南海北部—东海南部中生代盆地演化与油气资源潜力

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.7.8

地学前缘 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 294-302.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.7.8

• 海洋地质和新生代地质 • 上一篇下一篇

南海北部—东海南部中生代盆地演化与油气资源潜力

王明健¹^,²(), 潘军¹, 高红芳³, 黄龙¹^,^*(), 李霞¹

1.中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所, 山东青岛 266071
2.海洋国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 山东青岛 266071
3.中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局, 广州 510075

收稿日期:2021-04-21 修回日期:2021-06-22 出版日期:2022-03-25 发布日期:2022-03-31
通讯作者: 黄龙
作者简介:王明健(1983—),男,高级工程师,从事盆地构造与油气成藏研究。E-mail: wangmingjian0328@qq.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20160137);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190205);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190208);国家自然科学基金项目(41606079)

Mesozoic basin evolution and hydrocarbon potential in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

WANG Mingjian¹^,²(), PAN Jun¹, GAO Hongfang³, HUANG Long¹^,^*(), LI Xia¹

1. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, CGS, Qingdao 266071
2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071
3. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,CGS, Guangzhou 510075

Received:2021-04-21 Revised:2021-06-22 Online:2022-03-25 Published:2022-03-31
Contact: HUANG Long

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前的勘探成果表明,南海北部到东海南部的广阔海域普遍发育中生代地层,但是除了在台西南盆地发现工业油气藏之外,其他地区的中生界尚未有大的勘探突破。本次研究将中生代南海北部—东海南部作为一个整体,开展大地构造背景分析,厘清各构造时期盆地的性质及其形成演化机制,探讨油气资源潜力。结果表明:南海北部—东海南部从晚三叠世到白垩纪整体为一个大型盆地,盆地的演化受其周围板块相互运动所控制;晚三叠世(T₃)主要受特提斯构造域控制,发育被动陆缘边缘海沉积盆地;从早侏罗世(J₁)到早白垩世均受古太平洋板块(伊泽奈崎板块)向欧亚板块俯冲机制的控制,其中早—中侏罗世(J_1-2)发育弧前坳陷盆地,晚侏罗—早白垩世(J₃—K₁)盆地性质为弧后断陷盆地;晚白垩世(K₂)受太平洋板块、欧亚板块和印度板块的联合控制,性质依然为弧后断陷盆地,与前期相比,裂陷强度加大;海水由东南方向侵入,地层垂向上由海相向陆相逐渐过渡,由东南向西北和东北方向,水体逐渐变浅,亦由海相向陆相逐渐演变;中生界在南海北部潮汕坳陷等地区发育深海相和海湾相泥岩,在东海南部基隆坳陷也发育良好的海湾相泥岩,生烃潜力大,具有形成大型油气藏的物质基础和地质条件,勘探潜力巨大。本次研究结果可以为南海北部—东海南部中生界的油气资源勘探提供依据。

关键词: 南海北部—东海南部, 中生界, 盆地演化, 构造环境, 油气资源

Abstract:

The current exploration results show that the Mesozoic strata are widely developed in the vase sea area from the northern South China Sea to southern East China Sea. However, no major exploration breakthroughs in the Mesozoic strata has been made except for the discovery of industrial oil and gas reservoirs in the southwestern Taiwan basin. In this study, the Mesozoic strata across this entire sea area were studied as a whole, where an unified tectonic background analysis was conducted to uncover the nature of this large basin as well as its formation and evolution mechanism in each tectonic period; the hydrocarbon resource potential in the Mesozoic strata was also explored. The results show that this large basin spans from the Late Triassic to Cretaceous, and the evolution of the basin is controlled by the mutual movements of the surrounding plates. The basin is mainly controlled by the Tethys structural domain in the Late Triassic (T₃), and its nature is passive continental margin marine sedimentary basin. From the Early Jurassic (J₁) to Early Cretaceous the basin is controlled by the subduction between the Paleo-Pacific plate (izonesaki plate) and Eurasian plate, where fore-arc depression basin from the Early-Middle Jurassic (J_1-2) and back-arc fault basin from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (J₃-K₁) are developed. Presently, it is still a back-arc fault basin in the Late Cretaceous (K₂) under the joint control of the Pacific, Eurasian and Indian plates, with increased intensity of rifting compared with the previous period. The sea water intrudes from the southeast direction, and the stratum transits from the sea to the land vertically. From south to the northwest and northeast, with the water depth gradually becoming shallow, the stratum also transits from the sea to the land. The Mesozoic developed deep-sea facies and bay facies mudstones in the Chaoshan depression of the northern South China Sea, and bay facies mudstones in the Jilong depression of the southern East China Sea, with great hydrocarbon generation potential. Overall, the Mesozoic strata have the material basis and geological conditions for forming large oil and gas reservoirs with great exploration potential. The results of this study can provide a basis for the exploration of Mesozoic oil and gas resources in this vast sea area.

Key words: northern South China Sea to southern East China Sea, Mesozoic, basin evolution, tectonic environment, hydrocarbon resource

中图分类号:

P744

王明健, 潘军, 高红芳, 黄龙, 李霞. 南海北部—东海南部中生代盆地演化与油气资源潜力[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(2): 294-302.

WANG Mingjian, PAN Jun, GAO Hongfang, HUANG Long, LI Xia. Mesozoic basin evolution and hydrocarbon potential in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(2): 294-302.

图/表 7

图1 南海北部—东海南部构造单元区划略图

Fig.1 Tectonic divisions from the northern South China Sea to southern East China Sea

图2 东海南部和南海北部中生代地层对比

Fig.2 Mesozoic stratigraphic correlation between the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

图3 东海南部和南海北部地震波组特征对比图A东海中南部剖面;图B南海北部剖面。剖面位置见图1。

Fig.3 Characteristics of seismic wave groups in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

图4 南海北部和东海南部晚三叠(T3)时期盆地分布

Fig.4 Late Triassic (T3) basin in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

图5 南海北部和东海南部早—中侏罗世(J1-2)时期盆地性质及分布

Fig.5 Early-Middle Jurassic (J1-2) basin in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

图6 南海北部—东海南部晚侏罗世—白垩纪(J3—K)时期盆地性质及分布

Fig.6 Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (J3-K1) basin in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

图7 南海北部—东海南部中生界厚度图

Fig.7 Contour map of the thickness of the Mesozoic strata of the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

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南海北部—东海南部中生代盆地演化与油气资源潜力

Mesozoic basin evolution and hydrocarbon potential in the northern South China Sea and southern East China Sea

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