地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 128-158.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.8.25

• 土壤污染与土壤环境质量评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

全国土地质量地球化学调查二十年

李括，彭敏，赵传冬，杨柯，周亚龙，刘飞，唐世琪，杨帆，韩伟，杨峥，成晓梦，夏学齐，关涛，骆检兰，成杭新
  

  1. 1. 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
    2. 中国地质科学院 地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北 廊坊 065000
    3. 中国地质调查局 土地质量地球化学调查评价研究中心, 河北 廊坊065000
    4. 中国地质调查局 地球表层碳汞地球化学循环重点实验室, 河北 廊坊 065000 
    5. 中国地质科学院 地球表层碳汞地球化学循环重点实验室, 河北 廊坊 065000
    6. 浙江省土地勘测规划院, 浙江 杭州 310007
    7. 湖南省地球物理地球化学勘查院, 湖南 长沙 411100
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-08 修回日期:2019-04-24 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 成杭新(1964—)，男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事勘查地球化学与生态地球化学研究。 彭敏(1984—)，男，博士研究生，地球化学专业。
  • 作者简介:李括(1985—)，女，博士研究生，地球化学专业。E-mail: likuo@igge.cn
  • 基金资助:
    自然资源部中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20160313，DD20160326，DD20189123)

Vicennial implementation of geochemical survey of land quality in China

LI Kuo，PENG Min，ZHAO Chuandong，YANG Ke，ZHOU Yalong，LIU Fei，TANG Shiqi，YANG Fan，HAN Wei，YANG Zheng，CHENG Xiaomeng，XIA Xueqi，GUAN Tao，LUO Jianlan，CHENG Hangxin
  

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
    2. Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
    3. Research Center of Geochemical Survey and Assessment on Land Quality, China Geological Survey, Langfang 065000, China
    4. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Cycling of Carbon and Mercury in the Earths Critical Zone, China Geological Survey, Langfang 065000, China
    5. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Cycling of Carbon and Mercury in the Earths Critical Zone, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
    6. Zhejiang Institute of Land Surveying and Planning, Hangzhou 310007, China 
    7. Hunan Institute of Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, Changsha 411100, China
  • Received:2018-12-08 Revised:2019-04-24 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-30
  • Supported by:
     

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摘要： 土地质量地球化学调查计划是我国继区域化探全国扫面计划之后一个新的国家地球化学填图计划，该计划实施20年来，在支撑土壤环境污染防控、土地资源管理、国家重大立法、精准扶贫等方面做出了重大贡献，显著拓展了地质工作服务链。本文从计划的提出背景、项目的组织实施、主要进展、调查技术的进步和分析测试技术的提高与质量控制方案的完善等方面回顾了该计划的发展历程。从全国耕地地球化学状况、全国省会城市土壤环境质量状况、中国主要淡水湖泊沉积物环境质量状况、中国主要农耕区20年来土壤碳库变化4个方面对调查成果做了全面总结。全方位介绍了调查应用成果在土地管理、土壤污染防治、农业种植结构调整、脱贫攻坚、地方病防治、油气勘查、固体矿产勘查等7个领域中的应用。并在调查技术革新、评价方法创新和调查与研究融合三个方面对土地质量地球化学调查工作的未来发展趋势做了展望。

 

关键词: 土地质量地球化学调查, 全国耕地地球化学状况, 全国省会城市土壤环境质量状况, 中国主要淡水湖泊沉积物环境质量状况, 中国主要农耕区20年来土壤碳库变化

Abstract: The geochemical survey of land quality project launched in 1999 is a new national geochemical mapping project, succeeding the regional geochemistry-national reconnaissance project in China. The project has since made significant contributions in supporting governmental actions in soil pollution prevention and control, land resource management, major agricultural legislation and precision poverty relief—expanding greatly its role of geological service. We provided here a historical review on the projects background, organization, main progress, survey methodology development, analysis and testing technology improvement and quality control scheme. We made a comprehensive summary of the projects achievements in the overview of the geochemical status of national cultivated land, environmental qualities of soils in provincial capital cities and sediments in nations main freshwater lakes, and changes of soil organic carbon pools in the main agricultural areas of China in the past 20 years. We then gave an all-around introduction of the applications of survey data in land management, soil pollution prevention and control, agricultural planting structural adjustment, poverty relief, endemic disease prevention and control, and explorations for oil & gas and metallic minerals. Finally, we offered a prospective view on the future developmental trend of geochemical survey of land quality regarding innovative survey technology, new evaluation methods and integration of survey and research.

Key words: geochemical survey of land quality, geochemical status of national cultivated land, overview of trace metals in urban soils, environmental quality of freshwater lake sediments, change of soil organic carbon pool

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