保定市区西部地下水循环规律及一亩泉成因研究:来自水化学、同位素和地下水位动态的证据

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.9.17

地学前缘 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 525-534.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.9.17

保定市区西部地下水循环规律及一亩泉成因研究:来自水化学、同位素和地下水位动态的证据

魏世博¹^,²(), 贾茂平³, 吴初¹^,⁴, 张福存², 罗银飞²^,^*(), 吕永高¹^,²

1.水利部京津冀水安全保障重点实验室, 北京 100038
2.中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心, 天津 300309
3.河北省保定水文勘测研究中心, 河北保定 071000
4.中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038

收稿日期:2025-05-07 修回日期:2025-09-09 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-01-29
通信作者: *罗银飞(1976—),男,正高级工程师,主要从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查研究。E-mail: 478967346@qq.com
作者简介:魏世博(1992—),男,工程师,主要从事水文地质与水资源调查研究。E-mail: 1013233143@qq.com
基金资助:
水利部京津冀水安全保障重点实验室开放研究基金项目(IWHR-KLWS-202306)

Study on groundwater circulation patterns in the western urban area of Baoding City and formation mechanism of Yimu Spring: Evidence from hydrochemistry, isotopes, and groundwater level dynamics

WEI Shibo¹^,²(), JIA Maoping³, WU Chu¹^,⁴, ZHANG Fucun², LUO Yinfei²^,^*(), LÜ Yonggao¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Water Safety for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China
2. Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300309, China
3. Hebei Baoding Hydrographic Survey and Research Center, Baoding 071000, China
4. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China

Received:2025-05-07 Revised:2025-09-09 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-01-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受人类活动和气候变化叠加影响,保定市区西部山前平原地下水情势发生显著变化,一亩泉复涌也引起广泛关注。为科学调控地下水位和实施一亩泉泉域保护治理,开展变化环境下保定市区西部山前平原地下水循环规律研究和一亩泉成因研究尤为必要。本研究采用水化学与同位素分析、地下水位动态监测、钻探技术,获取了研究区多源数据,系统解析保定市区西部山前平原地下水循环规律及一亩泉成因。结果表明:平原区隐伏裂隙岩溶水与上覆松散岩类孔隙水水力联系密切;极端强降水条件下,山前平原隐伏裂隙岩溶水、浅层松散岩类孔隙水对山区地下水侧向径流补给响应敏感,地下水位响应的控制机理为侧向径流补给,隐伏裂隙岩溶水对山区地下水侧向径流补给的响应较松散岩类孔隙水强烈。一亩泉泉水主要来源于第I、II含水层组中地下水,与碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶水无直接水力联系。一亩泉东侧第I、II含水层组中含水层累计厚度骤减,造成地下水向下游侧向径流受阻,承压水头抬升;加之地势低洼、浅部地层岩性颗粒相对较粗等有利于地下水溢出的因素,第I、II含水层组中地下水在一亩泉村溢出成泉。

关键词: 地下水循环, 极端强降水, 隐伏裂隙岩溶水, 一亩泉

Abstract:

The groundwater regime in the piedmont plain of western Baoding City has been significantly altered by combined human activities and climate change, drawing attention to the resurgence of Yimu Spring. Understanding the groundwater circulation patterns and the formation mechanism of Yimu Spring under these changing conditions is crucial for scientific groundwater management and spring protection. This study investigates these issues by employing a combination of hydrochemical and isotopic analyses, groundwater level monitoring, and borehole data. The results reveal: (1) The concealed fractured-karst groundwater is in close hydraulic connection with the overlying porous groundwater in the unconsolidated plain sediments. (2) Under extreme precipitation, both the fractured-karst and shallow porous groundwater in the piedmont plain are highly sensitive to lateral recharge from the mountainous areas, which is the dominant controlling mechanism for water-level fluctuations. The response of the fractured-karst groundwater is more pronounced, indicating its primary role in transmitting recharge. (3) Yimu Spring is primarily sourced from the groundwater in the shallow (Groups I and II) aquifers and shows no direct hydraulic connection to the deeper carbonate fractured-karst water. The spring formation is attributed to a combination of factors: a sharp pinch-out of Aquifer Groups I and II east of the spring, which impedes lateral flow and results in a localized increase in confined hydraulic head; low-lying topography; and the presence of relatively coarse-grained, permeable lithology in the shallow strata. These conditions collectively promote groundwater discharge, leading to the emergence of Yimu Spring.

Key words: groundwater circulation, extreme heavy precipitation, concealed fractured-karst groundwater, Yimu Spring

中图分类号:

P641.3

魏世博, 贾茂平, 吴初, 张福存, 罗银飞, 吕永高. 保定市区西部地下水循环规律及一亩泉成因研究:来自水化学、同位素和地下水位动态的证据[J]. 地学前缘, 2026, 33(2): 525-534.

WEI Shibo, JIA Maoping, WU Chu, ZHANG Fucun, LUO Yinfei, LÜ Yonggao. Study on groundwater circulation patterns in the western urban area of Baoding City and formation mechanism of Yimu Spring: Evidence from hydrochemistry, isotopes, and groundwater level dynamics[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2026, 33(2): 525-534.

图/表 10

图1 研究区位置及取样点分布

Fig.1 Location of the study area and distribution of sampling points

图2 研究区不同类型地下水δD-δ18O关系

Fig.2 Relationships between δD and δ18O of different groundwater types in the study area

图3 研究区不同类型地下水87Sr/86Sr与Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+关系

Fig.3 Relationships between87Sr/86Sr and Ca2+/Na+ or Mg2+/Na+ of different groundwater types in the study area

图4 研究区地下水水化学类型piper三线图(单位为%meq·L-1)

Fig.4 Piper diagram of groundwater hydrochemical types in the study area (expressed in units of %meq·L-1)

图5 一亩泉周边地区地下水水化学组分垂向分布特征

Fig.5 Vertical distribution characteristics of hydrochemical composition in groundwater near Yimu Spring

图6 研究区不同类型地下水中 SO 4 2 -含量与δ34S关系

Fig.6 Relationships between SO 4 2 - content and δ34S in different groundwater types in the study area

图7 1号监测井地下水位动态变化

Fig.7 Variation patterns of groundwater level in monitoring well No.1

图8 2号监测井地下水位动态变化

Fig.8 Variation patterns of groundwater level in monitoring well No.2

图9 3号监测井地下水位动态变化

Fig.9 Variation patterns of groundwater level in monitoring well No.3

图10 研究区地下水循环模式及一亩泉成因

Fig.10 Groundwater circulation pattern in the study area and formation mechanism of Yimu Spring

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保定市区西部地下水循环规律及一亩泉成因研究:来自水化学、同位素和地下水位动态的证据

Study on groundwater circulation patterns in the western urban area of Baoding City and formation mechanism of Yimu Spring: Evidence from hydrochemistry, isotopes, and groundwater level dynamics

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