中国含油气盆地沉积研究主要科学问题与发展分析

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.1

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沉积相研究发展与人类的生存和矿产资源勘探开发密切相关。该文在简单回顾了近200年的沉积学发展历史的基础上,分析了国际和中国沉积学关注的学科热点问题。国际沉积学会重点关注的问题主要包括国际大洋钻探计划、深-时气候变化与全球海平面变化、源-汇系统、碳酸盐岩沉积环境、混合沉积、微生物岩、陆架边缘三角洲、重力流、细粒沉积、构造-沉积学、火山沉积学和地震沉积学。中国的沉积学家的研究则主要着眼于陆相沉积、陆相盆地沉积模型、南海沉积、不同类型盆地沉积过程差异、浅水三角洲与陆架边缘三角洲、不同尺度与不同地质年代源-汇系统、中国南部小型克拉通盆地内的碳酸盐岩沉积等问题。总体上,当前研究热点主要包括:(1)陆相沉积环境;(2)滨岸与浅水沉积;(3)深水沉积与事件沉积;(4)碳酸盐岩沉积;(5)沉积过程与新方法。开展多类型盆地沉积动力学研究、创建具有中国区域特色的陆相沉积学理论体系、多学科交叉渗透、开展综合定量沉积学研究、创新沉积学研究方法和高效油气勘探开发是未来中国沉积研究的主要发展态势,沉积学这一重要的地质学分支学科将会更有效地指导油气资源勘探和开发。

关键词: 沉积研究科学问题, 沉积研究发展现状, 沉积研究发展建议

Abstract:

Sedimentological research is highly relevant to human survival and mineral resource exploration and exploitation. In this paper, we briefly analyzed the rearch hotspots in sedimentological researches both at home and abroad by examining the recent 200 years of research history. The International Association of Sedimentology has paid much attention to the IODP, deep-time climate and global sea level changes, source-to-sink system, carbonate sedimentary environment, mixed clastic-carbonate sedimentation, microbialite, shelf edge delta, gravity flow, fine-grained sedimentation, tectono-sedimentology, and volcanic and seismic sedimentology. While Chinese sedimentologists have focused on continental sedimentation, sedimentary models of continental basins, sedimentology of the South China Sea, sedimentary process of different types of basins in China, shallow and shelf edge deltas, source-to-sink systems of different sizes and geological ages, and carbonate deposits in small cratonic basins of southern China. Presently, the major global sedimentological research hotspots include continental sedimentology, onshore and shallow-water deposits, deep-water sedimentation and event deposits, carbonate sedimentation, sedimentary process and new methods. Future areas of sedimentological research development in China shall include theory of sedimentary dynamics of different petroliferous basins, regional characteristic continental sedimentology, multi-disciplinary approach, quantitative sedimentology, and new research methods. Sedimentology as a very important discipline of geology can guide more efficient hydrocarbon prospecting and exploration.

Key words: scientific issue of sedimentoligical research, update development of sedimentology, suggestion of sedimentological research

中图分类号:

朱筱敏, 董艳蕾, 刘成林, 叶蕾, 张美洲. 中国含油气盆地沉积研究主要科学问题与发展分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(1): 1-11.

ZHU Xiaomin, DONG Yanlei, LIU Chenglin, YE Lei, ZHANG Meizhou. Major challenges and development in Chinese sedimentological research on petroliferous basins[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(1): 1-11.

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