南黄海辐射沙脊群表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫埋葬群分布特征及其环境意义

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.6.20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对南黄海辐射沙脊群海域123个表层沉积物样品中的有孔虫埋葬群进行了分析,发现其中浮游有孔虫含量低,平均不到7%,其分布与外海潮流有关,底栖有孔虫以浅水广盐性属种为主。通过对研究区至少在3个样品中含量大于2%的59个底栖有孔虫属种的Q型因子分析,提取了3个底栖有孔虫组合,结合沉积物粒度特征、现代海洋环境要素,将研究区划分成3个环境分区:(1)辐射沙脊群主干沙脊及大型潮流通道区,对应Ammonia beccarii vars.-Nonion akitaense-Cribrononion frigidum组合。该区可再分为两个亚区:辐射沙脊群主干沙脊及大型潮流通道北部亚区,代表受低温沿岸流和潮流影响的强水动力近岸砂质沉积环境;辐射沙脊群南部长江口偏北部亚区,反映强潮流的河口、低盐缺氧环境,兼受外海悬浮泥沙的影响。(2)海州湾及废黄河口区,对应Ammonia compressiuscula-Spiroloculina laevigata-Elphidium advenum组合,代表粉砂、黏土质底质,和水深50 m以浅的浅海环境。(3)辐射沙脊南部近岸浅水区,对应Nonion anomalinoidea-Ammonia maruhasii-Ammonia pauciloculata组合,反映了粉砂及砂质底质的近岸浅水、低盐潮间带和潮下带环境。总之,辐射沙脊群海域底栖有孔虫种群的分布,不仅受海水温盐、水深影响显著,还与此区独特的水动力条件,即外海潮波与内陆河流的共同作用有关。

关键词: 南黄海, 辐射沙脊群, 表层沉积物, 底栖有孔虫, 海洋环境

Abstract:

We analyzed a total of 123 surface sediment samples obtained from the radial sand ridges (RSR) to uncover the relationships between the marine environmental parameters and foraminiferal assemblages. The results showed that the percentage of planktonic foraminifera was less than 7%, and its distribution was related to the offshore tide. The study area was dominated by foraminiferal species with high tolerance to shallow water and low salinity. Fifty-nine species with percentage contents ≥2% in more than three samples were chosen for the Q-mode factor analysis, from which three maximum variance (varimax) factors were obtained. By combining sediment particle size and modern marine environmental parameters, the study area was divided into three environmental zones: (1) The central RSR and large tidal inlet correspond to an Ammonia beccarii vars.-Nonion akitaense-Cribrononion frigidum assemblage. This area can be divided into two subregions: the northern RSR and large tidal inlet region representing the strong hydrodynamic nearshore sandy sedimentary environment affected by low-temperature coastal currents and tidal currents, and the southern study area including the Yangtze River Estuary reflecting the estuarine environment affected by strong oceanic tidal current. (2) The Haizhou Bay and the abandoned Yellow River Estuary region relate to the Ammonia compressiuscula-Spiroloculina laevigata-Elphidium advenum assemblage, representing a shallow sea environment (50 m) with silty sand and clay-based sediments. (3) The shallowest coastal areas of the southern RSR correspond to the Nonion anomalinoidea-Ammonia maruhasii-Ammonia pauciloculata assemblage, signifying the environment of nearshore shallow water, a low-salinity intertidal zone, or a subtidal zone with a silty and sandy bottom impacted by strong hydrodynamic force. In general, the distribution of benthic foraminiferal assemblages from the RSR is not only affected by temperature and salinity, but also related to the unique hydrodynamic condition, which is affected by offshore tidal current and inland rivers.

Key words: Southern Yellow Sea, radial sand ridge, surface sediment, benthic foraminifera, marine environment

中图分类号:

袁洁琼, 丁旋, 邹欣庆. 南黄海辐射沙脊群表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫埋葬群分布特征及其环境意义[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(6): 276-288.

YUAN Jieqiong, DING Xuan, ZOU Xinqing. Distribution of benthic foraminiferal taphocoenose in surface sediments and the environmental implication in the radial sand ridge of the South Yellow Sea[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(6): 276-288.

