The origin and evolution of the Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake in the upper Jinsha River

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.9.9

Abstract

Abstract:

In the Batang-Zhongza segment of the upper Jinsha River on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, major plaeolandslides were widely developed along either bank of the river, some had blocked the river flow to form dammed lakes. The large scale Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake is one of them, however, its origin and evolution have not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the geomorphology and sedimentology of the Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake through field investigation, remote sensing interpretation and optical stimulated luminescence dating, and analyzed its origin and evolutionary processes. The study results indicated that the Teimi paleolandslide-dammed lake was caused by a major landslide blocking the Jinsha River, triggered by the intensive paleoearthquakes in this area. The maximum lake area and volume were about 1.42×10⁷ m² and 1.46×10⁹ m³, respectively. The formation time of this paleolake was ~1.8 ka BP, and the time of its breaching was ~1.4 ka BP, with a peak discharging of 55858 m³/s, implying that the Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake were stable for about 400 years.

Key words: The upper Jinsha River, landslide-dammed lake, lacustrine deposits, outburst deposits, evolution

CLC Number:

P642.2
P694

CHEN Jian, CUI Zhijiu, CHEN Ruichen, ZHENG Xinxin. The origin and evolution of the Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake in the upper Jinsha River[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(2): 85-93.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Map showing the location of the study area and regional faults. Modified after [18].

Fig.2 Formation lithology of the study area and the Temi paleolake location

Fig.3 Stratigraphy and sampling sites for OSL dating

Fig.4 Aerial imagery showing the locations of the Temi paleolandslide, lake deposits, and outburst deposits

Fig.5 Photos of the Temi paleolandslide, lake deposits, and outburst deposits

Fig.6 OSL results. (a, b) Dose growth curves; (c, d) Radiation distribution for equivalent doses (De); (e, f) Radial plot.

Table 1 OSL experimental parameters and dating results

样品编号	采样地点	高程/m	w(U)/10^-6	w(Th)/10^-6	w(K)/%	水含量/%	剂量率/(Gy·ka^-1)	等效剂量/Gy	年龄/ka
TM-03	上游湖相层下部	2 472.5	2.32	10.60	1.91	1.28	3.41±0.17	6.0±0.4	1.8±0.1
TM-04	上游湖相层底部	2 472.2	2.15	9.86	1.79	0.78	3.21±0.16	5.8±0.5	1.8±0.2
TM-01	下游溃坝堆积层顶部	2 469.3	1.81	8.24	1.47	0.94	2.74±0.13	3.8±0.4	1.4±0.1
TM-02	下游溃坝堆积层上部	2 469.0	1.65	6.14	1.26	0.95	2.34±0.11	3.7±0.3	1.6±0.1

Table 2 Results of AMS-14C geochronologic analysis of lacustrine deposits

野外编号	样品类型	采样地点	高程/m	¹⁴C年龄/a	树轮校正后年龄 (2σ,95.4%)/a	区间概率
C9-1	黏土	右岸湖相层底部	2 541	6 280±30	7 270~7 160	0.95
C9-2	黏土	右岸湖相层底部	2 540	6 995±25	7 940~7 890 7 880~7 750	0.21 0.75

Fig.7 A reconstructed topographic contour map of the Temi paleolandslide-dammed lake (lake level at 2645 m)

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