地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 143-152.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

白垩纪中期海相富有机碳沉积的地球生物学背景

贾建忠 万晓樵 张翼翼 赵静   

  1. 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
  • 出版日期:2009-09-10 发布日期:2009-09-10
  • 作者简介:贾建忠(1986—),男,硕士研究生，地层古生物专业。
  • 基金资助:

    国家基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2006CB701403);国家自然科学基金项目(40872016, 40672020);中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(G080006ZS319)

Geobiological setting of the marine organic carbonrich accumulation in midCretaceous.

GU Jian-Zhong MO Xiao-Qiao ZHANG Yi-Yi DIAO Jing   

  1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Online:2009-09-10 Published:2009-09-10
  • Supported by:

    国家基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2006CB701403);国家自然科学基金项目(40872016, 40672020);中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(G080006ZS319)

PDF (PC)

927

摘要：

白垩纪中期(约125~88 Ma)海相富有机碳沉积广泛发育于全球各主要洋盆和沉降区,是许多大油田的重要烃源岩。文中从地球生物学的角度探讨了当时海相富有机碳沉积的地质背景和主控因素,认为在白垩纪中期全球事件频发的特殊背景下,保存条件(大洋缺氧)和生产力的提高共同控制了有机质的富集。大洋缺氧不但加快了海洋生物的灭绝和更替,使有机质大量堆积,而且促进了营养元素(P、N、Fe等)的再生和厌氧自养型海洋微生物(如蓝细菌、绿硫细菌和古菌类等)的极度繁盛,提高了生产力水平;而高的生产力又反过来加剧了海洋的缺氧。新的研究成果(Os同位素证据)表明,白垩纪大规模海底火山作用引发了持续的温室效应和海水循环的静滞、紊乱以及弱上升流发育,进而导致生产力的提高和大洋缺氧事件(OAE)的发生,最终造成有机质的广泛堆积和保存。

关键词: 关键词：海相富有机碳沉积;大洋缺氧事件;古海洋生产力;白垩纪中期

Abstract:

 The midCretaceous (~12588 Ma) is characterized by a remarkable increase of global organic matter (OM) accumulations—the significant source rock of many large oil fields in most oceanic basins. Based on the previous discussion about geological setting and major controlling factors on the marine organic carbonrich accumulation, this paper proposes that both high primary productivity (PP) and oceanic anoxic events (OAE) controlled the wide distribution of marine organic carbonrich sediments in the midCretaceous. In fact, OAE not only sped up the extinction and the replacement of marine life, causing  huge amounts of OM accumulation, but also promoted the regeneration of nutrients (e.g. P, N, Fe) and the flourish of anaerobic autotrophic microorganisms (e.g. green sulfur bacteria, cyanobacteria, archaea) as well. The high PP in turn exacerbated the oceanic anoxia. During that period, the Cretaceous large igneous events triggered the sustaining greenhouse climate and abnormal oceanic environments together with euxinic conditions, confusion currents and weak upwelling, which led to the improved productivity and OAE, and eventually, caused the extensive accumulation of organic matter.

Key words: Key words: marine organic carbonrich sediments; Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs); paleooceanic productivity; midCretaceous

中图分类号: