激光原位Rb-Sr年代学定年原理、分析方法和地学应用

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.1.23

地学前缘 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 1-26.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.1.23

• 战略矿产前沿分析与勘查技术 • 上一篇下一篇

激光原位Rb-Sr年代学定年原理、分析方法和地学应用

于鹏岳¹^,²^,³(), 李超²^,³^,^*(), 张基昊²^,³, 章浩²^,³, 任竑宇²^,³, 左鹏飞⁴, 张苏坤⁵, 冯绍平⁵, 于皓丞¹, 邱昆峰¹

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院/地质过程与成矿预测全国重点实验室/深时数字地球前沿科学中心, 北京 100083
2.国家地质实验测试中心, 北京 100037
3.中国地质调查局Re-Os同位素地球化学重点实验室, 北京 100037
4.河南理工大学资源环境学院, 河南焦作 454000
5.河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质矿产调查院, 河南洛阳 471000

收稿日期:2024-11-05 修回日期:2025-03-02 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-01-29
通信作者: *李超(1983—),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事地球化学研究工作。E-mail: Re-Os@163.com
作者简介:于鹏岳(1999—),男,博士研究生,地质学专业。E-mail: ypy_13@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2906900);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0714800);国家自然科学基金项目(41873065);深时数字地球前沿科学中心项目(2652023001)

Principle, analytical method and geological application of LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr chronology

YU Pengyue¹^,²^,³(), LI Chao²^,³^,^*(), ZHANG Jihao²^,³, ZHANG Hao²^,³, REN Hongyu²^,³, ZUO Pengfei⁴, ZHANG Sukun⁵, FENG Shaoping⁵, YU Haocheng¹, QIU Kunfeng¹

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing)/State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources/Frontiers Science Center for Deep-time Digital Earth, Beijing 100083, China
2. National Research Center of Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China
3. Key Laboratory of Re-Os Isotope Geochemistry, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China
4. School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
5. Henan First Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471000, China

Received:2024-11-05 Revised:2025-03-02 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-01-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Rb-Sr放射性衰变广泛应用于岩石矿物年代学中,由于⁸⁷Sr同位素在质谱测量过程中会受到⁸⁷Rb的同质异位素的干扰,传统的方法只能通过化学前处理分离Rb和Sr元素,导致流程繁琐、实验周期较长、化学试剂消耗量大。此外,整体分析很难将不同期次、不同阶段矿物分离。近年来,激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体串联质谱仪(laser ablation triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,LA-ICP-MS/MS)的发展使原位Rb-Sr定年成为可能。LA-ICP-MS/MS在碰撞反应池中通入反应气体,通过测量Sr与N₂O或者SF₆等气体反应转换的SrO⁺或SrF⁺,实现⁸⁷Rb和⁸⁷Sr的在线分离。原位Rb-Sr定年具有高效、低成本和原位分析等显著优势,被初步应用于地学研究中。本文介绍了原位Rb-Sr定年原理及方法,并梳理了该方法在微区原位定年中存在的元素分馏和基体效应等问题。回顾了近年来LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr年代学应用的研究进展,重点论述了该方法在沉积岩地层时代的直接厘定、基性岩浆岩和伟晶岩中精确定年、多期变质事件识别、断层活动的时代限定以及金矿成矿时代确定等方面的应用,包括在月球样品中原位Rb-Sr定年也呈现出较大的潜力。LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr定年技术的发展和应用,为未来地质年代学的研究提供了新思路,在地球科学研究中具有重要的发展前景。

关键词: LA-ICP-MS/MS, 原位Rb-Sr定年, 三重四极杆质谱仪, 基体效应激光微区分析, 同位素定年

Abstract:

The Rb-Sr isotopic system is widely used for the geochronology of rocks and minerals. However, conventional measurement techniques are plagued by the isobaric interference of ⁸⁷Rb on ⁸⁷Sr during mass spectrometry. This necessitates tedious chemical separation of Rb and Sr, leading to a time-consuming analytical process with high consumption of chemical reagents. Moreover, the conventional Rb-Sr dating approach makes it challenging to distinguish minerals formed during different geological events or growth stages. Recent advancements in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS/MS) have made in-situ Rb-Sr dating a feasible alternative. By introducing reactive gases (e.g., N₂O or SF₆) into the collision/reaction cell, LA-ICP-MS/MS converts Sr⁺ to SrO⁺ and SrF⁺, thereby achieving online separation of ⁸⁷Rb and ⁸⁷Sr. This capability enables in-situ Rb-Sr dating, which offers significant advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, and high spatial resolution. This article introduces the principles of in-situ Rb-Sr dating and discusses challenges such as element fractionation and matrix effects associated with this technique. Its further reviews recent research progress in the application of LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr geochronology, with a focus on applications including the direct determination of stratigraphic ages in sedimentary rocks, precise dating of basic magmatic rocks and pegmatites, identification of multiple metamorphic events, constraining the timing of fault activities, and determining the age of gold mineralization. In-situ Rb-Sr dating also demonstrates considerable potential for analyzing lunar samples. The development and application of LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr dating provide new avenues for deciphering the evolutionary history of geological bodies, holding significant promise for future geochronological research and outlining its promising prospects in Earth sciences.

