地学前缘 ›› 2016, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 1-7.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.2016.02.001

• 页岩气富集规律与分布 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国非常规油气的战略思考

康玉柱, 周磊   

  1. 1. 中国石油化工股份有限公司 中国石化勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
    2. 中国地质大学(北京) 页岩气勘查与评价国土资源部重点实验室, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-10 修回日期:2015-11-10 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-15
  • 作者简介:康玉柱(1936—),男,中国工程院院士,长期从事油气勘探理论研究工作,建立了中国古生代海相成油气理论,并丰富了地质力学找油气、非常规油气等理论。E-mail:kangyz.syky@sinopec.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120113040000)

The strategic thinking of unconventional petroleum and gas in China.

  1. 1. SINOPEC Exploration & Development Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Key Laboratory for Shale Gas Exploration and Assessment(Ministry of Land and Resources), China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083
  • Received:2015-09-10 Revised:2015-11-10 Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-03-15

摘要:

本文基于非常规油气的内涵,分析了致密砂岩油气和泥页岩油气的成藏地质条件,论述了非常规油气资源潜力巨大,指明中国非常规油气资源战略发展方向。研究表明,中国非常规油气藏是富集在近源储集体或烃源岩的低孔、低渗的微米级纳米级的储集空间中连续油气聚集,淡化了圈闭、油气藏边界的概念。依据成藏地质条件和油气资源潜力的差异,非常规油气藏主要指致密砂岩油气和泥页岩油气藏。致密砂岩油气藏多位于斜坡、坳陷区,具有广覆式有效烃源岩;源、储关联密切,多呈互层式;油气运移距离短,以非达西渗流为主;储集体渗透率、孔隙度极低。泥页岩油气藏圈闭概念淡化,典型的储源一体;多形成于盆地坳陷或斜坡区,泥页岩大面积连续分布;有机质丰度大,热演化成熟度高;多发育纹层结构,纳米级孔隙、裂缝储集系统;储集层脆性系数大,地层压力高。烃源岩呈现多时代、多层系、多沉积环境特征,从震旦系到第三系均有富含有机质的烃源岩发育,沉积环境囊括陆相海、陆交互相海相,非常规油气资源潜力巨大。常规与非常规油气在时、空域的紧密伴生和规律聚集,使得常规非常规油气在平面上和纵向上形成“有序聚集”体系。对“有序聚集”的不同类油气藏进行“整一化勘探、整一化部署、整一化开采”,实现常规非常规油气整一化科学有序开发,避免整体油气资源的破坏和遗漏;从而丰富油气地质理论,促进油气勘探由“点带面”向综合有序三维空间迈进。

关键词: 非常规油气, 战略思考, 地质条件, 资源潜力

Abstract:

Based on the connotation of unconventional oil and gas, this paper analyzes the geological conditions of tight sandstone oil and gas and shale oil and gas reservoir, demonstrates huge potential for unconventional oil and gas resources, and discusses the strategic direction of unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China. The unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs are continuous hydrocarbon accumulation consisting of selfgeneration and selfpreservation nanoporecrack system. Tight sandstone oil and gas and shale oil and gas reservoirs break the concept of reservoir trap distribution. Meanwhile, there is no significant “reservoir” boundary. The main characteristics of tight sandstone oil and gas are as follows. (1) Tight sandstone oil and gas are usually found in wide and slow tectonics which coexists with a widely distributed effective source rock. (2) Source rocks and reservoirs develop in the form of interactive multiple layers. (3) Hydrocarbon has short migration which is mainly dominated by nonDarcy flow. Shale oil and gas reservoir is a typical selfpreservation reservoir, but the concept of traps has been diluted. The shale oil and gas reservoirs have following characteristics: (1) shale oil and gas reservoir is mainly formed in the depression or slope of a basin. Therefore, shale has a large and continuous distribution area. (2) The organic matter has high TOC contents and high maturity. (3) The reservoir develops millimetercentimeter laminae, nanoporecrack system which has great brittleness coefficient and high formation pressure. The organicrich source rocks occurred from the Sinian to the Tertiary, deposited in terrestrial facies, marine facies, and terrestrialmarine facies. In a word, unconventional oil and gas resource has huge potential. Conventional and unconventional oil and gas coexist in a sequential distribution of time and space, forming a conventionalunconventional “sequentialaccumulation” system. “Sequentialexploitation” of conventional and unconventional oil and gas breakouts the traditional idea of hydrocarbon exploration, promoting the geological theories of hydrocarbon exploration from the “hot point”, “belt”, “two dimension” to “three dimension” and breaking the thinking of “rich first”.

Key words: unconventional petroleum and gas, strategic thinking, geological condition, potential

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