脑动脉粥样硬化斑块中不同类型钙化集合体的矿物学特征及分布规律

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.52

地学前缘 ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 291-299.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.52

• 宝玉石、矿产综合利用、工艺及生命矿物研究中的成因矿物学 • 上一篇下一篇

脑动脉粥样硬化斑块中不同类型钙化集合体的矿物学特征及分布规律

李源¹(), 王长秋¹^,^*(), 鲁安怀¹, 李艳¹, 杨重庆², 李康³

1.北京大学地球与空间科学学院造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室/矿物环境功能北京市重点实验室, 北京 100871
2.北京医院病理科, 北京 100730
3.北京医院心内科, 北京 100730

收稿日期:2020-03-15 修回日期:2020-05-10 出版日期:2020-09-25 发布日期:2020-09-25
通信作者: 王长秋
作者简介:李源(1990—),男,博士研究生,主要从事人体病理性矿化方面的研究。E-mail: urey091126@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41772033);国家自然科学基金项目(41272048);国家自然科学基金项目(40972210)

Mineralogical characteristics and distribution patterns of different types of calcification in a cerebrovascular atherosclerotic lesion

LI Yuan¹(), WANG Changqiu¹^,^*(), LU Anhuai¹, LI Yan¹, YANG Chongqing², LI Kang³

1. MOE Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution/Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2. Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
3. Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China

Received:2020-03-15 Revised:2020-05-10 Online:2020-09-25 Published:2020-09-25
Contact: WANG Changqiu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钙化是脑动脉粥样硬化的重要指示,并与粥样硬化的发展密切相关。脑动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化灶中存在球状与块状两类不同形貌的矿物集合体,但是关于两类钙化矿物学特征的区别以及其在病灶中空间分布规律的研究仍不充分。选取具有不同程度钙化的脑动脉粥样硬化样品,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及其附带的能谱仪(EDS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及其附带的选区电子衍射(SAED)以及拉曼光谱(Raman),对钙化物的形貌、构造以及基于空间分布的物相组成及化学成分的变化进行了研究。研究表明,钙化灶中心由块状钙化构成,周围分布着球状钙化。块状钙化中物相分布不均匀,其中心由碳羟磷灰石(CHA)构成,边缘除CHA外还含有部分无定型磷酸钙(ACP)。球状钙化由白磷钙石(WH)与CHA构成。

关键词: 脑动脉, 动脉粥样硬化, 球状钙化, 碳羟磷灰石, 白磷钙石

Abstract:

Cerebral artery calcification is an important indication of atherosclerotic plaques and closely related to the atherosclerotic process. In the cerebral artery, calcification mostly appears as spherical or massive mineral aggregates, but the difference between these two types and their spatial distribution patterns in an atherosclerotic lesion are still not clear. Therefore, we collected and analyzed samples with different stages of calcification by environmental scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM) with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman). We studied the morphology, structure and spatial distribution of phase and chemical composition of calcification in the atherosclerotic plaque. The results showed that the center of the calcified area develops massive calcification and its surrounding develops spherical calcification. The center of massive calcification is composed of carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHA) while the edge also contains small fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Spherical calcification is composed of whitlockite (WH) and CHA.

Key words: cerebral artery, atherosclerotic plaques, spherical calcification, carbonate hydroxyapatite, whitlockite

中图分类号:

李源, 王长秋, 鲁安怀, 李艳, 杨重庆, 李康. 脑动脉粥样硬化斑块中不同类型钙化集合体的矿物学特征及分布规律[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(5): 291-299.

LI Yuan, WANG Changqiu, LU Anhuai, LI Yan, YANG Chongqing, LI Kang. Mineralogical characteristics and distribution patterns of different types of calcification in a cerebrovascular atherosclerotic lesion[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(5): 291-299.

图/表 8

图1 脑动脉钙化HE染色切片,钙化呈现蓝紫色 a—50×放大下早期动脉粥样硬化样品;b—图1a中矩形区域放大(200×);c—50×放大下晚期动脉粥样硬化样品;d—图1c中矩形区域放大(200×)。

Fig.1 HE stained cerebral artery sections with calcification stained in purple

图2 球状钙化SEM图像 a—同心层状钙化球体;b—同心放射状钙化球体。

Fig.2 SEM images of spherical calcification

图3 块状钙化中心(a)和边缘(b)的SEM图像

Fig.3 SEM images of the massive calcification center (a) and edge (b) areas

图4 几种类型钙化在病灶中的位置分布图 a—脑动脉粥样硬化钙化灶;b—图a中块状钙化区域的放大,对应方框区域1,包含中心块状钙化(M2)和被块状钙化包裹的球状钙化(S2);c—图a边缘块状钙化(M1)区域的放大,对应方框区域2;d—图a球状钙化(S1)区域的放大,对应方框区域3。

Fig.4 SEM images showing the distribution of different types of calcification in an atherosclerotic lesion

图5 几种类型钙化Ca/P(原子数比)的箱形图,包括球状钙化(S1型)、被块状钙化包裹的球状钙化(S2型)、边缘块状钙化(M1型)以及中心块状钙化(M2型)

Fig.5 Box plot of Ca/P (At ratio) by calcification type

图6 球状钙化TEM图像(a,c)以及对应的电子衍射图(b,d) a—同心层状钙化球体;b—图a中黄色圆环部分的选区电子衍射图;c—同心放射状球体;d—图c中黄色圆环部分的选取电子衍射图。

Fig.6 TEM images of spherical calcification (a,c) and corresponding electron diffraction pattern (b,d)

图7 块状钙化TEM(a)和SAED(b)图像及对应的电子衍射图(c) a—块状钙化的TEM图像;b—图a中方框部分的高分辨晶格像;c—块状钙化的选取电子衍射图。

Fig.7 TEM (a) and SAED (b) image of massive calcification and the related electron diffraction pattern (c)

图8 钙化的拉曼光谱 a—球状钙化中WH的拉曼光谱;b—球状钙化中CHA的拉曼光谱;c—块状钙化中CHA的拉曼光谱

Fig.8 Raman spectra of calcification. (a) WH in spherical calcification; (b) CHA in spherical calcification; and (c) CHA in massive calcification. 。

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脑动脉粥样硬化斑块中不同类型钙化集合体的矿物学特征及分布规律

Mineralogical characteristics and distribution patterns of different types of calcification in a cerebrovascular atherosclerotic lesion

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