图/表 9

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属种	主因子1	主因子2	主因子3	属种	主因子1	主因子2	主因子3
Ammoboculites sp.	0.165	0.012	-0.132	Gyroidina altiformis	-0.053	-0.105	0.153
Ammonia beccarii vars.	7.273	0.64	0.676	Lagena hispida	-0.069	-0.036	0.125
A.compressiuscula	-0.565	6.338	0.942	L.striata	0.029	-0.006	0.211
A.convexidorsa	-0.09	-0.264	0.929	L. sp.	-0.04	-0.06	0.045
A.ketienziensis	-0.17	-0.117	0.533	Melonis affinis	0.213	-0.003	-0.126
A.maruhasii	-0.484	0.38	3.558	Nonion akitaense	1.014	-0.238	0.822
A.pauciloculata	-0.876	0.53	3.394	N.anomalinoidea	0.006	-0.365	3.695
Bolivina cochei	0.244	-0.278	1.301	N.decora	0.078	-0.024	-0.013
B.obscura	-0.049	-0.146	0.131	N.depressulum	0.161	-0.111	0.151
B.robusta	-0.143	-0.246	1.237	N.glabrum	-0.246	0.036	0.63
B.striatula	0.028	-0.251	0.244	Pararotalia nipponica	0.119	0.364	0.14
B. sp.	-0.038	-0.018	-0.028	Protelphidium granosum	-0.06	-0.442	0.55
Buccella frigida	0.026	-0.13	0.045	Quinqueloculina akneriana	-0.232	0.12	-0.06
Bulimina marginata	0.24	-0.235	0.564	Q.auberiana	0.931	-0.035	-0.482
Cancris auriculus	-0.015	-0.051	0.384	Q.lamarckiana	-0.288	0.839	1.009
Cicidoides sp.	0.203	-0.058	-0.041	Q. sp.	0.025	-0.064	-0.006
Cribrononion frigidum	0.964	0.078	1.31	Q.tubilotula	-0.006	0.071	-0.063
C.subincertum	-0.635	0.576	1.779	Rosalina australis	0.015	0.103	0.073
Elphidium advenum	0.693	1.028	0.297	R.bradyi	0.053	-0.227	-0.149
E.advenum depressulum	0.278	0.093	-0.014	R.vilarbodeana	-0.001	-0.06	0.059
Eliphidiella sp.	-0.006	0.009	-0.04	Spiroloculina communis	-0.107	0.062	0.217
Eggerella bradyi	-0.059	-0.257	0.209	S.laevigata	-0.131	3.704	-2.11
Epistominella naraensis	-0.352	-0.907	0.7	Spiroplectammina fistulosa	0.059	0.142	0.013
E. sp.	0.348	-0.248	-0.309	Textularia sp.	0.039	-0.005	-0.102
Florilus atlanticus	0.18	-0.129	0.189	Triloculina trigonula	0.032	0.098	-0.062
F.decorus	0.152	-0.176	0.838	Trochammina sp.	0.072	0.08	-0.219
F.limbatostriatus	0.091	-0.029	0.023	Turborotalia clarkei	-0.049	-0.053	0.1
F.scaphus	0.103	-0.293	0.797	Uvigerina hispida	0.106	-0.058	-0.024
Fissurina elliptica	0.083	-0.097	0.293	U. sp.	-0.219	-0.046	0.665
Guembelitria sp.	0.084	-0.025	-0.12

