地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 1-12.

• 论文 •    下一篇


喀斯特生态系统生物地球化学过程与物质循环研究:重要性、现状与趋势

刘丛强,郎赟超,李思亮,朴何春,涂成龙,刘涛泽,张伟,朱书法   

  1. 中国科学院 地球化学研究所 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州 贵阳 550002
  • 收稿日期:2009-11-01 修回日期:2009-11-10 出版日期:2009-12-16 发布日期:2009-12-10
  • 作者简介:刘丛强(1955—),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事生物地球化学过程和地表物质循环研究。Email: liucongqiang@vip.skleg.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2006CB403200); 国家自然科学基金项目(40721002, 90610037)

Researches on biogeochemical processes and nutrient cycling in karstic ecological systems, southwest China: A review.

 LIU Cong-Jiang, LANG Bin-Chao, LI Sai-Liang, PIAO He-Chun, CHU Cheng-Long, LIU Chao-Ze, ZHANG Wei   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
  • Received:2009-11-01 Revised:2009-11-10 Online:2009-12-16 Published:2009-12-10

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摘要：

喀斯特地质与生态系统是地球表层系统中的重要组成部分,其变化将对其他地区以及整个地球系统产生影响．生物地球化学循环是全球和区域变化研究的核心内容,而生态系统的演化与系统内水分和养分的生物地球化学循环密切相关。因此,我们有必要将喀斯特生态系统纳入到更大区域或全球生态系统中进行分析研究,在充分研究认识整个喀斯特生态系统物质生物地球化学循环规律的基础上,进一步研究喀斯特生态系统的全球变化响应或影响机制,为喀斯特生态系统优化调控对策和措施提供科学基础。研究生态系统演化过程中物质的生物地球化学循环规律,是研究植物适生性、物种优化配置和适应性生态系统调控机理的关键基础。在介绍前人工作基础的同时,本文全面而概括地总结了我们近年利用元素、同位素(如δ13C、δ15N、δ34S、87Sr/86Sr)示踪和化学计量学理论和方法对喀斯特生态系统中不同界面和流域中物质的生物地球化学循环及其生态环境效应的研究成果。认识到:喀斯特流域生物地球化学循环活跃,相互耦合,并与流域生态环境变化相互制约;人类活动正干预流域物质的自然生物地球化学循环过程,并导致相应的生态和环境效应;全球变化科学深化有赖于区域生态环境变化及物质生物地球化学循环的研究。这些认识是我们将来系统深入开展喀斯特以及其他流域生态系统物质生物地球化学循环研究的重要方向。

关键词: 喀斯特生态系统;生物地球化学循环;全球变化;区域响应;生态适应性;研究趋势

Abstract:

 Karstic geological and ecological systems are the important components of the Earths surface system, and their changes will give impacts on other areas and even the Earth system. Biogeochemical cycling is the key subject of studies of global as well as local changes, since there is a strong linkage between change of an ecological system and biogeochemical cycling of water and nutrients. Accordingly, it is important to study the changes of karstic ecological system and its response to or impact on global change, based on a better understanding of biogeochemical cycling in a whole karstic ecological system. It is the base of further studies on plant adaptabilities and optimization of assemblage of plant species of an ecological system. Based on the previous studies, this review introduces our researches on biogeochemical processes and nutrient cycling occurring mainly at rock/soil and soil/plant interfaces in karstic ecological system by using chemical balance theory, stoichiometry and multiple isotope tracers (e.g., δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, 87Sr/86Sr). The achieved important understandings are that the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in karstic ecological system is active, coupled to each other and closely related to ecoenvironmental change, that human activities are clearly impacting natural biogeochemical cycling in catchments and result in related ecological and environmental problems, and that the studies on areal change are important for studying global change. These findings or recognitions will be the main directions leading our further studies of biogeochemical cycling nutrients in karstic and other ecological systems.

Key words:  karstic ecological system; biogeochemical cycling; global change; areal response; ecological adaptability; research trends