地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 112-117.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2018.12.14

• 污染土壤修复 • 上一篇    下一篇

田间条件下不同农艺措施对烟叶镉吸收及烟叶品质的影响

段淑辉，陈世宝，李晓越，肖艳松，单雪华，邓祥，廖雅桦，刘勇军， 周志成   

  1. 1. 湖南农业大学 资源环境学院, 湖南 长沙 410128
    2. 湖南省烟草公司, 湖南 长沙 410010
    3. 中国农业科学院 农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
    4. 郴州市烟草公司, 湖南 郴州 423000
    5. 衡阳市烟草公司, 湖南 衡阳 421000
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-25 修回日期:2018-10-16 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 周志成(1969—)，男，高级农艺师，主要从事烟草植物保护研究。
  • 作者简介:段淑辉(1986—)，女，博士研究生，农艺师，从事烟田土壤保育技术研究。E-mail：duansh@hntobacco.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司湖南省分公司科技专项“湖南烟叶重金属镉阻控技术研究及应用”(16-19Aa04)

Effects of different agronomic practices on Cd uptake by tobacco plant and on tobacco quality under field conditions

DUAN Shuhui，CHEN Shibao，LI Xiaoyue，XIAO Yansong，SHAN Xuehua， DENG Xiang，LIAO Yahua，LIU Yongjun，ZHOU Zhicheng   

  1. 1. College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China
    2. Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company, Changsha 410010, China
    3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    4. Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou 423000, China
    5. Hengyang Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Hengyang 421000, China
  • Received:2018-07-25 Revised:2018-10-16 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-30
  • Supported by:
     

PDF (PC)

93

摘要： 为研究不同农艺措施对烟叶镉(Cd)富集及生长发育的影响，选取中国南方植烟区两种Cd污染土壤(红泥田、黄泥田)为研究对象，以云烟87为供试品种，通过田间小区试验，研究增施磷酸二氢钾、硫酸锌、腐殖酸络合钾和生石灰对土壤Cd有效态含量、烟叶Cd含量、土壤肥力指标、烤烟经济性状及常规化学成分的影响。结果表明：与对照组相比，增施磷酸二氢钾、硫酸锌、腐殖酸络合钾和生石灰均能有效减少土壤Cd生物有效性和烟草对Cd的富集，土壤有效态Cd含量降低10.4%~25.5%，烟叶Cd消减率为20.39%~43.47%，不同处理顺序为磷酸二氢钾>腐殖酸络合钾>硫酸锌≈生石灰；施用生石灰可提高土壤pH值0.24~0.51，但会造成土壤肥力下降，影响烤烟生长发育；增施腐殖酸络合钾可提高土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性，提高土壤有机质含量、阳离子交换量、有效氮含量等肥力指标，显著提高烤后烟叶钾含量，降低烟叶糖含量，使烟叶化学成分更趋于协调。

 

关键词: 农艺措施, 烟叶, Cd, 污染土壤, 品质

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of different agronomic practices on Cd uptake by tobacco cultivars and on tobacco growth. We selected two kinds of Cd-polluted soil from southern tobacco planting area (paddy soil and yellow mud) as test objects and Yunyan 87 as test cultivars for this study. We carried out field plot experiment to evaluate the effects of increasing application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate, potassium humate and lime on soil available Cd, tobacco leaf Cd, soil fertility index, economic characters and chemical composition of tobacco. The results indicated that this practice significantly decreased both Cd bioeffectiveness and accumulation in soil compared with control. These agronomic measures reduced available Cd in soil and Cd content in tobacco leaves by 10.4%25.5% and 20.39%43.47%, respectively, following the ordered of potassium dihydrogen phosphate>potassium humate>zinc sulfate≈lime in effectiveness. Increasing application of lime improved soil pH by 0.240.51 units but decreased soil fertility and affected tobacco growth. Increasing application of potassium humate, whereas, increased urease and phosphatase activities as well as organic matters, cationic exchange capacity and available nitrogen in soil. It also significantly increased the potassium content in cured tobacco leaf while decreasing its sugar content, resulting in more balanced chemical composition.

Key words: agronomic measures, tobacco, Cd, polluted soil, quality

中图分类号: