地学前缘 ›› 2011, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 121-131.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

与花岗质岩浆系统有关的石英脉型钨矿和斑岩型铜矿成矿流体特征比较

王蝶，卢焕章，毕献武   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 地球化学研究所 矿床地球化学国家重点实验室， 贵阳 贵州 550002
    2. 中国科学院 研究生院， 北京 100049
    3. 魁北克大学， 加拿大 魁北克G7H 2B1
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-09 修回日期:2011-09-01 出版日期:2011-09-18 发布日期:2011-09-18
  • 作者简介:王蝶（1984—），女，博士研究生，矿床地球化学专业，主要从事花岗岩流体地球化学与成矿作用研究。E-mail:wangdie0612@yahoo.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费项目（201011046）;国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目（2007CB411404）

Comparison of characteristics of ore forming fluids between quartzvein tungsten deposits and porphyry copper deposits associated with granitic rocks.

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. University of Quebec, Chicoutimi, Quebec G7H 2B1, Canada
  • Received:2011-08-09 Revised:2011-09-01 Online:2011-09-18 Published:2011-09-18

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摘要：

文中对比了与S型花岗岩有关的石英脉型钨矿和与I型（及少数A型）花岗岩类有关的斑岩型铜矿床的成矿流体特征。它们的共同点在于成矿流体都由岩浆流体演化而来，在后期逐渐有大气降水的加入。差异性在于：（1）石英脉型钨矿成矿流体主要属于中—中高温、中—中低盐度的NaCl-H2O±CO2体系，而斑岩型铜矿属于中高高温、高盐度的NaClH2O-KCl±CO2体系；（2）在流体演化过程中，流体沸腾和相分离作用在斑岩铜矿中普遍存在，且对金属元素的运移和沉淀起着重要的作用，而在石英脉型钨矿床中则较少见，引起后者沉淀的主要因素是流体混合；（3）在流体体系中，钨主要以O、Na配合物形式迁移，铜则与Cl或S形成配合物迁移，这些元素在流体中的存在与否在一定意义上与是否能成矿以及成矿的种类互相制约。

关键词: 花岗质岩石, 成矿流体, 石英脉型钨矿, 斑岩型铜矿

Abstract:

We reviewed the characteristics of ore forming fluids of quartzvein tungsten deposits associated with S type granites and porphyry copper deposits associated with Itype (some associated with Atype) granitic rocks.  The two fluid systems are similar in that both of them are derived from magmatic evolution, with involvement of meteoric water in the late stage. On the other hand, they are different in the following  aspects: (1) the ore forming fluids of quartzvein tungsten deposits belong to the H2ONaCl±CO2 system with moderatehigh temperature and moderatelow salinity, whereas those associated with porphyry copper deposits belong to the H2ONaClKCl±CO2 system with high temperature and high salinity; (2) boiling and phaseseparation are common in porphyry copper deposits and may have played important roles for the transport and deposition of Cu, but are uncommon in quartzvein tungsten deposits, in which fluid mixing may have played a more important role; (3) W is more associated with O and Na in fluid systems while Cu is with Cl and S, so the formation and the type of deposits depend in part on availability of these elements in the fluids.

Key words:  granitic rocks, ore forming fluids, porphyry copper deposits, quartzvein tungsten deposits

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