硅藻生物多样性对千年尺度气候突变的快速响应:以云南云龙天池湖泊末次冰消期记录为例

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.22

地学前缘 ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 289-299.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.22

硅藻生物多样性对千年尺度气候突变的快速响应:以云南云龙天池湖泊末次冰消期记录为例

罗海¹(), 李杰¹^,^*(), 邹亚菲², 徐会明³

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.云南大学云南地球系统科学重点实验室, 云南昆明 650500
3.云南省云龙天池国家级自然保护区管护局, 云南云龙 672700

收稿日期:2020-03-19 修回日期:2020-05-28 出版日期:2020-11-02 发布日期:2020-11-02
通信作者: 李杰
作者简介:罗海(1994—),男,硕士研究生,地质工程专业生态环境与城市地质方向。E-mail: luohai0417@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41772379);国家自然科学基金项目(41572348);国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFA0603400);中国科学院战略性先导科技项目(XDB26000000)

Rapid response of diatom biodiversity to millennial-scale abrupt change of climate: a case study of the last glacial record of the Yunlong Lake, Yunnan Province

LUO Hai¹(), LI Jie¹^,^*(), ZOU Yafei², XU Huiming³

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
3. Management and Protection Bureau for Yunlong Tianchi National Nature Reserve, Yunlong 672700, China

Received:2020-03-19 Revised:2020-05-28 Online:2020-11-02 Published:2020-11-02
Contact: LI Jie

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湖泊是全球生态系统的重要组成部分。尽管湖泊初级生产力的生物多样性在湖泊生态系统中发挥着非常重要的作用,但对其如何在千年时间尺度上对气候变化做出响应却知之甚少,而千年时间尺度与预测未来变化最为相关。本文以云南云龙天池湖泊为研究对象,以湖泊重要的初级生产力硅藻为研究手段,分析了末次冰消期期间硅藻生物多样性对千年尺度上气候变化的响应。云龙天池硅藻生物多样性表现为暖期高、冷期低。随着全球温度的快速变化,硅藻生物多样性亦对应的快速响应:在转暖时(Bolling/Allerod暖期)快速增加,在转冷时(Herinrich 1和Younger Dryas)快速降低。这些变化主要与温度变化驱动的湖泊环境条件的变化(比如冰封期长短、边岸带水生植被的变化等)有关。研究结果还表明,在末次冰消期期间,云龙天池湖泊硅藻生物多样性与千年尺度的气候变化同步,而且在长时间尺度上,气候变暖对高山湖泊生物多样性可能是有利的。

关键词: 硅藻, 生物多样性, 末次冰消期, 千年尺度, 云龙天池

Abstract:

Lakes are an important component of the global ecosystems. Although biodiversity plays a very important role in lake’s primary productivity and lake ecosystems, little is known about how it responded to climate change on the millennial timescale most relevant for predicting future changes. Diatoms are one of the important primary producers in lakes and their siliceous valves can be stably preserved in lake sediments for a long time, so they are an excellent indicator for the study of lake biodiversity changes in geologic times. In this study, we use diatom records from a 10.63 m comprehensive core obtained in the Yunlong Lake, southwest monsoon region of China to reveal the response of the lake biodiversity to the rapid climate change on the millennium timescale. The final age of the core was determined by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)¹⁴C dating and Bacon age-depth modelling. Combining with diatom assemblage and α-diversity analysis, the evolutionary history of diatom diversity in the last deglaciation (569-1 063 cm, 19~10 calkyr B.P.) of the lake was constructed. The diatom assemblage and diatom diversity changes in the Yunlong Lake during the last glaciation can be divided into six intervals, including the late Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the Early Last Deglaciation (E-LD), Herinrich 1 (H1), Bolling/Allerod (B/A), Younger Dryas (YD), and the Early Holocene (E-Holo). The variation of diatom diversity was generally high during warm periods (E-LD, B/A) and low during cold periods (LGM, H1, YD). At the same time, with the rapid change of global temperature, diatom diversity also responded rapidly: it increased rapidly when temperature turned warm (B/A warm period) and decreased rapidly when temperature turned cold (H1 and YD). These changes were mainly related to the changes of lake environmental conditions (such as the length of ice-cover period and the changes of aquatic vegetation in littoral zone, etc.) driven by temperature changes. Our results show that during the last deglaciation period, diatom biodiversity responded quickly to the millennium-scale abrupt climate events and synchronized with rapid climate fluctuations; on a long timescale, climate warming may be beneficial to the maintenance of biodiversity of alpine lakes.

Key words: diatom, biodiversity, last deglaciation, millennial-scale, Yunlong Lake

中图分类号:

罗海, 李杰, 邹亚菲, 徐会明. 硅藻生物多样性对千年尺度气候突变的快速响应:以云南云龙天池湖泊末次冰消期记录为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(6): 289-299.

LUO Hai, LI Jie, ZOU Yafei, XU Huiming. Rapid response of diatom biodiversity to millennial-scale abrupt change of climate: a case study of the last glacial record of the Yunlong Lake, Yunnan Province[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(6): 289-299.

图/表 5

图1 云南云龙天池的地理位置示意图(a)和形态图(b) 红星为YL-AB钻孔位置。a来源: https://maps.ngdc.noaa.gov/viewers/wcs-client/;b来源:Google Earth。

Fig.1 Sketch map of geographic location (a) and topography (b) of the Yunlong Lake in Yunnan Province

图2 云龙天池沉积复合岩心YL-AB年龄-深度模型(据文献[39]修改) 浅蓝色标记为校准后的14C年龄,灰色阴影为最可能的年龄区间,黑色虚线为95%的置信区间,红色虚线为加权平均年龄。

Fig.2 YL-AB age-depth model for the sedimentary composite core from the Yunlong Lake. Modified after[39].

图3 云龙天池末次冰消期硅藻组合演替序列(据文献[39]修改)

Fig.3 Succession sequence of diatom assemblage during the last deglaciation of the Yunlong Lake. Modified after[39].

图4 云龙天池末次冰消期硅藻生物多样性指标变化

Fig.4 Changes of diatom biodiversity indices during the last deglaciation of the Yunlong Lake

图5 硅藻生物多样性对温度变化的响应(北极温度重建记录来自文献[35];格陵兰冰芯氧同位素记录来自文献[54])

Fig.5 Response of diatom biodiversity to temperature change. Arctic temperature reconstruction records from[35]; Oxygen isotope records of the Greenland ice core from[54].

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硅藻生物多样性对千年尺度气候突变的快速响应:以云南云龙天池湖泊末次冰消期记录为例

Rapid response of diatom biodiversity to millennial-scale abrupt change of climate: a case study of the last glacial record of the Yunlong Lake, Yunnan Province

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