地学前缘 ›› 2018, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 299-306.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2018.6.1

• 环境地学 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤矿酸性矿井水主动式生物修复中铁的行为与归宿

盛益之，王广才，刘莹，李广贺   

  1. 1. 清华大学 环境学院; 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084
    2. 中国地质大学(北京) 水资源与环境学院, 北京 100083
    3.  中国地质大学(北京) 生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-26 修回日期:2018-06-06 出版日期:2018-07-15 发布日期:2018-07-15
  • 作者简介:盛益之(1989—)，男，博士，主要从事土壤与地下水污染相关研究工作。E-mail:shengyz0330@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41702262)；中国博士后基金项目(2017M610927)

Behavior and fate of Fe in the active bioremediation of acidic coal mine drainage.

SHENG Yizhi,WANG Guangcai,LIU Ying,LI Guanghe   

  1. 1. School of Environment, Tsinghua University; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing 100084, China
    2. School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    3. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2018-04-26 Revised:2018-06-06 Online:2018-07-15 Published:2018-07-15

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摘要： 酸性条件下Fe(II)的生物氧化过程可以被有效应用于煤矿酸性矿井水修复中，但是Fe行为与归宿的不确定性增加了应用难度。本研究通过对某煤矿酸性矿井水场地发生的生物地球化学过程进行监测，富集培养场地沉积物嗜酸微生物群落，进行室内恒化生物反应器连续流实验，探究微生物作用下Fe及其他金属离子的行为与归宿。研究表明，Fe的形态转化是场地和反应器中最主要的生物地球化学过程。当pH<2.7时，反应更倾向于产生溶解性Fe(III)；当2.7<pH<4.2时，反应更倾向于产生非溶解性Fe(III)。在酸性条件下，主动式生物反应器中其他金属离子并无明显形态转化。反应器中的沉积物主要由施氏矿物和针铁矿组成，并随着酸碱添加量的增加，向黄钠铁矾过渡。这些研究有助于将此类微生物过程应用于实际污染水体修复中，并为修复系统中的污泥回收和再利用提供科学依据。

关键词: 酸性矿井水, Fe(II)氧化, 生物反应器, 施氏矿物

Abstract: Biotic lowpH Fe(II) oxidation can be an effective component of the remediation system for acidic coal mine drainage. However, application of such system is limited because of uncertainties associated with Fe behavior and fate. By monitoring biogeochemical process at an acidic coal mine drainage site, we obtained enriched indigenous sediment microbes to explore the behavior and fate of Fe and other metals under microbialmediated condition in a chemostatic bioreactor. As the results illustrate, transformation of Fe species was the major biogeochemical process both at field site and in a bioreactor. At pH<2.7, redox reactions were more prone to produce soluble Fe(III); whereas, at 2.7<pH<4.2, insoluble Fe(III) species were preferentially produced. Under acidic conditions, no significant transformation involving other metal ions was detected in active bioreactors. The sediments generated in the reactor were mainly composed of schwertmannite and goethite, and mineralogical transformation moved towards to NaJarosite with increasing addition of acid or base. Our study helps to guide application of similar microbial processes to remediate contaminated waters and provides scientific significance for the sludge recovery and reuse effort.

Key words: acid mine drainage, Fe(II) oxidation, bioreactor, schwertmannite

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