地学前缘 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 78-90.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.28

• 特提斯成矿带战略资源地球化学调查评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

老挝沉积物中金的分布特征及成矿远景区预测

王玮1,2,3,4(), 王学求1,2,4,*(), 张必敏1,2,4,*(), 刘东盛1,2,4, 刘汉粮1,2,3,4, Sounthone LAOLO5, Phomsylalai SOUKSAN5, 迟清华1,2,4, 周建1,2,4, 韩志轩6   

  1. 1.自然资源部地球化学探测重点实验室, 河北 廊坊 065000
    2.中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北 廊坊 065000
    3.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
    4.联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北 廊坊 065000
    5.老挝人民民主共和国能源与矿产部地矿司, 老挝 万象 01000
    6.中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所, 北京 100037
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-02 修回日期:2024-10-08 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 通信作者: *王学求(1963—),男,博士,研究员,从事应用地球化学和全球地球化学基准研究。E-mail: wxueqiu@mail.cgs.gov.cn;张必敏(1981—),男,博士,研究员,从事应用地球化学和深穿透地球化学研究。E-mail: zbimin@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • 作者简介:王 玮(1984—),女,博士研究生,教授级高级工程师,从事应用地球化学和全球地球化学基准研究。E-mail: cgswangwei@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U2244219);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600600);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221807);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230131);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230623)

Characterization of gold distribution in sediments and prediction of gold prospectivity in Laos

WANG Wei1,2,3,4(), WANG Xueqiu1,2,4,*(), ZHANG Bimin1,2,4,*(), LIU Dongsheng1,2,4, LIU Hanliang1,2,3,4, Sounthone LAOLO5, Phomsylalai SOUKSAN5, CHI Qinghua1,2,4, ZHOU Jian1,2,4, HAN Zhixuan6   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Langfang 065000, China
    2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
    3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    4. UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
    5. Department of Geology and Minerals, Ministry of Energy and Mines, Vientiane 01000, Laos
    6. Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
  • Received:2024-08-02 Revised:2024-10-08 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-01-15

摘要:

在推进“一带一路”倡议的基础上,中老两国开展了1∶1 000 000国家尺度地球化学填图工作。本次研究是首次在老挝全国范围开展优势矿种金的地球化学研究工作。初步研究了老挝全国金地球化学背景和空间分布特征,圈定了老挝全国金的地球化学异常并划分了金的勘查远景区。本次研究共采集地球化学样品2 079件,采用高精度分析技术泡沫塑料吸附-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和严格的质量控制,分析了金元素。研究结果表明,老挝水系沉积物金含量为0.10~913.70 ng/g,平均值和中位值(背景值)分别为2.44和1.00 ng/g。老挝金的分布相对广泛且零散,遍布全国各地,其分布主要受构造活动和岩浆作用的共同影响,沿着深大断裂带延伸分布。以累积频率85% (1.99 ng/g)为异常下限,老挝全境共圈定金元素地球化学异常17处,其中8处达地球化学省规模(面积>1 000 km2),在圈定金异常的基础上综合考虑金元素的地球化学空间分布、地质背景、区域构造和矿产分布情况,划分了7处金的成矿远景区。这为老挝金矿勘查提供了覆盖全国的基础性地球化学资料,填补了老挝全国金勘查地球化学填图工作的空白。

关键词: 金, 水系沉积物, 国家尺度填图, 地球化学, 老挝

Abstract:

Under the Belt and Road initiative China and Laos have carried out national-scale 1∶1000000 geochemical mapping in Laos. This study marked the first national-scale geochemical study of gold, a dominant mineral species, in Laos, where the geochemical background and spatial distribution characteristics of gold in Laos were preliminarily investigated, and the geochemical anomaly and prospective areas of gold in Laos were delineated. A total of 2079 geochemical samples were collected and analyzed for gold element, using foam adsorption-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FAS-GAAS), a high-precision analytical technique, and strict quality control measures. Gold contents in Laos aquatic sediments ranged between 0.10-913.70 ng/g, with mean and median (background) values of 2.44 and 1.00 ng/g, respectively. Gold occurred across the country with scattered distribution, mainly along extended large fractures affected by tectonic activities and magmatism. Using 85% quantile (1.99 ng/g) as the anomaly detecton limit, 17 gold anomaly areas were identified, with eight reaching a geochemical province scale (>1000 km2); seven prospective gold mineralization zones were classified according to anomaly identification, taking into consideration the spatial distribution of gold, geologic background, regional tectonics and mineral distribution. The results provide basic information for gold exploration in Laos and fill the gap of geochemical mapping for gold exploration in Laos.

Key words: gold, stream sediment, national-scale geochemical mapping, geochemistry, Laos

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