俯冲洋壳流体交代岩石圈地幔:西藏中部南羌塘地体钾质火山岩Li-Pb同位素的证据

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.61

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 376-388.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.61

俯冲洋壳流体交代岩石圈地幔:西藏中部南羌塘地体钾质火山岩Li-Pb同位素的证据

李文强¹^,²(), 许伟¹^,^*(), 田世洪¹^,^*()

1.东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室, 江西南昌 330013
2.东华理工大学地球科学学院, 江西南昌 330013

收稿日期:2022-08-12 修回日期:2022-12-30 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-07
通讯作者: *许伟(1992-),男,讲师,主要从事岩石地球化学相关研究工作。E-mail: xuweijlu@126.com;田世洪(1973-),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事同位素地球化学和矿床学研究工作。E-mail: s.h.tian@163.com
作者简介:李文强(1997-),男,硕士研究生,地质资源与地质工程专业,主要从事同位素地球化学和矿床学研究工作。E-mail: LwenQ0606@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”专项“我国西部伟晶岩型锂等稀有金属成矿规律与勘查技术”(2021YFC2901900);“北喜马拉雅锂等稀有金属找矿预测与勘查示范课题”(2021YFC2901903);江西省“双千计划”创新领军人才长期项目(2020101003);东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室自主基金项目(2020Z08);国家自然科学基金项目(42002095);国家自然科学基金项目(41773014);东华理工大学高层次人才引进配套经费项目(1410000874)

Lithospheric mantle metasomatized by oceanic crust-derived fluids: Li and Pb isotopic evidence from potassic volcanic rocks in the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet

LI Wenqiang¹^,²(), XU Wei¹^,^*(), TIAN Shihong¹^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
2. School of Earth Sciences, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China

Received:2022-08-12 Revised:2022-12-30 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Li稳定同位素在低温过程中会发生明显的分馏,已被广泛用于示踪壳幔相互作用。为识别岩石圈地幔中的壳源组分,本文对西藏中部南羌塘地体起源于岩石圈地幔部分熔融的晚始新世(约38 Ma)钾质火山岩(粗面英安岩和流纹岩)开展了Li和Pb同位素的测试。测试结果显示这些样品具有均一的Pb同位素组成(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=18.497 9~18.577 2,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.594 0~15.610 7,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=38.671 0~38.754 0),而Li同位素组成变化较大,其δ⁷Li值变化于5.67‰到10.97‰之间(平均值为8.81‰,n=11),显著高于新鲜洋中脊玄武岩[δ⁷Li=(3.4±1.4)‰]和全球俯冲沉积物[GLOSS-II,δ⁷Li=(2.42±0.18)‰],但相似于蚀变洋壳(δ⁷Li=6‰~14.5‰)。结合已发表的Sr-Nd同位素和Sr-Nd-Pb-Li同位素的三端员混合模拟,本文认为南羌塘地体下的岩石圈地幔受到过以俯冲洋壳流体为主要组成的壳源组分的交代,但不排除有俯冲碳酸盐岩熔体的贡献。

关键词: Li同位素, 岩石圈地幔, 钾质火山岩, 洋壳流体, 南羌塘地体

Abstract:

Lithium (Li) isotopes show large isotopic fractionation during low-temperature processes and have been widely used to trace crust-mantle interactions. In order to identify the crust-derived components in the lithospheric mantle, this study reports new Li and Pb isotopic data for the Late Eocene (~38 Ma) lithospheric mantle-derived potassic volcanic rocks (trachydacites, rhyolites, etc.) from the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet. The volcanic rocks have homogeneous Pb isotopic compositions (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=18.4979-18.5772; ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.5940-15.6107; ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=38.6710-38.7540) and variable Li isotopic compositions, with δ⁷Li values ranging from 5.67‰ to 10.97‰ (average 8.81‰, n=11), significantly higher compared to fresh mid-ocean ridge basalts (3.4‰±1.4‰) and global subducted sediments (2.42‰±0.18‰ (GLOSS-II)) but similar to that of altered oceanic crust (6‰-14.5‰). Combined with published Sr-Nd isotopes and mixing models for Sr-Nd-Pb-Li isotopes, we suggest that mantle metasomatism occurred in the southern Qiangtang terrane by a crustal component dominated by subducted oceanic crust-derived fluids, but we do not preclude the possible contribution of subducted carbonated melts.

Key words: Li isotopes, lithospheric mantle, potassic volcanic rocks, oceanic crust-derived fluids, southern Qiangtang terrane

中图分类号:

李文强, 许伟, 田世洪. 俯冲洋壳流体交代岩石圈地幔:西藏中部南羌塘地体钾质火山岩Li-Pb同位素的证据[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(4): 376-388.