属种	主因子1	主因子2	主因子3	属种	主因子1	主因子2	主因子3
Ammoboculites sp.	0.165	0.012	-0.132	Gyroidina altiformis	-0.053	-0.105	0.153
Ammonia beccarii vars.	7.273	0.64	0.676	Lagena hispida	-0.069	-0.036	0.125
A.compressiuscula	-0.565	6.338	0.942	L.striata	0.029	-0.006	0.211
A.convexidorsa	-0.09	-0.264	0.929	L. sp.	-0.04	-0.06	0.045
A.ketienziensis	-0.17	-0.117	0.533	Melonis affinis	0.213	-0.003	-0.126
A.maruhasii	-0.484	0.38	3.558	Nonion akitaense	1.014	-0.238	0.822
A.pauciloculata	-0.876	0.53	3.394	N.anomalinoidea	0.006	-0.365	3.695
Bolivina cochei	0.244	-0.278	1.301	N.decora	0.078	-0.024	-0.013
B.obscura	-0.049	-0.146	0.131	N.depressulum	0.161	-0.111	0.151
B.robusta	-0.143	-0.246	1.237	N.glabrum	-0.246	0.036	0.63
B.striatula	0.028	-0.251	0.244	Pararotalia nipponica	0.119	0.364	0.14
B. sp.	-0.038	-0.018	-0.028	Protelphidium granosum	-0.06	-0.442	0.55
Buccella frigida	0.026	-0.13	0.045	Quinqueloculina akneriana	-0.232	0.12	-0.06
Bulimina marginata	0.24	-0.235	0.564	Q.auberiana	0.931	-0.035	-0.482
Cancris auriculus	-0.015	-0.051	0.384	Q.lamarckiana	-0.288	0.839	1.009
Cicidoides sp.	0.203	-0.058	-0.041	Q. sp.	0.025	-0.064	-0.006
Cribrononion frigidum	0.964	0.078	1.31	Q.tubilotula	-0.006	0.071	-0.063
C.subincertum	-0.635	0.576	1.779	Rosalina australis	0.015	0.103	0.073
Elphidium advenum	0.693	1.028	0.297	R.bradyi	0.053	-0.227	-0.149
E.advenum depressulum	0.278	0.093	-0.014	R.vilarbodeana	-0.001	-0.06	0.059
Eliphidiella sp.	-0.006	0.009	-0.04	Spiroloculina communis	-0.107	0.062	0.217
Eggerella bradyi	-0.059	-0.257	0.209	S.laevigata	-0.131	3.704	-2.11
Epistominella naraensis	-0.352	-0.907	0.7	Spiroplectammina fistulosa	0.059	0.142	0.013
E. sp.	0.348	-0.248	-0.309	Textularia sp.	0.039	-0.005	-0.102
Florilus atlanticus	0.18	-0.129	0.189	Triloculina trigonula	0.032	0.098	-0.062
F.decorus	0.152	-0.176	0.838	Trochammina sp.	0.072	0.08	-0.219
F.limbatostriatus	0.091	-0.029	0.023	Turborotalia clarkei	-0.049	-0.053	0.1
F.scaphus	0.103	-0.293	0.797	Uvigerina hispida	0.106	-0.058	-0.024
Fissurina elliptica	0.083	-0.097	0.293	U. sp.	-0.219	-0.046	0.665
Guembelitria sp.	0.084	-0.025	-0.12

环境分区		底栖有孔虫丰度 /(枚·g^-1)	浮游有孔虫丰度 /(枚·g^-1)	浮游有孔虫占全群比例/%	水深/m	玻璃质壳含量/%	似瓷质壳含量/%	胶结质壳含量/%	平均粒径 φ
A区	A1亚区	24	2	6.43	13.76	86.21	12.29	1.50	4.45
A区	A2亚区	30	7	15.97	16.10	88.72	8.26	3.02	5.78
B区		99	1	0.51	17.60	72.75	25.46	1.79	5.55
C区		21	2	7.54	12.27	90.44	9.08	0.49	4.88

环境分区		底栖有孔虫丰度 /(枚·g^-1)	浮游有孔虫丰度 /(枚·g^-1)	浮游有孔虫占全群比例/%	水深/m	玻璃质壳含量/%	似瓷质壳含量/%	胶结质壳含量/%	平均粒径 φ
A区	A1亚区	24	2	6.43	13.76	86.21	12.29	1.50	4.45
A区	A2亚区	30	7	15.97	16.10	88.72	8.26	3.02	5.78
B区		99	1	0.51	17.60	72.75	25.46	1.79	5.55
C区		21	2	7.54	12.27	90.44	9.08	0.49	4.88