应用奇异值分解(SVD)-主成分分析(PCA)组合模型定量圈定与评价腾冲地块锡钨和铅锌多金属找矿靶区

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.29

地学前缘 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 283-301.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.29

• 地球化学信息化与智能化数据分析 • 上一篇下一篇

应用奇异值分解(SVD)-主成分分析(PCA)组合模型定量圈定与评价腾冲地块锡钨和铅锌多金属找矿靶区

郑澳月¹(), 费金娜¹, 陈永清¹^,^*(), 宁妍云¹^,², 曹一琳¹^,³, 赵鹏大¹

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司, 安徽六安 237000
3.河南省地质局矿产资源勘查中心, 河南郑州 450006

收稿日期:2024-08-05 修回日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-01-15
通信作者: *陈永清(1960—),男,博士,教授,从事矿产资源定量勘查与评价教学与研究工作。E-mail: yqchen@cugb.edu.cn
作者简介:郑澳月(1999—),女,博士研究生,从事致矿信息提取和矿产资源定量评价工作。E-mail: aoyuez@qq.com
基金资助:
云南省重点研发计划项目(202303AA080006);国家自然科学基金项目(41972312);国家自然科学基金项目(41672329);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600509)

Quantitative delineation and evaluation of Sn-W and Pb-Zn polymetallic prospecting target areas in the Tengchong Block by SVD and PCA

ZHENG Aoyue¹(), FEI Jinna¹, CHEN Yongqing¹^,^*(), NING Yanyun¹^,², CAO Yilin¹^,³, ZHAO Pengda¹

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Anhui Magang Zhangzhuang Mining Co., Ltd., Lu’an 237000, China
3. Mineral Resources Exploration Center of Henan Geological Bureau, Zhengzhou 450006, China

Received:2024-08-05 Revised:2024-10-10 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

成矿元素或元素组在一个地质单元中的富集是成岩和成矿地质过程多阶段作用的产物。基于水系沉积物地球化学数据,主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)可识别成矿元素组。奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)可将成矿元素组主成分得分进一步分解为两个部分:(1)成矿元素组合区域异常分量,能够表征在地壳演化过程中,由各种地质作用(岩浆作用、沉积作用和/或变质作用)形成的有利于成矿的高背景区域;(2)成矿元素组合局部异常分量,能够表征成矿作用引起的,叠加在成矿元素组合区域异常分量之上的成矿元素组合局部异常分量,应用局部异常分量能够识别找矿靶区。本次研究,首先基于国家1∶200 000水系沉积物地球化学数据,应用主成分分析建立不同类型的成矿元素组;其次,利用SVD从成矿元素组的主成分得分中识别出不同类型成矿过程引起的成矿元素组合局部异常分量;最后,应用局部异常分量识别找矿靶区。最终在腾冲地块圈定15处找矿靶区,其中Sn-W找矿靶区8处,Pb-Zn-Ag找矿靶区7处。预测Sn-W潜在资源量915 Mt,Pb-Zn-Ag潜在资源量792 Mt。

关键词: SVD, PCA, 成矿元素组合异常分量, 地球化学块体, 锡钨和铅锌多金属矿, 腾冲地块, 西南地区

Abstract:

Concentration of ore-forming elements or element groups in a geological unit is a result of multistage geological processes. Ore-forming element groups can be identified by principal component analysis (PCA) performed on geochemical mapping data using stream sediments. The principal component scores of the ore-forming element groups can then be used to further identify the regional and local anomalies by singular value decomposition (SVD). Regional anomalies indicate high background regions favorable for mineralization formed under various geological processes (e.g., magmatism, sedimentism, metamorphism) during crustal evolution, while local anomalies are associated with ore-forming events and can be used to identify ore prospecting targets by superimposition with regional anomalies. In this study, the ore-forming element groups were created using 1∶200000 national-scale geochemical mapping data. In total, 15 ore prospecting targets were identified in the Tengchong Block, including eight Sn-W and seven Pb-Zn-Ag prospecting targets. The estimated potential resources of Sn-W are approximately 915 Mt and Pb-Zn-Ag are about 792 Mt.

