地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 103-111.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.2.10

• 污染土壤修复 • 上一篇    下一篇

草本植物间作对空心菜Pb吸收、转运的影响

孟楠，王萌，李杉杉，李晓越，郑涵，陈莉，陈世宝   

  1. 1. 农业农村部植物营养与肥料重点实验室; 中国农业科学院 农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
    2. 中国地质大学(北京) 土地科学技术学院, 北京 100038
    3. 北京市农林科学院 植物保护环境保护研究所, 北京 100097
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-25 修回日期:2018-10-16 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 陈世宝(1971—)，男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事土壤重金属污染与防治研究。
  • 作者简介:孟楠(1994—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为农田重金属污染与防治。E-mail：1476010949@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家支撑计划课题(2015BAD05B03)；国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800707，2017YFD0800900)

Effects of intercropping ten herbaceous plants on lead uptake by and accumulation in water spinach

MENG Nan，WANG Meng，LI Shanshan，LI Xiaoyue，ZHENG Han，CHEN Li， CHEN Shibao   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    2. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    3. Institute of Plant Protection and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
  • Received:2018-07-25 Revised:2018-10-16 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-30
  • Supported by:
     

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摘要： 为了研究不同草本植物间作对空心菜生长状况及对Pb的吸收、转运效果，采用盆栽试验，研究了空心菜在Pb污染土壤中单作及与10种草本植物(高丹草、苏丹草、狼尾草、黑麦草、苦荬菜、菊苣、籽粒苋、三叶草、紫花苜蓿、紫云英)间作对Pb吸收、积累的影响。结果表明：空心菜与黑麦草、苦荬菜、菊苣、籽粒苋、三叶草、紫花苜蓿以及紫云英间作后的茎叶生物量较空心菜单作增加显著(P<0.05)，增加了15.79%~84.75%。不同间作方式下的空心菜茎叶Pb含量为7.11~15.36 mg/kg，茎叶Pb富集系数(BCF)为0.024~0.051，根茎叶Pb转运系数(TF)为0.240~0.470。与高丹草、苏丹草、苦荬菜、菊苣以及籽粒苋间作后，空心菜茎叶Pb含量较单作(对照)降低了24.39%~41.46%，茎叶Pb积累量较单作降低了65.36%~75.06%；此外，与上述5种植物间作后空心菜的根际土壤有效态Pb含量降低了4.47%~9.09%，根际土壤pH值则增加了0.32%~2.74%。10种间作植物茎叶Pb含量大小为菊苣>黑麦草>苦荬菜>高丹草>苏丹草>紫云英>紫花苜蓿>狼尾草>三叶草>籽粒苋。不同间作方式下每盆植株Pb总积累量为0.560~2.108 mg/盆，10种间作处理是空心菜单作处理的1.73~3.76倍。研究结果表明，高丹草、苏丹草、苦荬菜、菊苣和籽粒苋与空心菜间作有效降低了空心菜对Pb的吸收积累，同时提高了整个体系对土壤中Pb的总积累量，在间作修复中是较为理想的组合模式。

 

关键词: 铅, 间作方式, 空心菜, 草本植物, 间作修复

Abstract: In this study, we conducted a pot experiment to investigate the effects of various intercropping patterns on lead (Pb) uptake by and accumulation in water spinach (the major crop) compared with monoculture. We used ten different herbaceous cultivars, including Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Pennisetum, Ryegrass, Lactucaindica, Chicory, Grain Amaranth, Alfalfa, Clover and Vetch, as intercropping plants. The results showed that intercropping Ryegrass, Lactucaindica, Chicory, Grain Amaranth, Alfalfa, Clover and Vetch significantly increased the shoot biomass of water spinach by 15.79%84.75%(P<0.05) compared with monoculture (the control). In water spinach shoot under different intercropping modes, the Pb content was 7.1115.36 mg/kg, Pb bioconcentration factor (BCF) ranged from 0.024 to 0.051, and Pb transfer factor (TF) from root to shoot ranged between 0.240 and 0.470. After intercropping Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Lactucaindica, Chicory and Grain Amaranth, the shoot Pb content and accumulation in water spinach decreased by 24.39%41.46% and 65.36%75.06%, respectively, compared with monoculture. Moreover, the exchangeable Pb content in rhizosphere soil of water spinach significantly decreased by 4.47%9.09%, while the soil pH increased by 0.32%2.74%. The shoot Pb contents of the ten tested intercropping herbs followed the order of Chicory>Ryegrass>Lactucaindica>Gaodan Grass>Sultan Grass>Vetch>Alfalfa>Pennisetum>Clover>Grain Amaranth. The total Pb accumulation in plants per pot under different intercropping modes was 0.5602.108 mg/pot, in which 10 intercropping treatments achieved 1.733.76 fold increase over that of monoculture. The results indicated that intercropping Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Lactucaindica, Chicory and Grain Amaranth and water spinach effectively decreased its Pb uptake and accumulation and simultaneously enhanced the overall Pb accumulation capacity of soil in the whole system, which is an ideal outcome in intercropping remediation.

Key words: lead, intercropping modes, water spinach, herbaceous plants, intercropping remediation

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