地学前缘 ›› 2010, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 1-14.

• 论文 •    下一篇

大陆地表温度场的时空变化与现今构造活动

马瑾, 陈顺云, 扈小燕, 刘培洵, 刘力强   

  1. 中国地震局 地质研究所 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2010-02-25 修回日期:2010-03-31 出版日期:2010-07-01 发布日期:2010-07-01
  • 作者简介:马瑾(1934—),女,中国科学院院士,主要从事地震与构造变形研究。 Email: majin@ies.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40872129,40902095,40572125);科学技术部地震行业科研专项(20080811)

Spatialtemporal variation of the land surface temperature field and presentday tectonic activity.

MA  Jin, CHEN  Shun-Yun, HU  Xiao-Yan, LIU  Pei-Xuan, LIU  Li-Jiang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2010-02-25 Revised:2010-03-31 Online:2010-07-01 Published:2010-07-01

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摘要：

试图利用地表温度场数据获取中国西部的构造活动信息。在建立热与应变关系的基础上,对中国西部MODIS/Terra 地表温度产品进行分析处理。研究发现:(1)地表温度在一些地区发生偏离年变现象,这种年变偏离与一些活动构造带的活动有关;(2)在扣除年变基准场等主要气候因素后,年变残差(ΔT)中长周期成分(LSTLOW)更接近构造活动所引起的热信息,能为构造活动提供一定的指示信息。研究发现,一个地震的发生对周围不同构造区的影响不同,有的地区升温,有的地区降温。2004年印尼地震最大的影响是引起青藏高原中部巴颜喀拉—松潘地块的降温;(3)与前者相对应,发生在中国周边地区的不同地震引起的温度变化格局不同,对同一地区的影响也不同,例如2001年东昆仑81级地震引起龙门山断裂带升温,而2003年斋桑泊79级地震和2004年印尼9级地震却引起该带的降温;(4)不同地区地温变化的时间过程不同。这些现象均对构造变形过程有一定的启示。在上述现象的基础上,笔者结合GPS观测结果,不同深度的地温信息以及地震活动等资料,对地表温度场中包含构造活动信息进行了初步检验,并对地表温度场反映的区域构造变形模型进行了讨论。

关键词: 大陆地表温度场, 南北地震构造带, 巴颜喀拉—松潘地块, 现今构造活动, 地震活动

Abstract:

This study attempted to acquire information of tectonic activity in Western China from the data of the land surface temperature (LST) field. Based on the established relationship between heat and strain, we have analyzed the LST distribution in Western China using the satellite data product MODIS/Terra. The result shows that there are departures of annual changes of LST in some areas, which are associated with activity of some active tectonic zones. After removal of the annualchange background values caused by climatic factors, the longperiod component （LSTLOW） of the residual annual change（ΔT） of the LST can reveal better the tectonic activity, and serve as its indicator. It is found that one major earthquake can produce different effects on the LST fields of broad areas surrounding or even far away from the epicenter, characterized by rise or drop of temperature. For example, a most noticeable temperature decline associated with the Indonesia M 9 earthquake of 2004 appeared in the Bayan HarSongpan Block of the central Tibetan Plateau. On the other hand, the LST field of one area may have different responses to different major shocks in the regions surrounding China. For instance, the East Kunlun M 81 event has made the LST on the Longmenshan fault zone increase, whereas the Zaisangbo M 7.9 earthquake of 2003 and the Indonesia M 9 event of 2004 caused decrease of LST on the Longmenshan. The temporal variations of LST are different in different tectonic areas, which may provide clues for the study of tectonic deformation processes. In combination of data of ground temperature at varied depths, seismicity and GPS measurements, we have checked the information of tectonic activity derived from variations of the LST field, and discussed its implications to the models of regional tectonic deformation.

Key words: Land surface temperature (LST) field, northsouth seismic zone (NS seismic zone), Bayan HarSongpan Block, presentday tectonic activity, earthquake

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