Key words: LA-ICP-MS/MS, in situ Rb-Sr dating, triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, matrix effect, microanalysis, isotopic dating

中图分类号:

P611
P597

于鹏岳, 李超, 张基昊, 章浩, 任竑宇, 左鹏飞, 张苏坤, 冯绍平, 于皓丞, 邱昆峰. 激光原位Rb-Sr年代学定年原理、分析方法和地学应用[J]. 地学前缘, 2026, 33(2): 1-26.

YU Pengyue, LI Chao, ZHANG Jihao, ZHANG Hao, REN Hongyu, ZUO Pengfei, ZHANG Sukun, FENG Shaoping, YU Haocheng, QIU Kunfeng. Principle, analytical method and geological application of LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr chronology[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2026, 33(2): 1-26.

图/表 22

图1 热电离质谱仪器结构原理示意图(据文献[16]修改)

Fig.1 Principle of instrument structure of thermal ionization mass spectrometer. Modified after [16].

图2 Neptune plus MC-ICP-MS结构示意图(据文献[20]修改)

Fig.2 Neptune plus MC-ICP-MS structure diagram. Modified after [20].

图3 Agilent 8800/8900 ICP-MS/MS结构示意图(据文献[27]修改)

Fig.3 Agilent 8800/8900 ICP-MS/MS structure diagram. Modified after [27].

图4 Thermo Fisher ScientificTM Bremen公司Proteus(MC-ICP-MS/MS)结构示意图(据文献[28]修改) 前端红色部分为Thermo ScientificTM iCAP QTM,后端蓝色部分来源于Thermo ScientificTM Neptune PlusTM。

Fig.4 Thermo Fisher ScientificTM Bremen Schematic diagram of company Proteus (MC-ICP-MS/MS) structure. Modified after [28].

图5 SIMS独居石U-Pb年龄和黑色页岩基质Rb-Sr年龄对比图(据文献[33]修改)

Fig.5 Comparison diagram of SIMS monazite U-Pb ages and black shale matrix Rb-Sr ages. Modified after[33].

图6 伊利石岩相学照片和Rb-Sr年龄(据文献[34]修改) mus—白云母;chl—绿泥石;illite—伊利石;ru—金红石;qtz—石英。

Fig.6 Illite petrographic photographs and Rb-Sr age. Modified after[34].

图7 海绿石沉积模式和Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[35]修改)

Fig.7 Glauconite depositional model and Rb-Sr isochron age. Modified after [35].

图8 钾镁煌斑岩中金云母和钾长石Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[49]修改)

Fig.8 Rb-Sr isochron ages of phlogopite and K-feldspar in lamproite. Modified after [49].

图9 伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床中白云母和钾长石Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[50]修改)

Fig.9 Rb-Sr isochron ages of muscovite and K-feldspar in pegmatite-type rare metal deposits. Modified after [50].

图10 石榴子石二云母片岩中黑云母Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[54])

Fig.10 Rb-Sr isochron ages of biotite in garnet-two-mica schist. Modified after[54].

图11 强变形变质样品中钾长石和黑云母Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[49]修改)

Fig.11 Rb-Sr isochron ages of K-feldspar and biotite in strongly deformed metamorphic sample. Modified after [49].

图12 样品岩相学、矿物学、采样位置和Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[55]修改)

Fig.12 Petrography, mineralogy, sampling locations, and Rb-Sr isochron ages of the samples. Modified after [55].

图13 花岗质糜棱岩中白云母电子背散射衍射图像和Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[56]修改)

Fig.13 Integrated microstructural (EBSD) and geochronological (Rb-Sr) analysis of muscovite in granitic mylonite. Modified after [56].

图14 眼球状片麻岩和含金毒砂脉野外照片和Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[65]修改)

Fig.14 Field photographs of augen gneiss and gold-bearing arsenopyrite veins, with Rb-Sr isochron ages. Modified after [65].

