基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.36

地学前缘 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 296-304.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.36

基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统

胡小晴¹(), 高世臣¹, 张欣²^,^*(), 王维³, 仲鸿儒¹, 周恒¹

1.中国地质大学(北京) 数理学院, 北京 100083
2.北京师范大学统计学院, 北京 100875
3.中国石油长庆油田分公司第三采气厂, 陕西西安 710016

收稿日期:2019-11-29 修回日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-03
通讯作者: 张欣
作者简介:胡小晴(1995—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事地质统计、图像处理与机器学习应用研究。E-mail: 2119180021@cugb.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地大型岩性地层油气藏勘探开发示范工程”(2015ZX05050)

A rock thin section analysis system based on continuous extinction characteristics

HU Xiaoqing¹(), GAO Shichen¹, ZHANG Xin²^,^*(), WANG Wei³, ZHONG Hongru¹, ZHOU Heng¹

1. School of Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3. No.3 Gas Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710016, China

Received:2019-11-29 Revised:2020-04-03 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-03
Contact: ZHANG Xin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

连续消光是指在正交偏光显微镜下,岩石薄片随载物台旋转而发生消光强弱连续变化的现象。作为人工鉴定岩石薄片的重要依据,提取后的连续消光特征可以用于实现岩石薄片的自动分析。结合数字图像处理技术与聚类划分算法,开发出一套能够分割出孔隙、颗粒轮廓,实现颗粒类别划分,并对结果做定量分析的岩石薄片分析系统。从矿物的消光特征本质出发,连续消光特征提取精确与否是能否有效划分颗粒类别的关键环节。因此,针对系统在连续消光特征提取过程中的消光位对齐与消光基值去除操作分别设置了对照组。以鄂尔多斯盆地某区长6段砂岩薄片在正交偏光镜下的角度域序列图像进行实验,结果表明,所开发的基于岩石薄片分析系统能够提取到更为精确的连续消光特征,且该系统定量分析结果与专业人员鉴定结果基本一致。

关键词: 正交偏光, 连续消光特征, 颗粒识别, 孔隙度, 颗粒分割

Abstract:

Continuous extinction refers to a phenomenon whereby the observed extinction intensity of a rotating rock thin section changes continuously under polarizing microscope observation. As an important reference for thin section identification, the extracted characteristics of continuous extinction can be used in the automatic thin section analysis. Combining digital image processing technology and clustering algorithm, we developed a thin section analysis system for grain segmentation, grain identification and quantitative data analysis. How to precisely extract the characteristics of continuous extinction—based on the extinction characteristics of minerals—became the vital part of grain identification. Therefore, we set up the control groups for extinction position alignment and baseline correction during the extraction operation. The resulting angular domain sequence images of sedimentary rock thin section under crossed polarizer show that the extinction position alignment and baseline correction contributed to more accurate continuous extinction characteristics, and the results of thin section analysis by our method matched those by expert evaluation.

Key words: crossed polarization, continuous extinction characteristics, grain identification, porosity, grain segmentation

中图分类号:

P585.1

胡小晴, 高世臣, 张欣, 王维, 仲鸿儒, 周恒. 基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(2): 296-304.

HU Xiaoqing, GAO Shichen, ZHANG Xin, WANG Wei, ZHONG Hongru, ZHOU Heng. A rock thin section analysis system based on continuous extinction characteristics[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(2): 296-304.

图/表 11

图1 旋转载物台对应消光变化

Fig.1 Extinction changes as sample table rotates from 0° to 90°

图2 岩石薄片分析系统

Fig.2 The rock thin section analysis system

表1 颗粒形态特征计算公式

Table 1 Formula for calculating grain morphological characteristics

特征类型	计算公式
矩形主轴比	Box(X/Y)=Box(X)/Box(Y)
圆度	roundness= $4 π S 1$ /P₁
凸度	c=S₁/S₂
粗糙度	r=(P₁/P₂)²

表1 颗粒形态特征计算公式

Table 1 Formula for calculating grain morphological characteristics

特征类型	计算公式
矩形主轴比	Box(X/Y)=Box(X)/Box(Y)
圆度	roundness= $4 π S 1$ /P₁
凸度	c=S₁/S₂
粗糙度	r=(P₁/P₂)²

图3 连续消光特征提取过程中序列图像变化

Fig.3 Changes of sequence images in the process of obtaining continuous extinction characteristics. (a) Original sequence images; (b) After extinction position alignment; (c) After further baseline correction.

图4 不同类别颗粒与孔隙的消光变化

Fig.4 Extinction changes in different types of grains and pores

图5 边缘融合(a)和颗粒分割(b)结果

Fig.5 Results of edge fusion (a) and grain segmentation (b)

图6 部分颗粒形态表征 a-d—长条形颗粒;e-h—正方形颗粒。

Fig.6 Characterization of representative grain morphologies

表2 颗粒形态参数

Table 2 Grain morphological parameters

编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

图7 序列图像的颗粒聚类、分割与各颗粒类别的RGB分布

Fig.7 Grain clustering (a) and segmentation (b) of image sequence and RGB distribution of each grain category (c)

图8 颗粒类别判定结果(a,b,c)和网格交点参照图像(d)

Fig.8 Grain categorization results (a,b,c) and grid intersection reference image (d)

表3 不同方法颗粒类别定量判定结果比较

Table 3 Comparison of quantitative results of grain categorization by different methods

实验方法	比例/%
实验方法	石英	长石	溶蚀长石	火山碎屑	孔隙
直接聚类	30.06	17.95	13.30	13.20	25.43
仅消光位对齐	23.16	33.10	8.27	9.98	25.43
本文系统	25.33	32.69	11.62	4.90	25.43
网格交点	26.43	32.17	12.40	5.10	24.26

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基于连续消光特征分析的岩石薄片分析系统

A rock thin section analysis system based on continuous extinction characteristics

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编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

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编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2

编号	X/Y	roundness	c	r
a	1.9	0.6	0.8	2.1
b	1.6	0.6	0.9	2.1
c	2.1	0.7	0.9	1.4
d	2.1	0.5	0.8	3.8
e	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.8
f	1.1	0.7	0.9	1.5
g	1.2	0.6	0.9	2.2
h	1.5	0.6	0.9	2.2