Key words: singular value decomposition (SVD), principal component analysis (PCA), anomalies of ore-forming element groups, geochemical block concept, Sn-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits, Tengchong Block, SW China

中图分类号:

郑澳月, 费金娜, 陈永清, 宁妍云, 曹一琳, 赵鹏大. 应用奇异值分解(SVD)-主成分分析(PCA)组合模型定量圈定与评价腾冲地块锡钨和铅锌多金属找矿靶区[J]. 地学前缘, 2025, 32(1): 283-301.

ZHENG Aoyue, FEI Jinna, CHEN Yongqing, NING Yanyun, CAO Yilin, ZHAO Pengda. Quantitative delineation and evaluation of Sn-W and Pb-Zn polymetallic prospecting target areas in the Tengchong Block by SVD and PCA[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(1): 283-301.

图/表 14

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主成分	Ag	As	Au	B	Ba	Bi	Cd	Co	Cr	Cu	F
PC1	0.115	0.434	0.356	0.234	0.125	-0.216	0.375	0.904	0.879	0.779	0.162
PC2	0.167	0.249	0.146	0.379	-0.013	0.73	0.127	-0.116	-0.089	0.076	0.669
PC3	0.232	0.503	0.214	0.687	-0.053	0.024	0.241	0.191	0.259	0.327	0.007
PC4	0.773	0.391	0.215	0.038	-0.002	0.344	0.708	0.049	-0.003	0.253	0.025
PC5	-0.192	-0.289	-0.182	-0.243	0.035	-0.078	0.039	0.076	-0.085	-0.086	0.125
PC6	-0.073	-0.249	-0.319	-0.055	0.879	-0.052	-0.147	0.031	-0.053	-0.136	0.217
主成分	Mn	Mo	Nb	Ni	Pb	Sb	Sn	Sr	Ti	V	W
PC1	0.746	0.35	-0.118	0.822	-0.207	0.491	-0.327	0.165	0.88	0.894	-0.209
PC2	-0.067	0.07	0.435	-0.002	0.299	0.052	0.754	-0.083	-0.14	-0.133	0.785
PC3	-0.121	-0.083	-0.609	0.323	-0.161	0.492	-0.161	-0.121	-0.117	0.049	0.033
PC4	0.263	0.338	-0.165	0.065	0.771	0.328	0.184	-0.173	-0.091	-0.008	0.173
PC5	0.112	-0.361	-0.145	-0.189	-0.132	-0.162	-0.035	0.747	-0.013	0.099	-0.181
PC6	0.038	-0.312	-0.255	-0.176	0.104	-0.248	-0.047	0.361	0.153	0.173	-0.203
主成分	Be	Zn	Al₂O₃	CaO	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	MgO	Na₂O	SiO₂	特征值	方差累计贡献/%
PC1	-0.043	0.645	0.087	0.429	0.923	-0.715	0.628	-0.414	-0.54	10.123	32.656
PC2	0.305	0.117	0.183	-0.198	-0.072	0.325	-0.147	0.203	0.109	4.859	48.331
PC3	-0.426	-0.167	-0.705	0.151	-0.061	-0.286	0.38	-0.228	0.321	2.882	57.627
PC4	0.043	0.543	-0.01	0.005	0.039	0.013	-0.044	-0.139	-0.287	1.79	63.401
PC5	0.266	0.135	-0.212	0.739	0.064	0.037	0.441	0.638	-0.212	1.539	68.365
PC6	-0.249	0.203	0.349	-0.237	0.123	0.268	0.127	-0.059	0.204	1.344	72.701