LI Wenqiang, XU Wei, TIAN Shihong. Lithospheric mantle metasomatized by oceanic crust-derived fluids: Li and Pb isotopic evidence from potassic volcanic rocks in the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(4): 376-388.

图/表 8

图1 青藏高原大地构造格架图(a)和南羌塘地体西部的地质简图(b)(据文献[25]修改) ATF-阿尔金断裂带;KS-昆仑地体;JSS-金沙江缝合带;LSS-龙木错-双湖缝合带;BNS-班公湖-怒江缝合带;IYS-雅鲁藏布江缝合带;MBT-主边界冲断带。

Fig.1 (a) Tectonic framework of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and (b) geological sketch map of the western segment of the southern Qiangtang terrane. Modified after [25].

图2 南羌塘地体扪挡勒火山岩的镜下照片 Bt-黑云母;Pl-斜长石;Sa-透长石。

Fig.2 Photomicrographs of the Mendangle volcanic rocks from the southern Qiangtang terrane

表1 南羌塘地体扪挡勒火山岩的全岩主微量元素和同位素分析结果

Table 1 Whole rock elemental and Sr -Nd-Pb- Li isotopic data for the Mendangle volcanic rocks from the southern Qiangtang terrane

图3 南羌塘地体扪挡勒火山岩的地球化学图解 a-TAS图解(据文献[56-57]修改);b-SiO2-K2O图解(据文献[58]修改);c-粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式图(球粒陨石数据引自文献[59]);d-原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(原始地幔数据引自文献[59])。

Fig.3 Geochemical analysis of the Mendangle volcanic rocks from the southern Qiangtang terrane. A modified after [56-57]; b modified after [58]; c, d adapted from [59].

图4 南羌塘地体扪挡勒火山岩的Sr-Nd-Pb-Li同位素组成图解 a-(206Pb/204Pb)i-(207Pb/204Pb)i协变图;b-(206Pb/204Pb)i-(208Pb/204Pb)i协变图;c-(87Sr/86Sr)i-εNd(t)协变图;d-Li同位素分布直方图。图a-c中的俯冲海洋沉积物与GLOSS-Ⅱ的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素数据引自文献[13],雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素数据引自文献[61⇓-63],t=38 Ma;图d中MORB、AOC、GLOSS-Ⅱ与俯冲海洋沉积物的Li同位素组成数据引自文献[8,10,13]。

Fig.4 Whole-rock Sr-Nd-Pb-Li isotopic compositions of the Mendangle volcanic rock from the southern Qiangtang terrane. A-c adapted from [13,61⇓-63]; d adapted from [8,10,13].

图5 南羌塘地体扪挡勒钾质火山岩与纳丁错玄武岩的地球化学图解 a-δ7Li-CIA协变图;b-南羌塘地体扪挡勒钾质火山岩δ7Li-Li协变图;c-南羌塘地体纳丁错玄武岩Nb/U-Ce/Pb协变图(纳丁错玄武岩样品数据引自文献[45,47],MORB数据引自文献[59])。

Fig.5 Geochemical analyses of the Mendangle volcanic rocks and Nadincuo basalts from the southern Qiangtang terrane (d adapted from [45,47,59])

表2 模拟中使用的端员组成

Table 2 End member compositions used in modeling

地质体储层组成	w(Li)/10^-6	δ⁷Li/‰	w(Pb)/10^-6	w(Nd)/10^-6	¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	w(Sr)/10^-6	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr
海洋沉积物 (SED)	49^a	-3.0^b	30^d	34^f	0.511 95^f	15.7^b	39.9^c	330^b	0.709 0^b
蚀变洋壳 (AOC)	12^b	12.0^c	1^b	2.2^b	0.513 08^b	15.49^b	38.08^e	120^d	0.705 2^g
地幔(M)	2^b	2.0^b	0.18^b	1.2^b	0.512 88^b	15.53^b	37.75^c	18.2^b	0.702 8^b

图6 Li同位素与Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的三端员混合模拟图解海洋沉积物(SED)、蚀变洋壳(AOC)和地幔楔(M)3个端员的同位素组成见表2。带有标记的红实线表示海洋沉积物(SED)和蚀变洋壳(AOC)端员之间的混合,而虚线表示由不同比例的蚀变洋壳和俯冲沉积物组成的壳源组分(F1:AOC90%-SED10%;F2:AOC95%-SED5%;F3:AOC100%-SED0%)与地幔(M)端员之间的混合。

Fig.6 Combined M (depleted mantle)-SED (sediment)-AOC (altered oceanic crust) three-component mixing models for Li and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes

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俯冲洋壳流体交代岩石圈地幔:西藏中部南羌塘地体钾质火山岩Li-Pb同位素的证据

Lithospheric mantle metasomatized by oceanic crust-derived fluids: Li and Pb isotopic evidence from potassic volcanic rocks in the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet

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