图15 阶梯状、片状断层运动方向及显微照片和Rb-Sr等时线年龄(据文献[75]修改)

Fig.15 Kinematic indicators of step-like and sheet faults, photomicrographs, and Rb-Sr isochron ages. Modified after [75].

图16 原位Rb-Sr定年过程中Rb和Sr灵敏度谱线图

Fig.16 Sensitivity spectra of Rb and Sr during in-situ Rb-Sr dating process

图17 火山源与陆源物质混合的87Sr/86Sr-1/Sr的拟合直线(据文献[81]修改)

Fig.17 Fitting line of 87Sr/86Sr-1/Sr mixture of volcanic and terrestrial materials. Modified after [81].

图18 各类同位素体系封闭温度汇总(据文献[83]修改)

Fig.18 Summary of closure temperatures for various isotopic systems. Modified after [83].

图19 白云母Li、Sc、Fe、Rb、Sr、Cs、Ba、W含量和Rb/Sr图

Fig.19 Content maps of Li, Sc, Fe, Rb, Sr, Cs, Ba, W, and Rb/Sr in muscovite

表1 原位Rb-Sr定年中涉及的标样信息

Table 1 Standard sample information involved in in situ Rb-Sr dating

标样名称	类型	年龄/Ma	⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr 值	2se	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr 值	2se	含量及误差/10^-6				参考文献
标样名称	类型	年龄/Ma	⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr 值	2se	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr 值	2se	Rb	2se	Sr	2se	参考文献
Mica-Mg	金云母纳米粉末压饼	—	155.6	7.3	1.862 2	0.006 7	1 327	41	27.05	1.51	[97]
Mica-Mg	金云母纳米粉末压饼	519.4±6.5	154.6	1.9	1.852 5	0.002 4	—	—	—	—	[9]
Mica-Fe	黑云母纳米粉末压饼	287±55	181.5	246	7.99	1.02	2 293	142	6.22	0.63	[97]
Mica-Fe	黑云母纳米粉末压饼	—	2 000.2	161.8	8	0.29	2 489.1	238.67	3.63	0.47	[98]
FK-NP	钾长石纳米粉末压饼	512±30	69.9	4.1	1.211 4	0.002 1	853	69	37.05	1	[97]
FK-NP	钾长石纳米粉末压饼	—	79.68	6.85	1.215	0.005	889.64	48.87	31.97	2.07	[98]
GL-O	海绿石纳米粉末压饼	89.2±9.9	36.2	4	0.753 05	0.000 89	228	18	18.33	1	[97]
GL-O	海绿石纳米粉末压饼	—	36.57	0.26	0.753 561	0.000 32	237.11	16.5	18.84	1.31	[98]
MDC	金云母	519.4±6.5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	[9]
NIST SRM 610	玻璃	—	2.33	0.006	0.709 4	0.000 2	425.7	0.8	515.5	0.5	[99]
NIST SRM 610	玻璃	—	2.389 4	0.8	0.709 699	0.000 018	—	—	—	—	[28]
NIST SRM 612	玻璃	—	—	—	0.709 063	0.000 002	35.16	2.56	79.6	4.26	[28]
BCR-2G	玻璃	—	0.390 1	0.000 9	0.705 003	0.000 008	44.8	7.4	324	5	[95]
USGS BHVO-2G	玻璃	—	0.065 57	0.000 66	0.703 469	0.000 007	9.2	0.2	397	5	[95]
TB-1G	玻璃	—	0.296 4	0.004 9	0.705 58	0.000 023	142	1	1 352	13	[95]
ATHO-G	玻璃	—	—	—	0.703 224	—	—	—	—	—	[100-101]
T1-G	玻璃	—	—	—	0.710 093	0.000 004	—	—	—	—	[100-101]
StHs6/80-G	玻璃	—	—	—	0.703 497	0.000 008	—	—	—	—	[100-101]

表2 近年来原位Rb-Sr定年成功案例及实验条件

Table 2 Successful cases and experimental conditions of in-situ Rb Sr dating in recent years

图20 87Rb/86Sr值跨度和87Sr/86Sr值跨度对年龄精度的影响

Fig.20 The influence of 87Rb/86Sr ratio span and 87Sr/86Sr ratio span on age accuracy

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激光原位Rb-Sr年代学定年原理、分析方法和地学应用

Principle, analytical method and geological application of LA-ICP-MS/MS Rb-Sr chronology

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