中纬度亚洲现代间冰期气候变化的“西风模式”讨论

地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 23-32.

中纬度亚洲现代间冰期气候变化的“西风模式”讨论

陈发虎陈建徽黄伟

兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2009-11-09 修回日期:2009-11-13 出版日期:2009-12-16 发布日期:2009-12-10
作者简介:陈发虎(1962—),男,教授,博士生导师,长期从事第四纪气候与环境变化研究。Email: fhchen@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家创新研究群体科学基金项目(40721061);国家自然科学基金重点项目(90502008);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B06026)

A discussion on the westerlydominated climate model in midlatitude Asia during the modern interglacial period.

CHEN Fa-Hu, CHEN Jian-Hui, HUANG Wei

MOE Key Laboratory of Western Chinas Environmental Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2009-11-09 Revised:2009-11-13 Online:2009-12-16 Published:2009-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中纬度亚洲地区存在主要受季风环流影响的东南部湿润地区(简称季风区)和主要受西风环流控制的内陆干旱区(包括青藏高原北部高寒干旱区,简称西风区)。根据对近年来新发表的气候变化记录证据梳理总结,发现西风区在中—晚全新世气候湿润,与亚洲季风在早—中全新世强盛的格局显著不同。过去千年的西风区中世纪暖期干旱,而小冰期相对湿润,与此相对,万象洞石笋氧同位素记录则显示季风降水在中世纪暖期时整体处于高值，在小冰期处于低值段。在近百年,尤其是近50 a,西北干旱区湿度增加,而季风影响范围内的西北东部和华北等地变得更干。不仅如此,在分属西风和季风影响区的青藏高原北部和南部,年代际—百年尺度上降水变化也表现出反相位关系。据此我们提出,亚洲中部西风带控制区在现代间冰期从数千年到年代际的各个时间尺度上均存在不同于季风区的湿度(降水)变化模式,称之为现代间冰期气候变化的西风模式。

关键词: 中纬度亚洲;全新世;中世纪暖期;小冰期;气候变化;西风模式

Abstract:

The midlatitude Asian continent can be roughly divided into two distinct climatic regions: the humid easternsouthern part of Asia mainly controlled by monsoon circulation and inland arid Asia (including the coldarid northern Tibetan Plateau) in the western part dominated by the midlatitude westerlies. Based on the extensive review of recently published literatures, we found that a dry early Holocene, a wettest midHolocene, and a moderately wet late Holocene dominated in arid central Asia (ACA), while a strong summer monsoon and humid climate characterized the early Holocene, and a weakened summer monsoon and drier climate prevailed during the late Holocene. During the past millennium, ACA experienced a dry Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and a humid Little Ice Age (LIA). In contrast, it is indicated by a speleothem proxy record from Wanxiang Cave that the monsoon precipitation was generally high during the MWP and generally low during the LIA. Over the last 100 or 50 years, moisture has increased in arid NW China, while climate in monsooninfluenced semiarid NW China and North China has become drier. In addition, antiphase relationship in precipitation changes between the northern Tibetan Plateau (climatically controlled by westerlies) and southern Tibetan Plateau (mainly influenced by Indian monsoon circulation) exists on decadal to centennial timescale. In summary, moisture variability in ACA and northern Tibetan Plateau has showed major difference from monsoon evolution on various timescales in the Holocene. It is thus proposed that there is a westerlydominated climate model in midlatitude Asia during the modern interglacial period.

Key words: midlatitude Asia; Holocene; MWP; LIA; climate change; westerlydominated climate model

陈发虎陈建徽黄伟. 中纬度亚洲现代间冰期气候变化的“西风模式”讨论[J]. 地学前缘, 2009, 16(6): 23-32.

CHEN Fa-Hu, CHEN Jian-Hui, HUANG Wei. A discussion on the westerlydominated climate model in midlatitude Asia during the modern interglacial period.[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2009, 16(6): 23-32.