地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 85-94.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.5.35

• 地下空间开发中问题与对策 • 上一篇    下一篇

特殊地质城市地下空间开发利用面临的问题与挑战

黄强兵，彭建兵，王飞永，刘妮娜   

  1. 1. 长安大学 地质工程系, 陕西 西安 710054
    2. 长安大学 岩土与地下工程研究所, 陕西 西安 710054
    3. 长安大学 西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-12 修回日期:2019-03-21 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-25
  • 作者简介:黄强兵(1972—)，男，博士，教授，主要从事地质工程、岩土及地下工程等方面的教学与研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院学部咨询评议项目“城市地下空间的开发利用”(DX-2017-B02)；国家自然科学基金项目(41372328)

Issues and challenges in the development of urban underground space in adverse geological environment

HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,WANG Feiyong,LIU Nina   

  1. 1. Department of Geological Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
    2. Institute of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering(Ministry of Education), Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
  • Received:2018-09-12 Revised:2019-03-21 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-25
  • Supported by:
     

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摘要： 我国地质环境十分复杂，地面沉降、地裂缝、活动断裂及岩溶等特殊地质现象十分发育，是世界上地质灾害最为严重的国家之一，这给我国目前大规模城市地下空间开发利用尤其是城市轨道交通和地下综合管廊的建设带来了前所未有的地质挑战。文中论述了我国城市地面沉降、地裂缝、活动断裂及岩溶等特殊地质现象的分布与发育状况及危害，明确指出了上述特殊地质环境下城市地下空间开发利用中面临的诸如监测缺乏系统性、缺少评价与安全利用理论方法和技术支撑、特殊地质与地下空间相互作用机制不明以及规划缺乏前瞻性等关键问题和挑战，建议尽快开展我国特殊地质城市地下空间开发利用的适宜性评价理论方法、规划设计理论、探测与监测技术方法以及城市地下空间资源评价、安全利用与防治关键技术等方面的研究，为我国地面沉降、地裂缝、活动断裂以及岩溶等特殊地质城市地下空间开发利用与安全运营提供重要科学依据与技术指导。

 

关键词: 城市地下空间, 开发利用, 特殊地质, 地面沉降, 地裂缝, 活动断裂, 岩溶

Abstract: The geological environment is complex and adverse geological conditions such as land subsidence, ground fissures, active faults and karst are common in China. And China is one of the countries most prone to serious geological disasters in the world, which brings unprecedented challenges to Chinas current large-scale development of urban underground space,especially in the constructions of urban underground transient system and comprehensive pipe gallery. In this paper, we describe the distribution, developmental status and engineering hazards of the aforementioned adverse geological environments in China. We point out clearly the issues and challenges facing the underground space development and utilization in these hazardous environments, such as lack of systematic monitoring, lack of theoretical methods and technical support for evaluation and safe usage, unknown mechanism of interactions between adverse geological conditions and underground space, and lack of foresight based planning. We suggest that theories and methods should be developed as soon as possible for assessing the suitability of urban underground space development and utilization in adverse geological environments. Plan and design theory, detection and monitoring techniques, and key technologies for evaluation, safe usage and hazard prevention for urban underground space resources also need to be developed urgently. This study provides important scientific basis and technical guidance for the development, utilization and safe operation of underground space in the aforementioned adverse geological environments.

Key words: urban underground space, development and utilization, adverse geology, land subsidence, ground fissure, active fault, karst

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