地学前缘 ›› 2012, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 120-129.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

隐伏矿床上方纳米铜颗粒存在形式与成因

叶荣，张必敏，姚文生，王勇   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学（北京） 地球科学与资源学院， 北京 100083 2. 中国地质科学院 地球物理地球化学勘查研究所， 河北 廊坊 065000
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-12 修回日期:2012-04-27 出版日期:2012-05-25 发布日期:2012-05-25
  • 作者简介:叶荣（1956—），女，博士，教授，地球化学专业。E-mail：yerong@cugb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（40473040）；国土资源部公益性行业科研专项（201011055-3）；中国地质调查局地质矿产调查评价专项（1212011120206）

Occurrences and formation of copper nanoparticles over the concealed oredeposits.

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China 2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
  • Received:2012-02-12 Revised:2012-04-27 Online:2012-05-25 Published:2012-05-25

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摘要：

在铜镍矿床覆盖层土壤颗粒中和其下伏原生矿石中同时采集到金属纳米颗粒，颗粒在其粒径大小、形貌、连接和簇聚形式、微粒元素组合等性质上相似，表明两者为同成因物质，是内生成矿作用元素存在形式，土壤颗粒中金属纳米颗粒来自深部矿体。在金矿上方土壤颗粒中采集的纳米金属颗粒，与在铜镍矿床覆盖层土壤颗粒中采集观测到的微粒，在微粒性质可以对比，表明元素的纳米微粒是稳定形式，在其源区形成后可借助多种营力，穿越后期地质作用覆盖层，在近地表被土壤地球化学障捕获滞留，是深部矿化的有效传递物质。深穿透地球化学技术可从土壤中分离富集采集到此纳米微粒，并通过其微粒性质，追踪其源区性质。此研究结果在实用意义上，可为以土壤作为采样介质的深穿透地球化学勘查探测覆盖区隐伏矿方法提供理论依据。

关键词: 隐伏矿床, 纳米金属微粒, 地气, 土壤活动金属, 地球化学迁移

Abstract:

Nanoscale particles of copper or copper alloy were widely discovered in soils and gases over concealed ore deposits, such as CuNi ore deposit, Au ore deposit and CuAu deposit. The particles in size diameters, shapes and compositions are similar to those in ore rocks. The facts show that copper minerals widely occur in native copper in various types of mineral deposits. The nanoscale particles of copper or alloy from the ore body could migrate upward to the surface, arriving at the surface, part of particles are persisting in the soil gases and the other part of particles may be trapped by soil geochemical barriers such as iron and manganese oxide coatings, clay minerals, colloids, soluble salts and secondary carbonates. The discovery of nanoscale particles of copper provides direct observation evidence for deeppenetrating geochemistry using soil and geogases as sampling media to search for deeply concealed ore deposits.

Key words:  concealed deposit, nanoscale metal particles, geogas, soil mobile metals, geochemical migration

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