地学前缘 ›› 2010, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 27-34.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

初论浅成作用和热液矿床成因分类

 陈衍景   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-10 出版日期:2010-03-15 发布日期:2010-04-05
  • 作者简介:陈衍景(1962—),男,教授,从事矿床地质学研究。E-mail: yjchen@pku.edu.cn第17卷 第2期2010年3月地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京); 北京大学)
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2006CB403508);国家自然科学基金项目(40425006,40730421)

On epizonogenism and genetic classification of hydrothermal deposits.

 CHEN  Yan-Jing   

  1. 1北京大学 造山带与地壳演化重点实验室, 北京 100871
    2中国科学院 广州地球化学研究所 成矿动力学重点实验室, 广东 广州 510640
  • Received:2010-03-10 Online:2010-03-15 Published:2010-04-05

摘要:

通过简单列举现有金矿床类型的名称,发现热液矿床分类命名混乱、繁杂、缺乏科学逻辑,严重制约着教学、科研和找矿勘探事业的发展,原因是对于深度<10 km、温度为50~300 ℃条件下的地质作用研究薄弱,缺乏概念描述,构成认识盲区,因此提出了浅成作用(epizonogenism)的概念,用于概括深度<10 km、温度为50~300 ℃条件下的地质作用。藉此将热液矿床划分为浅成热液、变质热液和岩浆热液等3个成因端员;确定浅成、变质和岩浆流体的特征分别是低盐度贫CO2、低盐度富CO2和高盐度CO2含量变化大;岩浆热液矿床发育含多种子晶包裹体和高盐度富CO2的包裹体,变质热液矿床发育低盐度富CO2包裹体,浅成热液矿床只发育水溶液包裹体,缺乏含子晶包裹体和富/含CO2包裹体。

关键词: 浅成作用, 成矿流体, 流体包裹体, 热液矿床, 矿床类型

Abstract:

Abstract:  This paper, through listing the genetic type names of hydrothermal gold deposits presented in literatures, reveals that the existing genetic classifications of hydrothermal deposits are scientifically illogical, confusing and abusive, without satisfactory connection to logics in other geoscience disciplines. This greatly hinders the ore geological training, research and exploration targeting, and is resulted from a conceptual gap of the geological processes occurred at depths less than 10 km and temperatures of 50300 ℃. Hence we propose a concept of epizonogenism to describe the geological processes occurred at depths of <10 km and temperatures of 50300 ℃. In correspondence, hydrothermal deposits are classified into three endmembers, namely epizonogenic, metamorphic and magmatic. It is confirmed that the epizonogenic fluids are characterized by lowsalinity and CO2poor, the metamorphic fluids by lowsalinity and highcontent of CO2rich, and the magmatic fluids by highsalinity and variable content of CO2. The magmatic hydrothermal systems contain multiple daughtercrystalsbearing and CO2rich highsalinity fluid inclusions; the metamorphic deposits contain lowsalinity CO2rich fluid inclusions; and the epizonogenic hydrothermal systems contain neither daughtercrystalbearing nor CO2rich/bearing fluid inclusions, but are populated by aqueous fluid inclusions.

Key words: epizonogenism, orefluid, fluid inclusion, hydrothermal deposit, genetic type of ore deposit

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