主成分	Ag	As	Au	B	Ba	Bi	Cd	Co	Cr	Cu	F
PC1	0.115	0.434	0.356	0.234	0.125	-0.216	0.375	0.904	0.879	0.779	0.162
PC2	0.167	0.249	0.146	0.379	-0.013	0.73	0.127	-0.116	-0.089	0.076	0.669
PC3	0.232	0.503	0.214	0.687	-0.053	0.024	0.241	0.191	0.259	0.327	0.007
PC4	0.773	0.391	0.215	0.038	-0.002	0.344	0.708	0.049	-0.003	0.253	0.025
PC5	-0.192	-0.289	-0.182	-0.243	0.035	-0.078	0.039	0.076	-0.085	-0.086	0.125
PC6	-0.073	-0.249	-0.319	-0.055	0.879	-0.052	-0.147	0.031	-0.053	-0.136	0.217
主成分	Mn	Mo	Nb	Ni	Pb	Sb	Sn	Sr	Ti	V	W
PC1	0.746	0.35	-0.118	0.822	-0.207	0.491	-0.327	0.165	0.88	0.894	-0.209
PC2	-0.067	0.07	0.435	-0.002	0.299	0.052	0.754	-0.083	-0.14	-0.133	0.785
PC3	-0.121	-0.083	-0.609	0.323	-0.161	0.492	-0.161	-0.121	-0.117	0.049	0.033
PC4	0.263	0.338	-0.165	0.065	0.771	0.328	0.184	-0.173	-0.091	-0.008	0.173
PC5	0.112	-0.361	-0.145	-0.189	-0.132	-0.162	-0.035	0.747	-0.013	0.099	-0.181
PC6	0.038	-0.312	-0.255	-0.176	0.104	-0.248	-0.047	0.361	0.153	0.173	-0.203
主成分	Be	Zn	Al₂O₃	CaO	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	MgO	Na₂O	SiO₂	特征值	方差累计贡献/%
PC1	-0.043	0.645	0.087	0.429	0.923	-0.715	0.628	-0.414	-0.54	10.123	32.656
PC2	0.305	0.117	0.183	-0.198	-0.072	0.325	-0.147	0.203	0.109	4.859	48.331
PC3	-0.426	-0.167	-0.705	0.151	-0.061	-0.286	0.38	-0.228	0.321	2.882	57.627
PC4	0.043	0.543	-0.01	0.005	0.039	0.013	-0.044	-0.139	-0.287	1.79	63.401
PC5	0.266	0.135	-0.212	0.739	0.064	0.037	0.441	0.638	-0.212	1.539	68.365
PC6	-0.249	0.203	0.349	-0.237	0.123	0.268	0.127	-0.059	0.204	1.344	72.701

块体类型	块体编号	块体面积/ km²	块体体积/ km³	异常平均含量/10^-6	成矿元素背景值/10^-6	剩余异常平均含量/10^-6	块体质量/10⁹ t (按花岗岩密度 2.64 g/cm³)	估算资源量/ 10⁶ t
Sn地球化学块体	I-1	300	900	20.29	2	18.29	2376	43.46
	I-2	176	528	76.24		74.24	1 393.92	103.48
	I-3	196	588	10.64		8.64	1 552.32	13.41
	I-4	136	408	24.8		22.8	1 077.12	24.56
	I-5	156	468	476.46		474.46	1 235.52	586.20
	I-6	288	864	7.9		5.9	2 280.96	13.46
	I-7	288	864	15.65		13.65	2 280.96	31.14
	I-8	76	228	21.61		19.61	601.92	11.80
合计								815.71
W地球化学块体	I-1	300	900	22.09	1	21.09	2376	50.11
	I-2	176	528	6.7		5.7	1 393.92	7.95
	I-3	196	588	5.52		4.52	1 552.32	7.02
	I-4	136	408	6.52		5.52	1 077.12	5.95
	I-5	156	468	13.33		12.33	1 235.52	15.23
	I-6	288	864	4.1		3.1	2 280.96	7.07
	I-7	288	864	3.68		2.68	2 280.96	6.11
	I-8	76	228	10.79		8.79	601.92	5.29
合计								99.44

