地学前缘 ›› 2009, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 354-362.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤理化参数的反射光谱分析

  

  1. 1中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
    2南京大学 地球科学与工程学院, 江苏 南京 210093
    3江苏省地质调查研究院, 江苏 南京 210018

  • 出版日期:2009-08-01 发布日期:2009-08-01
  • 作者简介:夏学齐(1979—),男,博士,讲师,主要从事高光谱遥感、环境地球化学等方面的教学与科研工作。Email: xiaxueqi@cugb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目“面向地块的地物类型精细识别技术及其应用”(2007AA12Z181);中国地质调查局与江苏省政府合作项目“江苏省国土生态地球化学调查”(20031230008,20031230000903)

Analysis of soil physical and chemical properties by reflectance spectroscopy.

  1. 1School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    2School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
    3Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China

  • Online:2009-08-01 Published:2009-08-01

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摘要：

土壤可见光和近红外波段(400~2 500 nm)反射光谱信息包含了大量土壤物理化学参数,土壤反射光谱测量简单、快速,无需破坏样品,而且还可以通过高光谱遥感方法制图。文中使用江苏国土生态地球化学调查中获取的大量土壤样品,研究了土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)、有机质含量、pH值、铁氧化物类型、铁铝硅等常量元素含量等重要土壤生态地球化学参数的光谱反应。结果显示,土壤CEC是进行光谱预测非常成功的参数,1 400、1 900和2 200 nm附近一阶导数光谱(FD)值或短波方向反射率值均可以很好地反映土壤CEC的大小;土壤有机质含量、铁氧化物类型、铁铝硅含量均可以在反射率光谱或其一阶导数(FD)值找到相关波段;土壤导数光谱存在的A、B、C和D峰使反射光谱方法不仅能够定量铁氧化物总量,还能鉴别铁氧化物矿物类型(针铁矿和赤铁矿)及其相对含量;江都土壤光谱的656 nm附近FD值与pH有很大相关性,但是江苏样品显示pH值光谱经验预测具有区域依赖性,可能与土壤类型有关,说明pH与光谱参数之间的关系并非一般的线性关系,而有更复杂的机制。

关键词:  高光谱遥感; 土壤; 反射光谱; 土壤生态地球化学参数

Abstract:

 Soil reflectance spectroscopy within the visiblenearinfrared (VNIR) region (0.382.5 μm) contains much information of soil composition and their physical and chemical parameters. The determination of a soil reflectance spectrum is not only rapid, inexpensive but also nondestructive and environmental friendly, and moreover, the spatial distribution of soil reflectance information can be mapped by hyperspectral remote sensing. Based on the large quantities of soil samples acquired in the ecogeochemical survey of Jiangsu Province, we have related the soil ecogeochemical parameters, such as cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter, pH, ferric oxide, and contents of Al, Fe and Si, to the reflectance parameters of soil samples. The results indicate that the CEC of soil can be accurately predicted by first derivative (FD) values of soil reflectance spectra at 1400, 1900 and 2200 nm or by reflectance values directly at the shorter wavelengths (~400 nm). Soil organic matter, types of iron oxides, and contents of Al, Fe and Si can also be determined by their respective relevant wavelengths on the reflectance or FD spectra. Soil pH in Jiangsu was found to be highly correlated to FD values near 656 nm; however, this relationship showed a regional dependence, which may account for the nonlinear relationship between soil pH and reflectance parameters. The more complicated mechanisms relating to the relationship between soil pH and their reflectance parameters need to be further clarified.

Key words:

Key words: hyperspectral remote sensing; soil; reflectance spectrum; soil ecogeochemical parameters

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