地学前缘 ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 110-123.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.4.24

• "第四届全国青年地质大会论文"专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙东中新世菱属果实化石的数量分类

肖良1,4,5(), 王兴1, 李雪梅2, 李相传1,5, 贾慧3, 孙楠1, 梁嘉琪1, 王钦1, 李江啸1, 雍媛媛1   

  1. 1.长安大学 地球科学与资源学院, 陕西 西安 710054
    2.中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 陕西 西安 710018
    3.西安石油大学 地球科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710065
    4.中国科学院 南京地质古生物研究所 现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210008
    5.西北大学 陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710069
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-22 修回日期:2020-04-11 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-07-25
  • 作者简介:肖 良(1980—),男,副教授,主要从事古植物与古环境演化研究。E-mail: youmu4@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41872017);国家自然科学基金项目(41802019);国家自然科学基金项目(41672156);现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所)开放课题基金项目(183125);现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所)开放课题基金项目(193113);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JM-401);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102278205);长安大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910710103)

Numerical taxonomy of Miocene Trapa L. fossil fruits from eastern Zhejiang, China

XIAO Liang1,4,5(), WANG Xing1, LI Xuemei2, LI Xiangchuan1,5, JIA Hui3, SUN Nan1, LIANG Jiaqi1, WANG Qin1, LI Jiangxiao1, YONG Yuanyuan1   

  1. 1. School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
    2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an 710018, China
    3. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
    4. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
    5. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
  • Received:2019-05-22 Revised:2020-04-11 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-07-25

摘要:

在浙东天台晚中新世嵊县组发现大量菱属果实化石。该化石保存完好,特征丰富。由于其种类多、性状冗杂不明显,菱属植物的鉴定与分类一直存在很大争议。本研究基于菱属果实化石性状特征多、便于测量记录的特点,通过聚类分析和主成分分析等数值统计方法对菱属果实进行鉴别、归类,寻找鉴定分类中的指导性性状。首先,利用上述方法对现生菱属果实进行数量分析,取得了较好结果。然后,采用同样方法对菱属果实化石进行研究,认为聚类分析和主成分分析法能够对化石种进行有效的鉴定分类,可以成功剔除冗余性状。最后,研究得出果体形状、是否有果冠、果冠是否外翻、顶部形态、肩角生长方向、腰角生长方向、腰角长度、瘤状退化腰角数目等特征是菱属果实化石鉴定的关键性状。基于以上性状,嵊县组菱属果实化石可以分为两个类群。

关键词: 中新世嵊县组, 菱属植物, 果实化石, 聚类分析, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Abundant Trapa L. fruit fossils are found in the late Miocene Shengxian Formation in Tiantai, eastern Zhejiang. The fossils are well preserved with rich three-dimensional characteristics. However, the identification and taxonomy of Trapa L. have been controversial because of its large taxonomic variations yet subtle differences in the fossil's three-dimensional features. Since the characteristics of Trapa L. fossils are distinct and easy to measure and record, we used numerical statistics methods to classify Trapa L. fossils. The main methods include cluster and principal component analyses. The purpose of this research is to identify the Trapa fossil fruits and find the guiding characters for their identification and classification. First, we performed numerical analysis on living Trapa fruits and obtained good taxonomical result. Next, we analyzed Trapa fossil fruits. We believe the analyses can classify Trapa fossils and at the same time eliminate redundant characteristics used for identification. Finally, we obtained some discrimination characteristics, including fruit body shape, with or without head, valgus head, fruit top shape, upper or lower horn growth direction, length of lower horns, and number of degenerate tuberculate lower horns. Based on these characteristics, the fossil fruits can be effectively divided into two taxa.

Key words: Miocene Shengxian Formation, Trapa L., fossil fruits, cluster analysis, principal component analysis

中图分类号: