地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 372-380.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏终碛湖溃决形式研究

  

  1. 1中国科学院 山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 四川 成都 610041
    2中国科学院、水利部 成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川 成都 610041
    3广东蓄能发电有限公司, 广东 广州 510630

  • 出版日期:2009-08-01 发布日期:2009-08-01
  • 作者简介:刘晶晶(1981—),女,主要从事岩土工程和山地灾害及防治工程研究。Email: chouchoujj@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40771024);交通部科技项目(200631879284);水利部公益性项目(200801032)

A study of the outburst form of the endmoraine lake in Tibet.

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    2Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences ＆ Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, China
    3Guangdong Pumped Storage Co.Ltd, Guangzhou 510630, China

  • Online:2009-08-01 Published:2009-08-01

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摘要：

西藏终碛湖众多,一旦发生溃决,将造成巨大损失。冰湖溃决机制的研究对冰湖溃决预测和溃后灾害评估是十分必要的。将冰湖终碛堤视为天然堆石坝,用水力学和土力学理论研究冰湖溃决的力学机制。重点研究溢流型溃决形式和管涌型溃决形式,根据野外观测数据和前人的研究,发现溢流型溃决的溃口多呈梯形或圆弧状形,对比真实数据发现溃口顶宽与坝高的关系,并且所有冰川终碛堤都表现为局部溃决。通过实地考察、取样分析,判断光谢措终碛堤的可能渗透破坏形式。

关键词: 西藏;终碛湖;溃决形式

Abstract:

Many endmoraine lakes are distributed in Tibet. Once any of theses lakes outbursts, this region will undergo a huge loss. So studying the outburst mechanism is essential for forecast and assessment of the disaster. In this paper, the endmoraine dam is considered as a natural dam and the outburst of endmoraine lake is researched in terms of hydraulics and soil mechanics. According to field observations and previous researches, our study focuses on the overflow and pipingbreak types of outburst. It is found that the dyke breach in the overflow type usually has the shape of an arc or a trapezoid. From the field observations, we have found a relationship between the height and the open width of the breach. Almost all endmoraine lakes collapse partially. Based on field surveys and sampling analysis, we have determined the possible ways of collapse of the Guangxieco endmoraine lake by infiltration.

Key words:

Key words: Tibet; endmoraine lake; outburst form

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