地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 185-198.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

多重分形滤波方法和地球化学信息提取技术研究与进展

成秋明 张生元 左仁广 陈志军 谢淑云 夏庆霖 徐德义 姚凌青   

  1. 1中国地质大学 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430074, 北京 100083
    2中国地质大学(武汉) 资源学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
    3石家庄经济学院 资源与环境工程研究所, 河北 石家庄 050031
    4中国地质大学(武汉) 地球科学学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
    5中国地质大学(武汉) 经济与管理学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-20 出版日期:2009-03-02 发布日期:2009-03-02
  • 作者简介:成秋明(1960—),男,教授,博士生导师,教育部长江学者特聘教授,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,国际数学地球科学协会最高奖——克伦宾奖章获得者,主要从事矿产普查与勘探、数学地质、地理信息系统以及矿产资源评价的教学和研究。E-mail:qiuming@cug.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40525009);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40638041);国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2006AA06Z115);教育部创新团队基金项目(IRT0755);地质调查项目(121201063390110);云南锡业集团省校合作项目

 Progress  of multifractal filtering techniques and their applications in geochemical information extraction.

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Beijing 100083, China
    2Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    3Institute of Natural Resource and Environment Engineering, Shijiazhuang University of Economics, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
    4Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    5Faculty of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
  • Received:2009-03-20 Online:2009-03-02 Published:2009-03-02

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摘要：

圈定地球化学异常是勘查地球化学和环境地球化学研究中的一项基础性工作。笔者通过详细分析近30年来与地球科学密切相关的分形和多重分形等现代非线性理论和新方法的迅速发展和应用,特别是以解决地球化学复杂背景与叠加异常分解难题为例,介绍了广义自相似理论与分形滤波技术的发展和应用,相信在资源、环境、灾害的其他应用领域也将发挥重要影响。文中阐明了多重分形是更具普适性的地球化学元素分布模式,“密度面积”分形模型是刻画地球化学异常的基础模型,并为多个空间开展分形滤波和分解地球化学复杂背景与叠加异常的理论基础。该方法的显著优势在于将地球化学场的各向异性、尺度不变性、广义自相似性等特征集于一体,具有压制变化性背景干扰,突出局部异常的能力,其中CA和SA业已广泛应用于矿产勘查靶区圈定和环境污染模式识别,形成了分解地球化学复杂背景和叠加异常的常用技术,在国内外多个成矿区带取得了显著的找矿效果。

关键词: 地球化学异常; 密度面积模型; 多重分形; 矿产勘查; 环境评价

Abstract:

Delineation of geochemical anomalies is essential both in exploration geochemistry and environmental geochemistry Since the first attempt of using the concentrationarea (CA) multifractal method for separating geochemical anomaly from background, it has become an innovative field of exploration and environmental geochemistry and various fractal filtering techniques have been developed for decomposing overlapping geochemical anomalies from complex backgrounds This paper  reviews the state of the art of the research on distribution patterns of geochemical elements and the approaches to identify geochemical anomalies, and demonstrates that the multifractal model provides a general distribution type for geochemical elements The “concentrationarea (CA)” fractal model is a fundamental model for characterizing geochemical anomalies related to mineralization or environment pollution impact It also provides a base for fractal filtering in various domains such as Fourier domain, Eigen domain and Wash domain The fractal filtering methods developed in these domains have not only the general advantages of traditional statistical methods but also added attraction as they  deal with anisotropic scaling and generalized selfsimilarity From application point of view these methods can reduce the influence of the variable background and enhance the local anomalies The methods have been commonly applied in delineation of target areas for mineral exploration and in recognition of pollution patterns for environmental assessment

Key words: geochemical anomaly; concentrationarea; multifractal; mineral exploration; environmental assessment

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