Abstract:

Based on the comprehensive analysis of the regional geological data, combining with the new geo age data, this paper divides the basement rock series into three classes and five layers: the Late ArchaeanEarly Proterozoic crystalline basement (D1); the Mesoproterozoic metamorphosed basement (D2); folded basement of the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou system (D3A); the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou systemthe Middle and Lower Devonian series (D3B), the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou systemthe Middle and Lower Triassic series (D3C), and several tectonic units were divided, i.e., QinlingDabieSulu, Jiangnan, Nanhua, WuyiYuankai orogen and Kangdian multiple orogen from the north to the south. This paper expounds the evolution of the South China Block, which is consistent with the process of the super continent (Columbia in 1800 Ma, Rodinia in 1000 Ma and Pangea in 250 Ma), separating and convergence. This paper proposes that inland orogen has always undergone multistage tectonic movements, including cracking into a basin, extensional detachment, compressive squeezing and thermal uplift to form mountains. The forming geodynamic source may be provided by the extensional detachmentslip shear process within the lithosphere and different layers of crust caused by “mantle differential circulation”, under the prerequisite geodynamic setting of the differential rotation between several earths spheres. And then this paper summarizes the new tectonic framework in the MesoCenozoic, especially for south China caused by the Yanshan movement, explains widespread and direction of the distribution of volcanic magmatic activity, age migration, lithologic zonality and regularity of intrusion. Obviously it is not associated with the “East Asian multidirection convergence” and the westward subduction of the Pacific plate. This paper also classifies the main metal mineral deposits in south China into syngenetic, endogenic and superimposed mineral deposit, initially concludes the type, formation condition and regularities of distribution of these deposits, and finally gives some suggestions for the further exploration based on the control of rock and orecontrolling characteristics.

Key words: South China, crystalline basement, metamorphosed basement, folded basement, inland orogen, rock and ore controlling tectonics