Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.8.33-en

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 281-295.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.8.33-en

所属专题： Research Articles (English)

• 英语论文 • 上一篇

Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

LU Shuangfang¹^,²^,³(), WANG Jun³, LI Wenbiao¹^,²^,^*(), CAO Yixin³, CHEN Fangwen³, LI Jijun³, XUE Haitao³, WANG Min³

1. Sanya Offshore Oil & Gas Research Institute, Northeast Petroleum University, Sanya 572025, China
2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
3. Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China

收稿日期:2022-07-10 修回日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2023-01-25 发布日期:2022-10-20
通讯作者: LI Wenbiao

Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

LU Shuangfang¹^,²^,³(), WANG Jun³, LI Wenbiao¹^,²^,^*(), CAO Yixin³, CHEN Fangwen³, LI Jijun³, XUE Haitao³, WANG Min³

1. Sanya Offshore Oil & Gas Research Institute, Northeast Petroleum University, Sanya 572025, China
2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
3. Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China

Received:2022-07-10 Revised:2022-07-30 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2022-10-20
Contact: LI Wenbiao
About author:LU Shuangfang, professor, doctoral supervisor; research on unconventional oil and gas geology and oil and gas geochemistry. E-mail: lushuangfang@qq.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science (Key) Fund Project(Grant Nos.41972136);National Natural Science (Key) Fund Project(41330313)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

The technical feasibility of in situ upgrading technology to develop the enormous oil and gas resource potential in low-maturity shale is widely acknowledged. However, because of the large quantities of energy required to heat shale, its economic feasibility is still a matter of debate and has yet to be convincingly demonstrated quantitatively. Based on the energy conservation law, the energy acquisition of oil and gas generation and the energy consumption of organic matter cracking, shale heat-absorption, and surrounding rock heat dissipation during in situ heating were evaluated in this study. The energy consumption ratios for different conditions were determined, and the factors that influence them were analyzed. The results show that the energy consumption ratio increases rapidly with increasing total organic carbon (TOC) content. For oil-prone shales, the TOC content corresponding to an energy consumption ratio of 3 is approximately 4.2%. This indicates that shale with a high TOC content can be expected to reduce the project cost through large-scale operation, making the energy consumption ratio after consideration of the project cost greater than 1. In situ heating and upgrading technology can achieve economic benefits. The main methods for improving the economic feasibility by analyzing factors that influence the energy consumption ratio include the following: (1) exploring technologies that efficiently heat shale but reduce the heat dissipation of surrounding rocks, (2) exploring technologies for efficient transformation of organic matter into oil and gas, i.e., exploring technologies with catalytic effects, or the capability to reduce in situ heating time, and (3) establishing a horizontal well deployment technology that comprehensively considers the energy consumption ratio, time cost, and engineering cost.

关键词: shale gas content, in situ upgrading, energy consumption ratio, high-efficiency heating, efficient organic matter transformation

LU Shuangfang, WANG Jun, LI Wenbiao, CAO Yixin, CHEN Fangwen, LI Jijun, XUE Haitao, WANG Min. Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(1): 281-295.

图/表 14

参考文献 55

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Molecular formula and bond type	Number of bonds
Molecular formula and bond type	Source kerogen	Residual kerogen	Light oil molecule
Molecular formula	C₁₄₃₉H₂₃₆₀O_86.3N_4.3S_1.4	C₃₀₅H₂₅₃O₄N_0.92S_0.92	C₈H_15.4O_0.026N_0.03S_0.015
C-C	1251	109	5.975
Benzene-C	40	20
C=C	4		0.7
C-C triple bond			0.3
Aromatics	96	42
C-N	12	2	0.03
C-O	263	8	0.03
C=O	78		0.01
C-S	2	2	0.0015
Phenolic hydroxyl C-O	20
C-H	1770	210	15.32
Benzene-H	80	42
N-H		1	0.06
Disulfide bond	1
O-H	65		0.01
S-H			0.0015
Phenol hydroxyl O-H	20
Total molecular bond energy (kJ/mol)	1604190.18	241314.86	9120.35

Molecular formula and bond type	Number of bonds
Molecular formula and bond type	Source kerogen	Residual kerogen	Light oil molecule
Molecular formula	C₁₄₃₉H₂₃₆₀O_86.3N_4.3S_1.4	C₃₀₅H₂₅₃O₄N_0.92S_0.92	C₈H_15.4O_0.026N_0.03S_0.015
C-C	1251	109	5.975
Benzene-C	40	20
C=C	4		0.7
C-C triple bond			0.3
Aromatics	96	42
C-N	12	2	0.03
C-O	263	8	0.03
C=O	78		0.01
C-S	2	2	0.0015
Phenolic hydroxyl C-O	20
C-H	1770	210	15.32
Benzene-H	80	42
N-H		1	0.06
Disulfide bond	1
O-H	65		0.01
S-H			0.0015
Phenol hydroxyl O-H	20
Total molecular bond energy (kJ/mol)	1604190.18	241314.86	9120.35

Molecule type	Proportion(%)	Number of C-C	Number of C-H	Total molecular bond energy (kJ/mol)
Methane	70		4	1652.60
Ethane	20	1	6	2816.38
Propane	7	2	8	3980.16
Butane	2	3	10	5143.94
Pentane	1	4	12	6307.72
Total molecular bond energy of wet gas (kJ/mol)				2164.66

Molecule type	Proportion(%)	Number of C-C	Number of C-H	Total molecular bond energy (kJ/mol)
Methane	70		4	1652.60
Ethane	20	1	6	2816.38
Propane	7	2	8	3980.16
Butane	2	3	10	5143.94
Pentane	1	4	12	6307.72
Total molecular bond energy of wet gas (kJ/mol)				2164.66

Bond type	Carbon dioxide	Oxygen	Nitrogen
O=O		1
C=O	2
N-N triple bond			1
Total molecular bond energy (kJ/mol)	1448.38	498.00	946

Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

Economic feasibility and efficiency enhancement approaches for in situ upgrading of low-maturity organic-rich shale from an energy consumption ratio perspective

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Bond type	Dissociation energy (kJ/mol)
C-C	337.48
Benzene-C	380.62
C=C	614.5
C-C triple bond	962.7
Aromatics	2060
C-N	292
C-O	349.58
C=O	723.87
C-S	272
Phenolic hydroxyl C-O	427.6
C-H	413.15
Benzene-H	460
N-H	391
Disulfide bond	268
O-H	463
S-H	339
Phenol hydroxyl O-H	356

Model parameter	Parameter value	Model parameter	Parameter value
Shale/sandstone length (m)	Sufficient	Shale thermal conductivity (W/(m·K))	1.0-2.4 (1.21)
Shale thickness (m)	30	Surrounding rock thermal conductivity (W/(m·K))	2.1-3.5 (3)
Sandstone thickness (m)	500	Shale specific heat (J/(kg·K))	1100-2000 (1141)
Wellbore radius (m)	0.02/0.05/0.1/0.2/0.5	Specific heat of surrounding rock (J/(kg·K))	762-1071.8 (890)
Well spacing (m)	5/10/15/20/25	Shale density (kg/m³)	2100-2800 (2450)
Burial depth of the bottom of shale layer (m)	1800	Density of surrounding rock (kg/m³)	1800-2800 (2470)
Ground surface temperature (℃)	20	Heating well temperature (℃)	500/600/700/800/900
TOC (%)	1-20 (5)	Production well temperature (℃)	200/250/300/350/400
HI (mgHC/gTOC)	800	Geothermal gradient (℃/m)	0.033