块体类型	块体编号	块体面积/ km²	块体体积/ km³	异常平均含量/10^-6	成矿元素背景值/10^-6	剩余异常平均含量/10^-6	块体质量/10⁹ t (按花岗岩密度 2.64 g/cm³)	估算资源量/ 10⁶ t
Sn地球化学块体	I-1	300	900	20.29	2	18.29	2376	43.46
	I-2	176	528	76.24		74.24	1 393.92	103.48
	I-3	196	588	10.64		8.64	1 552.32	13.41
	I-4	136	408	24.8		22.8	1 077.12	24.56
	I-5	156	468	476.46		474.46	1 235.52	586.20
	I-6	288	864	7.9		5.9	2 280.96	13.46
	I-7	288	864	15.65		13.65	2 280.96	31.14
	I-8	76	228	21.61		19.61	601.92	11.80
合计								815.71
W地球化学块体	I-1	300	900	22.09	1	21.09	2376	50.11
	I-2	176	528	6.7		5.7	1 393.92	7.95
	I-3	196	588	5.52		4.52	1 552.32	7.02
	I-4	136	408	6.52		5.52	1 077.12	5.95
	I-5	156	468	13.33		12.33	1 235.52	15.23
	I-6	288	864	4.1		3.1	2 280.96	7.07
	I-7	288	864	3.68		2.68	2 280.96	6.11
	I-8	76	228	10.79		8.79	601.92	5.29
合计								99.44

块体类型	块体编号	块体面积/ km²	块体体积/ km³	异常平均含量/10^-6	成矿元素背景值/10^-6	剩余异常平均含量 (异常平均含量-景)/ 10^-6	块体质量/10⁹ t (花岗闪长岩密度 2.73 g/cm³)	估算资源量/ 10⁶ t
Pb地球化学块体	II-1	84	252	302.77	16	286.77	687.96	197.29
	II-2	140	420	52.35		36.35	1 146.6	41.68
	II-3	200	600	41.47		25.47	1 638	41.72
	II-4	124	372	69.98		53.98	1 015.56	54.82
	II-5	160	480	32.28		16.28	1 310.4	21.33
	II-6	380	1 140	36.42		20.42	3 112.2	63.55
	II-7	116	348	159.37		143.37	950.04	136.21
合计								556.60
Zn地球化学块体	II-1	84	252	222.83	61	161.83	687.96	111.33
	II-2	140	420	78.36		17.36	1 146.6	19.90
	II-3	200	600	61.05		0.05	1 638	0.08
	II-4	124	372	115.13		54.13	1 015.56	54.97
	II-5	160	480	62.5		1.5	1 310.4	1.97
	II-6	380	1140	70.21		9.21	3 112.2	28.66
	II-7	116	348	79.59		18.59	950.04	17.66
合计								234.58
Ag地球化学块体	II-1	84	252	0.772 8	0.05	0.723 8	687.96	0.50
	II-2	140	420	0.081 76		0.032 76	1 146.6	0.04
	II-3	200	600	0.080 47		0.031 47	1 638	0.05
	II-4	124	372	0.114 53		0.065 53	1 015.56	0.07
	II-5	160	480	0.056 03		0.007 03	1 310.4	0.01
	II-6	380	1 140	0.077 12		0.028 12	3 112.2	0.09
	II-7	116	348	0.148 82		0.099 82	950.04	0.09
合计								0.85

应用奇异值分解(SVD)-主成分分析(PCA)组合模型定量圈定与评价腾冲地块锡钨和铅锌多金属找矿靶区

Quantitative delineation and evaluation of Sn-W and Pb-Zn polymetallic prospecting target areas in the Tengchong Block by SVD and PCA

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