地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 273-278.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.5.26

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云南压实黏土层对油类污染物的防渗性能实验研究

刘玉龙,吴维洋,范俊欣,陈鸿汉   

  1. 1. 石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室, 北京 102206
    2. 中国石油集团 安全环保技术研究院有限公司, 北京 102206
    3. 中国地质大学(北京) 北京市水资源与环境工程重点实验室, 北京 100083
    4. 中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心 河南总队, 河南 信阳 464000
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-02 修回日期:2019-03-28 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-25
  • 作者简介:刘玉龙(1971—),男,高级工程师,环境工程专业,主要从事地下水污染防控技术研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油科技开发项目(2016D-4610)

Anti-seepage performance for oily pollutants in compacted clay layer of Yunnan Province, China

LIU Yulong,WU Weiyang,FAN Junxin,CHEN Honghan   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China
    2. Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 102206, China
    3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    4. Henan Branch, China National Geological Exploration Center of Building Material Industry, Xinyang 464000, China
  • Received:2019-02-02 Revised:2019-03-28 Online:2019-07-25 Published:2019-07-25
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 目前在压实黏土层(CCL)应用于油类污染物的防渗工程设计中,以水在CCL中的渗透系数低于10-7 cm/s为依据,该依据可能存在偏颇。文中以0#柴油和93#汽油作为典型油类污染物,在云南CCL中进行油相水相交替渗流实验。结果表明:(1)不同渗透压力下,水在云南CCL中的渗透系数为(0.41~2.52)×10-8 cm/s,云南黏土压实后可作为天然防渗衬层。(2)0#柴油和93#汽油穿透饱水的云南CCL时,存在临界水力梯度,分别为0.05和0.02 MPa;一旦突破临界水力梯度,CCL的渗透性急剧增大,0#柴油和93#汽油在CCL中的渗透系数较水在CCL中的高出1~3个数量级。(3)水相驱替0#柴油和93#汽油的过程中,CCL的渗透系数为10-7~10-6 cm/s;被油浸透过的CCL不能继续作为防渗衬层使用。(4)针对油类污染物的CCL防渗工程设计,以水在CCL中的渗透系数低于1.0×10-7 cm/s为标准是不适用的,需要提高CCL防渗的设计等级。

 

关键词: 渗透系数, 压实黏土层, 柴油, 汽油, 防渗

Abstract: In the current design of anti-seepage projects using compacted clay layers (CCL) against oily pollutants, the criterion that the hydraulic conductivity of water in CCLs should be less than 10-7 cm/s may be abused. In this paper, we performed oil (0# diesel and 93# gasoline) and water alternate seepage through CCLs of Yunnan Province, China. The results show that (1) under different seepage pressure, the hydraulic conductivity of water ranged (0.412.52)×10-8 cm/s, indicating the Yunnan clay can be used as natural anti-seepage lining; (2) critical hydraulic gradients for 0# diesel and 93# gasoline seepage through water-saturated CCLs were 0.05 and 0.02 MPa, respectively; once the critical hydraulic gradient was broken, the permeability of CCL increased rapidly and hydraulic conductivity of oily pollutants was 13 orders of magnitude higher than that of water; (3) in the process of water seepage through 0# diesel or 93# gasoline filled CCLs, the hydraulic conductivity of water was (10-710-6) cm/s; oil-soaked CCLs could not serve as anti-seepage lining again; and (4) the current standard for anti-seepage design against oily pollutant requires that hydraulic conductivity of water in CCL to be less than 1×10-7 cm/s, which is not applicable; the level of CCLs anti-seepage performance should be improved.

Key words: hydraulic conductivity, compacted clay layer, diesel, gasoline, anti-seepage

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