部的盆底与盆缘过渡处,盆地结构较为完整,形成于晚雨海世,是典型的峰环盆地,研究该区域地质演化历史有助于研究月球峰环盆地的演化过程。本文利用多源遥感数据并综合前人研究成果,对研究区开展了区域地质综合分析,主要包括地质地貌特征、岩石类型分布、构造要素以及盆地的演化过程等。与前人相比,使用较新的遥感数据和撞击坑统计年代学模型对盆地内的月海玄武岩进行了分布范围厘定和定年,得到了更精确的年龄,丰富了研究区内的构造形迹数据库,探讨了更具综合性的区域地质演化过程。得到的结果如下:研究区内出露的岩石以亚铁斜长岩套、亚铁苏长岩套和镁质斜长岩套为主,月海玄武岩、纯斜长岩、富橄榄石岩套以及火成碎屑岩零星分布,两块月海玄武岩单元的绝对模式年龄分别为3.26和3.36 Ga,为晚雨海世玄武岩;研究区内9类构造发育,其中坑底断裂、质量瘤和火山口可能是在盆地后续的重力均衡过程中逐渐形成的;薛定谔盆地的形成过程主要分为撞击成盆前、成盆期以及成盆后改造期3个阶段。

关键词: 薛定谔盆地, 区域地质演化, 多源遥感数据融合

Abstract:

The Schrödinger basin is a typical lunar peak-ring basin formed in the Late Imbran with well-preserved, relatively complete basin structure. It is located at the transition zone between the floor and the southwestern rim of the South Pole-Aiken basin on the far side of the Moon. Insights into the geological evolution of the Schrödinger basin can help to better understand the evolution of the peak-ring basins in general. In this paper, using multi-source remote sensing data, combined with previous research results, we created an 1∶2500000 geological map of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent area and performed comprehensive geological analysis to investigate the basin’s topographic features, lithologic distribution characteristics, structural features, and evolution. Based on the state-of-art remote sensing data and newly updated crater size-frequency distribution we determined the extent of basalt units in the basin and obtained more accurate ages for the basalt units; besides, we identified additional structural features of the study area and developed a more comprehensive view on the regional geological evolution compared to previous studies. According to our analysis, the main rock types in the Schrödinger basin were ferroan anorthosite suite, ferroan norite suite, and magnesian anorthosite suite, along with sporadically distributed basalts, anorthosite, olivine-rich outcrops, and pyroclastic deposits. The absolute model ages of two mare basalt units were 3.26 and 3.36 Ga, respectively, indicating they belong to the Upper Imbrian strata. There were nine structural styles identified in the study area, among which crater-floor fractures, mascon, and volcanic vent might have gradually formed, post depositional, during gravitational equilibrium. We concluded that the formation of the Schrödinger basin could be divided into three stages: pre-impact, basin forming, and post-depositional reconstruction.

Key words: Schrödinger basin, evolution of regional geology, multi-source remote sensing data fusion

中图分类号:

P184.62

王颖, 丁孝忠, 韩坤英, 陈剑, 刘敬稳, 陆天启, 王俊涛, 石成龙, 金铭, 庞健峰. 基于多源遥感数据的月球薛定谔盆地及邻区地质特征和演化分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(4): 525-538.

WANG Ying, DING Xiaozhong, HAN Kunying, CHEN Jian, LIU Jingwen, LU Tianqi, WANG Juntao, SHI Chenglong, JIN Ming, PANG Jianfeng. Geological characteristics and evolution of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent areas: Insights from multi-source remote sensing data[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(4): 525-538.

图/表 9

图1 月球南极-艾肯地区影像图

Fig.1 Satellite image of the South Pole-Aitken region showing the surface features of the lunar peak-ring basins

图2 1∶2 500 000薛定谔盆地及邻区地质图

Fig.2 1∶2500000 geological map of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent areas

图3 薛定谔盆地的WAC影像图

Fig.3 WAC image of the Schrödinger basin

图4 薛定谔盆地地形特征 (a)—LOLA高程图;(b)—剖面线AB、CD对应的剖面图;(c)—坡度图;(d)—表面粗糙度图。

Fig.4 Topographic features of the Schrödinger basin

图5 薛定谔盆地岩石分布概略图

Fig.5 Lithological map of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent area

图6 薛定谔盆地中月海玄武岩分布位置及定年结果 (a)Kaguya TC数据TCO_MAPs02_S72E132S75E135SC;(b)Kaguya TC数据TCO_ MAPs02_S72E135S75E138SC;(c)绿色玄武岩单元定年结果;(d)红色玄武岩单元定年结果。

Fig.6 Distribution of basalt units in the Schrödinger basin (a, b) and the dating results (c, d)

图7 薛定谔盆地线性构造解译结果 a—撞击坑链(粉色箭头)分布位置,底图为WAC影像;b—A—A'为撞击坑链高程剖面线,底图为LOLA高程数据和WAC影像数据叠加;c、d—A—A'、B—B'的地形剖面;e—撞击断裂(红色箭头)、盆底断裂(白色箭头)和浅层断裂(绿色箭头)分布位置,底图为WAC影像;f—B—B'、C—C'、D—D'分别为撞击断裂、盆底断裂和浅层断裂剖面线,底图为LOLA高程数据和WAC影像数据叠加;g、h—C—C'、D—D'的地形剖面。

Fig.7 Interpreted linear structures in the Schrödinger basin

图8 薛定谔盆地环形构造解译结果 a、b—质量瘤(黑色箭头)附近GRAIL布格重力异常和月壳厚度数据;c、d—A—A' 的重力异常剖面和B—B'的地形剖面;e—火山口(红色箭头)附近WAC影像;f—火山口(红色箭头)附近LOLA高程数据和WAC影像叠加。

Fig.8 Interpreted circular structures in the Schrödinger basin

图9 薛定谔盆地形成演化过程示意图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram describing the formation and evolution of the Schrödinger basin

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基于多源遥感数据的月球薛定谔盆地及邻区地质特征和演化分析

Geological characteristics and evolution of the Schrödinger basin and adjacent areas: Insights from multi-source remote sensing data

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