Diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation process of the Jurassic in the Mosuowan uplift, Junggar Basin constrained by calcite U-Pb dating

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.1.42

Abstract

Abstract:

The Jurassic formation in the Mosuowan uplift, a significant deep-buried oil-bearing series in the central Junggar Basin, has undergone a complex hydrocarbon accumulation process due to multi-phase tectonic activities. To clarify the coupling mechanism between diagenetic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Jurassic sandstone reservoirs, this study employs an integrated, multi-scale approach, combining detailed reservoir petrography, in-situ laser ablation calcite U-Pb dating, and fluid inclusion analysis. Integrated with burial and thermal history modeling, we quantitatively characterize the dynamic coupling relationship between reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon charging. The research establishes a hydrocarbon accumulation model of “early charging and late adjustment” for the Jurassic reservoirs in the Mosuowan Uplift, identifying three distinct charging episodes: The first episode occurred during the Early Cretaceous (132.5±1.3 Ma), involving the charging of low-maturity crude oil, as evidenced by yellow fluorescent oil inclusions within calcite cement. The U-Pb dating results show a strong consistency with the timing (133 Ma) projected from the minimum homogenization temperatures of coeval aqueous inclusions. The second episode, during the late Oligocene (approximately 35 Ma), involved the adjustment and charging of mature oil, indicated by blue fluorescent oil inclusions in quartz microfractures. The third episode consisted of natural gas charging during the Neogene. However, large-scale gas invasion into the Jurassic reservoir was prevented by the sealing effect of an overpressure barrier. This study not only advances the understanding of deep hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms in the Junggar Basin but also provides an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for exploring and developing hydrocarbon reservoirs in similar complex tectonic settings.

Key words: calcite U-Pb dating, hydrocarbon inclusions, diagenesis-hydrocarbon accumulation evolution, Jurassic, Mosuowan uplift, Junggar Basin

CLC Number:

TE122

YAO Shihua, LU Xuesong, GUI Lili, ZHUO Qingong, HU Yao, HAO Mengzhen, WANG Chunlin, WANG Yingying. Diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation process of the Jurassic in the Mosuowan uplift, Junggar Basin constrained by calcite U-Pb dating[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2026, 33(4): 368-382.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Geologic structural map and stratigraphic column of the Mosuowan uplift. Modified after [38,78].

Fig.2 Porosity-permeability crossplot of the Jurassic reservoir in the Mosuowan uplift

Fig.3 Characteristics of Jurassic sandstone reservoirs and diagenetic minerals in the Mosuowan uplift

Fig.4 Cathodoluminescence (a) and in-situ U-Pb dating results (b) of calcite cement from Well Fangtan 1

Fig.5 Characteristics and modes of occurrence of hydrocarbon inclusions

Fig.6 Fluorescence spectral characteristics of oil inclusions

Fig.7 Histograms of homogenization temperatures for hydrocarbon inclusions and their associated aqueous inclusions

Fig.8 Thermal history modeling results of Well Fang 2, Mosuowan uplift

Fig.9 Comprehensive diagram of diagenetic-hydrocarbon accumulation evolution in the Jurassic of Well Fang 2, Mosuowan uplift

Fig.10 Hydrocarbon accumulation model of “early charging - late adjustment” in the Mosuowan uplift. Modified after [91].

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